Ese wigeze wibaza niba hari uturemangingo tw’ubumaji mu mibiri yacu dushobora guhinduka ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose? Ni ukuvuga uturemangingo twihariye dushobora guhinduka uturemangingo tw’amaraso, uturemangingo tw’amagufwa, cyangwa uturemangingo tw’imitsi iyo bikenewe. Utwo turemangingo ni two twita uturemangingo tw’ibanze. Utwo ni two twubatse umubiri wacu. Dushobora gukora kopi zatwo. Niyo mpamvu tutigera tubura utwo turemangingo mu mibiri yacu. Nanone, utwo turemangingo tw’ibanze dufasha gusana uturemangingo mu mibiri yacu iyo twangiritse.
Mu magambo make, ni ubwoko bungana iki bw'uturemangingo tw'umubiri?
Iyo turebye uturemangingo tw’umubiri tuba mu mibiri yacu n’utwo twakorewe muri laboratwari n’abashakashatsi mu by’ubuvuzi, dushobora kuvuga ku bwoko butatu bw’ingenzi. Ubwo bwoko ni ingenzi cyane, reka tubirebe mu buryo burambuye.
| Ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'inyuma | Bigenda bite kuri ibi? |
|---|---|
| Utunyangingo tw'urusoro rw'inda | Aha niho twese dutangirira ubuzima bwacu. Utu turemangingo tuba mu rusoro ruvuka iyo intanga n'igi bihuriye hamwe. Tumeze nk'amatafari ya mbere mu nyubako. Utu turemangingo dushobora guhinduka ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'uturemangingo mu mubiri wacu. Utu turemangingo tw'urusoro dufite ubushobozi bwo gukora ubwoko burenga 200 bw'uturemangingo mu mubiri wacu. |
| Utunyangingo tw'inyuma tw'abantu bakuru | Utu tunyangingo tuboneka mu ngingo zitandukanye mu mubiri wawe. Inshingano yatwo nyamukuru ni ugusimbuza uturemangingo twangiritse no gukora uturemangingo dushya no gusana uturemangingo. Urugero, uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu igufwa tubungabunga uturemangingo tw’amaraso n’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri. Uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu maraso , tuboneka mu ngingo zitandukanye, twita ku bintu nk’amagufwa, imitsi, n’ibinure. |
| Uturemangingo tw’ingenzi twa Pluripotent (iPSCs) | Izi ni ingirabuzimafatizo zidasanzwe zikorerwa muri laboratwari. Abashakashatsi bafata ingirabuzimafatizo z’abantu bakuru bazitanga bakazigira nk’ingirabuzimafatizo z’inda zikiri mu nda. Ibyo bivuze ko zishobora guhinduka ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw’ingirabuzimafatizo. Iri ni iterambere rikomeye mu buvuzi. |
None se izi selile zitugira izihe nyungu?
Uturemangingo tw’umubiri si inkingi z’umubiri wacu gusa. Ni ingenzi cyane ku bashakashatsi mu by’ubuvuzi. Hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera.
- Sobanukirwa uburyo indwara zikura: Abashakashatsi bashobora gukura uturemangingo tw’umubiri muri laboratwari bakareba uko tugenda duhinduka, ibyo bikaba byabafasha gusobanukirwa uburyo indwara zimwe na zimwe zikura mu ngingo n’ingingo runaka.
- Vumbura uburyo bushya bwo kuvura: Ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa ku turemangingo fatizo, dusana cyangwa tukongera ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo, nk'uturemangingo tw'amaraso cyangwa uturemangingo tw'amagufwa. Hari icyizere gikomeye ko ubu bushakashatsi buzazana uburyo bushya bwo kuvura indwara.
- Gerageza imiti mishya: Mbere yo guha abantu umuti mushya, hakoreshwa uturemangingo tw’ibanze twateguwe neza kugira ngo harebwe ko nta kibazo kirimo kandi ko gikora neza.
Mu magambo make, uturemangingo tw’umubiri ni igikoresho gitangaje gishobora kudufasha kubona impamvu z’indwara no kuzivura.
Ni gute tubona izi selile zo mu bwoko bwa stem kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu bushakashatsi?
Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kubona utwo turemangingo tw’agaciro kugira ngo tubikoreho ubushakashatsi, byose bikorwa hakurikijwe amategeko n’amahame mbwirizamuco akomeye cyane.
- Biturutse ku ngingo z'umuntu zatanzwe (zirimo uturemangingo tw'ibanze tw'umuntu mukuru).
- Amaraso ava mu muyoboro w'inkondo y'umura akurwamo nyuma yo kuvuka k'umwana (aya maraso akubiyemo uturemangingo tw'amaraso).
- Kuva ku ntanga zikoreshwa mu gutera inda mu buryo bwa Vitro Fertilization (IVF), no ku zibitswe zikanatangwa mu bushakashatsi.
- Kuva mu turemangingo twa ``(iPSCs)`` twateguwe byihariye muri laboratwari.
Ni izihe ndwara ubu ubuvuzi bwa Stem Cell Therapy bukoreshwa?
Ubuvuzi bw'uturemangingo tw'inyuma buracyari iterambere ryihuse, ariko bumaze gukoreshwa neza mu ndwara zimwe na zimwe. Reka turebere hamwe ibyo ari byo.
| Indwara | Uburyo bwo kuvura |
|---|---|
| Kanseri y'amaraso | Gutera uturemangingo tw’amaraso ni uburyo bukomeye bwo kuvura kanseri y’amaraso nka kanseri y’amaraso , kanseri y’amaraso ya kanseri nyinshi, n’ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri y’amaraso (lymphoma itari iya Hodgkin) . Muri ubu buryo, uturemangingo tw’amaraso twangiritse dutangwa kugira ngo dusimbuze umwongo w’igufwa ry’umurwayi. |
| Indwara z'amaraso | Gutera uturemangingo tw’umugongo bikoreshwa kandi mu kuvura indwara z’amaraso, nk’ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw’amaraso adahagije . |
| Amagufwa Yavunitse | Uduce tw’amagufwa, dukozwe mu turemangingo twa mesenchymal stem (MSCs) twatanzwe n’izindi nganda, dukoreshwa mu kuvura imvune zikomeye. |
Byongeye kandi, abashakashatsi barimo kwiga ku bushobozi bwo gukoresha imiti ya MSC nk'umuti uvura indwara ya osteoarthritis, indwara yo kwangirika kw'ingingo.
Ese uturemangingo twacu dushobora kwangirika?
Yego, hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw’umubiri wacu, cyane cyane uturemangingo tw’amaraso two mu musokoro w’amagufwa. Urugero:
- Kubura amaraso mu mubiri (Aplastic anemia)
- Leukemia
- Myeloma nyinshi
- Indwara za myeloproliferative
Izi ndwara zigira ingaruka ku musemburo w'amagufwa, zigagabanya ubushobozi bwawo bwo gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso tuzima.
Ese dushobora kongera uturemangingo twacu mu buryo busanzwe?
Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Ubushakashatsi burakomeje kugira ngo harebwe niba gufata vitamine zimwe na zimwe bishobora gufasha umubiri gukora uturemangingo twinshi. Ariko, nta mwanzuro uhamye uraboneka kugeza ubu. Kubwibyo, ntugafate vitamine cyangwa inyongeramusaruro ubona ko byakongera uturemangingo twinshi utabanje kugisha inama muganga.
Imibiri yacu ni ikiremwa gitangaje kigizwe n'uturemangingo tutari duto. Muri utwo turemangingo, uturemangingo ni bwo bwoko bwonyine bw'uturemangingo bushobora gukora kopi zitabarika zatwo hanyuma bugahinduka ubundi bwoko bw'uturemangingo. Niyo mpamvu dufite agaciro gakomeye. Bamaze gukoreshwa nk'umuti ukiza indwara nka kanseri y'amaraso, abaganga bizera ko uturemangingo tuzaba urufunguzo rwo gukiza izindi ndwara nyinshi mu gihe kizaza.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Uturemangingo tw’ibanze ni uturemangingo tw’ingenzi dushobora guhinduka ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw’uturemangingo mu mubiri wacu.
- Ibi ni ingenzi mu gukura k'umubiri, gusana ingingo zangiritse, no kubungabunga ubuzima bwiza.
- Ubuvuzi bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso burimo gukoreshwa neza muri iki gihe mu kuvura kanseri y'amaraso, indwara z'amaraso, ndetse n'amagufwa amwe na amwe.
- Bitewe n'iterambere rya siyansi y'ubuvuzi, hari icyizere gikomeye ko uturemangingo tw'umubiri tuzashobora kuvura izindi ndwara nyinshi mu gihe kizaza.
- Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kijyanye no kuvura uturemangingo tw’umubiri, buri gihe gisha inama abaganga babishoboye, nka muganga wawe. Ntukishingikirize ku makuru atemewe aboneka kuri interineti cyangwa ahandi.
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