Ese imitsi yawe y'umutima irafunze? Byose ku bijyanye na stent, mu buryo bworoshye!

Ese wigeze wumva "stent" ishyirwamo? Wenda wigeze wumva umwe mu bagize umuryango wawe cyangwa inshuti zawe ayifite. Akenshi, ijambo stent rigaruka iyo hari ikibazo cy'umutima. None se, stent ni iki? Kuki ibi bintu bishyirwamo? Reka tubiganireho birambuye uyu munsi, sibyo?

Stent ni iki?

Mu magambo make, stent ni umuyoboro muto cyane, umeze nk'umuyoboro. Ni nk'agace k'umuyoboro kazinze. Ibi ni byo muganga wawe ashobora gushyira mu mitsi yawe imwe, cyangwa imitsi y'amaraso, maze akawugumana ufunguye. Tekereza ko umuyoboro w'amaraso ufite plaque , cyangwa cholesterol, ibuza amaraso gutembera. Muganga azabanza gukuraho plaque hanyuma agatunganya inzira. Hanyuma bazashyiramo stent kugira ngo imitsi idakomeza kuziba. Ni nk'ikintu ushyiramo kugira ngo ugenzure umuvuduko w'imodoka. Bifasha amaraso gutembera byoroshye .

Iyi stent ikunze gushyirwa mu mitsi yawe burundu (hari ubwoko bumwe bushobora gushonga ubu, ariko ubworoshye ni bwo bukunze kugaragara). Akenshi ikorwa mu byuma. Ariko, hari ubwoko bwihariye bwa stent bukorwa mu bindi bikoresho. Stent y'umutima, ishyirwa mu mitsi y'umutima, ishobora kugira uburebure bwa milimetero 8 kugeza kuri 48, cyangwa santimetero 2. Ishobora kugira umurambararo wa milimetero 2 kugeza kuri 5. Ni nk'ingano y'agasongero k'amakaramu mashya cyangwa ingano y'agasabo gashya k'ikaramu. Ariko, stent zishyirwa ahandi zishobora kuba nini cyane.

Istent ishyirwa he?

Abantu benshi batekereza ko stent zikoreshwa gusa mu mitsi y'amaraso y'umutima. Ariko ibyo si byo. Uretse imitsi y'amaraso, abaganga banakoresha stent kugira ngo barinde ibintu nk'imiyoboro y'ubuhumekero , imiyoboro y'inkari , na ureter kuziba. Ariko stent zishyirwa mu miyoboro y'ubuhumekero akenshi zikoreshwa nk'igisubizo cy'agateganyo kugeza igihe abaganga bakorewe ubuvuzi bukomeye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa stent buriho?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa stent. Reka turebe bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi.

Issente y'icyuma idafite ubusa

Ibi bikorwa mu byuma gusa, urugero `(nickel-titanium alloy)`, `(stainless steel)` cyangwa `(cobalt-chromium)`. Ibi ni ikoranabuhanga rya kera ryakoreshejwe igihe kirekire. Bishyirwa mu mitsi y'umutima wawe (imitsi y'umutima) cyangwa mu mitsi yo mu ijosi ryawe (imitsi y'umutima).

Issente Ikoresha Ibiyobyabwenge

Ubu ni bwo bwoko buzwi cyane muri iki gihe. Icyuma cy'iyi stent gifite umuti wihariye uyikoresha. Uyu muti urinda imitsi aho stent ishyirwa kugira ngo idasubira gufungana. Ni ukuvuga ko irinda ko inkovu zibaho mu iy'iyi stent zidakenewe.Uyu muti uhagarika kwirema kw'imitsi mu mezi make ya mbere. Ibi bituma imitsi ifunguka.

Istent ishobora kubora

Iri ni ikoranabuhanga rishya. Riracyakoreshwa gake cyane. Iyo ubu bwoko bwa stent bushyizwe mu mitsi, bushonga mu mubiri mu mezi make . Ibi bivuze ko udakwiye kugumana igice cy'icyuma mu mubiri wawe burundu.

Igitambaro cya polyester n'icyuma gikozwe muri stent

Izi ni stent nini gato. Zikoreshwa mu mitsi minini y'amaraso nka aorta. Zikozwe mu mwenda wa polyester n'icyuma.

Stent ya silikoni

Abaganga bakoresha ibi kugira ngo bagufashe gufungura inzira y'ubuhumekero mu bihaha byawe .

Kuki ukoresha stent?

Abaganga bakoresha stent kugira ngo bahagarike urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso kubuzwa no kuziba imitsi y'amaraso burundu. Ushobora gukenera stent niba:

• Niba ufite indwara y'umutima .
• Iyo urwaye indwara ya atherosclerosis , bivuze ko ibinure byishyize hamwe mu mitsi, bigatuma amaraso atembera neza.
• Niba imitsi yawe irenga 70% ifunze cyane .

Urugero, tekereza ko umuyoboro w'amazi mu busitani bwawe wuzuyemo ibihuru n'umwanda, bigatuma amazi atemba buhoro buhoro cyangwa agahagarara burundu. Istent ni agace gato gashyirwa imbere mu muyoboro, bigatuma amazi yongera gutemba neza.

Ni ibihe bibazo bivurwa hakoreshejwe stent?

Gukuraho ibinure biri mu mitsi hakoreshejwe stent, imiyoboro y'amaraso ishobora kongera gukora neza. Ibinure bishobora kubaho mu bihe nk'ibi:

• Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande (PAD)
• Indwara y'imitsi ifata imiyoboro ya carotide.
• Indwara y'imitsi y'impyiko.
• Indwara y'imitsi itera umutima.

Byongeye kandi, gushyira stent mu mubiri bishobora no gufasha abantu bafite indwara nka deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (ishobora kugaragara mu maguru, mu maboko, cyangwa mu kibuno) ndetse no kurwara aorta.

Indwara ya stent ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu gihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika honyine, bivugwa ko habagwa stent y'umutima igera ku 600.000 buri mwaka. Ubwa mbere stent yashyizwe mu mutima w'umuntu ni mu 1986. Kuva icyo gihe, ikoreshwa rya stent ryariyongereye cyane. Ibi ubu byabaye ikintu gisanzwe muri Sri Lanka.

Ni izihe nyungu zo gushyira stent mu mubiri?

Hari inyungu nyinshi zo gushyira stent:

• Amaraso atembera neza binyuze mu mitsi aho stent yashyizwe.
• Bihujwe n'uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa angioplasty, bishobora guhagarika indwara y'umutima.
• Ufite iki?Ibimenyetso nko guhumeka nabi no kubabara mu gatuza biragabanuka (cyane cyane iyo stent ishyizwe mu mitsi yo mu mutima).
• Bishobora kubuza imitsi yawe kongera kugabanuka.
• Umuntu washyizwemo stent ashobora gukira vuba kurusha umuntu wakorewe kubagwa imitsi y'umutima (CABG) kuko gushyiramo stent ari igikorwa gito cyane gikorerwa hakoreshejwe incision ntoya.

Tekereza, igihe ugiye kumva ububabare mu gituza, ukagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, ukajya kwa muganga, abaganga bakavuga ko umutsi w'amaraso mu mutima wawe wazibye kandi ugomba gushyiramo stent ako kanya. Icyo gihe iki gikoresho gito cyaba kingana iki kugira ngo kirokore ubuzima?

Ni izihe ngaruka cyangwa ingorane zo gushyira stent mu mwanya wayo?

Ingorane zikomeye ziterwa no gushyira stent mu mubiri ni gake cyane, ariko abantu barwaye indwara z'umutima, diyabete, indwara z'impyiko, cyangwa imitsi y'amaraso yazibye mbere bari mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira ingorane zikomeye.

Dore zimwe mu ngaruka zishobora kubaho:

• Amaraso ashobora kuzura imbere muri stent. Ibi bishobora kubaho, cyane cyane iyo uhagaritse gufata umuti urinda stent mu buryo butunguranye.
• Uburyo bwo kugira ubwivumbure ku gisebe ubwacyo cyangwa umuti wakoreshejweho.
• Kuva amaraso aturutse aho muganga yakoreshaga yinjiraga mu mitsi.
• Ubwandu.
• Gucika imbere mu mitsi.
• Arrhythmia (umutima utari umeze neza).
• Kuva amaraso bitewe n'umusemburo cyangwa kugenda uva aho uri.
• Guturika kw'ibihaha/guturika `(Pneumothorax)`.
• Hanyuma umutsi wo mu mara urongera ukagabanuka (Restenosis).
• Indwara y'umutima cyangwa guhagarara k'umutima.
• Indwara isa n'indwara yo mu bwonko.

Ibi bintu bishobora gutera ubwoba kubyumva. Ariko ibuka ko ibi bintu ari gake cyane. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira ibi byose.

Ese ngomba gufata imiti nyuma yo gushyirwaho stent?

Yego rwose. Muganga wawe azaguha imiti igabanya ubukana bw'amaraso . Iyi miti ikora mu kubuza uduce duto tw'amaraso, ari two turemangingo tw'amaraso, kwishyira hamwe kuri stent bigatuma amaraso acika. Iyo ubwo bwoko bw'amaraso buvutse, bushobora kongera kuziba imitsi y'amaraso.

Uzakenera gufata umuti nka asipirine ubuzima bwawe bwose, n'undi muti mu gihe cy'umwaka umwe cyangwa irenga. Ibi byitwa ubuvuzi bubiri burwanya udukoko two mu maraso (DAPT) kuko bukoresha ubwoko bubiri bw'imiti.

Abashakashatsi baracyakora ubushakashatsi ku gihe ugomba gufata uyu muti. Mu gihe abaganga baguha uyu muti, basuzuma ibintu byinshi, nk'imyaka yawe, igitsina, imibereho yawe, izindi ndwara, ndetse n'ubwoko bwa stent ufite.

Igikuru ni uko, ntugahagarike gufata uyu muti ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yose keretse muganga wawe abikubwiye. Kuwuhagarika bishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye.

Ushobora kumva udasanzwe kuba ufite ikintu cyakozwe mu buryo bw'ubukorano mu mubiri wawe. Ariko abaganga bamaze imyaka myinshi bakoresha stent, kandi amasosiyete azikora ahora azinoza. Iyo uzi byinshi kuri zo kandi ukabaza muganga wawe ibibazo, ushobora kugabanya ubwoba ufite bwo kuba ufite stent.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Stent ni igikoresho gito ariko gikomeye cyane gifasha mu gutuma imiyoboro ifunganye idafunguye, atari mu mutima gusa, ahubwo no mu bindi bice by'umubiri.

• Bituma amaraso atembera neza, bigabanya ibimenyetso, ndetse rimwe na rimwe bikanarokora ubuzima.
• Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa stent, kandi muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ubwoko bukubereye.
• Nubwo hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe, ni gake cyane. Inyungu ziraruta izo.
• Nyuma yo gushyirwaho stent, ni ngombwa cyane gufata umuti muganga wawe yakwandikiye neza kandi mu gihe cyose akubwira.

Rero, ndizera ko ubu usobanukiwe neza stent. Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose, ntutindiganye kubaza muganga wawe. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

` Stent, indwara y'umutima, kuziba kw'imitsi y'amaraso, angioplasty, cholesterol, imitsi, ubuzima bw'umutima