Iyo umuntu atubwiye ko afite ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko, duterwa ubwoba. Ikintu gikurikiraho dutekerezaho ni ukubaga ubwonko mu buryo bukomeye. Ariko, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ubumenyi bw’ubuvuzi, si ngombwa buri gihe gufungura umutwe no kubaga. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura bushobora kuvura ibibyimba bito n’ibindi bice by’ubwonko bifite ibibazo hakoreshejwe imirasire idasanzwe, nta gucibwamo.
Mu magambo make, Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) ni iki?
Nubwo izina ryayo rifite ijambo "kubaga" mu izina ryayo, ntabwo ari ukubaga gakondo ushobora gutekereza gukoresha icyuma cyangwa imikasi. Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) ni uburyo bugezweho bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imirasire. Mu by'ukuri, bisaba gukoresha imashini yihariye kugira ngo itange imirasire myinshi kandi mito cyane aho ikibyimba kiri mu bwonko.
Tekereza ko imirasire myinshi, nk'imirasire mito ya laser ituruka mu byerekezo bitandukanye, ihurira ahantu hamwe, ni ukuvuga aho ikibyimba giherereye. Hanyuma, mu gihe ikibyimba cyakira imirasire myinshi, kwangirika kw'imitsi myiza y'ubwonko ikikije ni gato. Iyi ni yo nyungu ikomeye y'ubu buryo bwo kuvura.
Nubwo izina rivuga 'kubagwa', mu by'ukuri nta gukata bibaho. Kubwibyo, ingaruka zo kubagwa bisanzwe ni nke cyane.
Ni ibihe bihe ubu buvuzi bukunze gukoreshwamo?
Niba ufite ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko, ariko bikaba ari ikibazo gikomeye kugikuraho ukoresheje uburyo busanzwe bwo kubaga, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bwa kanseri. Urugero, ikibyimba gishobora kuba kiri mu bwonko, cyangwa kikaba kiri hafi y'umuyoboro w'amaraso cyangwa imitsi y'amaraso. Muri ubwo buryo, ubu buryo bwo kuvura budakoresha imiti igabanya ubukana ni bwiza cyane. Hari igihe gikoreshwa no gusenya uturemangingo twa kanseri dusigaye nyuma yo kubagwa.
Abaganga bakoresha ubu buryo bwa SRS ku bibyimba bya kanseri n'ibitari kanseri (bitarwaye).
| Indwara zisanzwe zivurwa na SRS | |
|---|---|
| Neurima y'amajwi | Chordoma |
| Craniopharyngioma | Glioblastoma |
| Glioma | Hemangioblastoma |
| Meningioma | Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko bya metastatic (ibibyimba byakwirakwiriye mu bwonko bivuye kuri kanseri ahandi) |
| Pineoblastoma | Adenoma y'umuyoboro w'impyiko (ikibyimba cy'agahu k'impyiko) |
Byongeye kandi, ubu buryo bwa SRS bukoreshwa mu guhagarika ibyago byo kuva amaraso bitewe no gufungana kudasanzwe kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu bwonko (malformation y'imitsi ifungana), no guhagarika ibimenyetso by'ububabare kugera mu bwonko mu gihe cy'ububabare bukomeye bw'imitsi nka trigeminal neuralgia .
Hari igihe ubu buryo bukoreshwa no kuvura ibibyimba bitari mu bwonko. Urugero, ibibyimba byo mu mwijima, mu bihaha, cyangwa mu impyiko. Ibi byitwa Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) .
Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo kuvurwa?
Ikipe yawe y'abaganga izagutegura neza kuri ibi. Akenshi bazakora ibi bikurikira:
- Gusuzuma amateka yawe yose y'ubuvuzi.
- Gusobanura inzira yo kuvurwa n'icyo wakwitega mu buryo bushoboka.
- Kumenyesha abarwayi igihe cyo kureka kurya no kunywa mbere yo kuvurwa.
- Inama ku bijyanye no kuba wareka gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose mbere yo kuvurwa.
- Gutanga amabwiriza y'uko wakwitegura umunsi wo kuvurwa (urugero: kutiyambara imitako cyangwa kwisiga).
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?
Mu gihe cyo kuvurwa na SRS, uba uri mu cyumba kirimo imashini. Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe riba riri mu cyumba cyihariye kandi rigenzura imashini rikoresheje mudasobwa. Kubera ko ecran ya mudasobwa igaragaza neza aho kanseri yo mu bwonko bwawe iri, bashobora kwerekeza imirasire neza ku kintu cyayo.
Uburyo bwo kuvurwa bushobora gutandukana gato bitewe n'ubwoko bw'imashini ikoreshwa. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi.
| Ubwoko bw'imashini ya SRS | Uko bibaho |
|---|---|
| Gamma Knife® | Uzaryama ku buriri bwihariye kandi wambare agapfukamunwa kadasanzwe kugira ngo umutwe wawe ugume utuje. Hanyuma igitanda kizajya mu mashini (igice cy'umutwe gusa). Imashini izayobora imirasire kuri iki kibyimba. |
| Umuvuduko w'Ingufu (LINAC) | Muri ubu buryo, uzaryama ku buriri bufite icyuma gikingira umutwe kugira ngo umutwe wawe ugume uhagaze. Ukuboko gufatanye n'imashini kuzazenguruka mu buryo bw'imirasire, yerekeza imirasire kuri iki kibyimba. Ubwo bwoko rimwe na rimwe bwitwa Cyberknife® . |
| Ubuvuzi bwa Protoni | Ubu ni uburyo bushya kandi budasanzwe aho umurasire w'uduce twa proton dufite ingufu nyinshi ugezwa kuri iki kibyimba. |
Intambwe zo kuvurwa
1. Ibisobanuro: Bakwereka ko ushobora kuvugana n'itsinda ry'abaganga igihe icyo ari cyo cyose ukoresheje sisitemu ya intercom.
2. Gushyiramo: Uzashyirwa ku buriri ugashyirwa mu gipfundikizo cy'umutwe (igipfundikizo cyangwa agapfukamunwa). Ni ngombwa kuguma uhagaze kugira ngo wirinde ko ingirabuzima zuzura imirasire.
3. Gupima: Gupima inshuro nyinshi, nka MRI na CT scans , bikorerwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza aho ikibyimba kiri.
4. Gutegura uburyo bwo kuvura: Hashingiwe kuri ibi bisubizo bya scan, itsinda ry’abaganga rikoresha mudasobwa kugira ngo bategure neza uburyo imirasire y’imirasire igomba gutangwa. Banafata icyemezo cyo gutanga dose nyinshi icyarimwe cyangwa kuyitanga mu rugero ruto mu minsi myinshi.
5. Kuvura: Imashini izatanga ubuvuzi nk'uko byari biteganyijwe. Muri iki gihe nta bubabare uzumva. Ariko, ushobora kumva urusaku mu gihe imashini ikora.
Ubusanzwe, iki gikorwa cyose gishobora gufata amasaha 1-4.
Bigenda bite nyuma yo kuvurwa?
Abantu benshi bashobora gutaha nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ariko, hari igihe ushobora kumara amasaha make mu bitaro kugira ngo urebe niba nta ngaruka mbi zabyo. Ingaruka mbi zikunze kugaragara zirimo:
- Umunaniro
- Umutwe
- Isesemi no kuruka
- Gutakaza umusatsi (aho wavurirwa)
- Impinduka z'uruhu
Ibi bimenyetso akenshi bishira mu minsi mike cyangwa ibyumweru bibiri cyangwa bitatu. Iyo umusatsi utakaye, uzongera gukura mu mezi abiri cyangwa atatu. Muganga wawe azaguha imiti igufasha guhangana n'ibi bimenyetso.
Bazakubwira ko ugaruka mu kwezi kumwe kugira ngo barebe uko umeze. Nyuma y'amezi make, bazakora ikindi gipimo kugira ngo barebe ibyabaye kuri iki kibyimba. Ibibyimba bya kanseri biragabanuka mu mezi make. Bishobora gufata umwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri kugira ngo urebe itandukaniro mu bibyimba bitari kanseri.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Niba hari ibimenyetso bidasanzwe bikomeje cyangwa hakagaragara ibindi bishya nyuma yo kuvurwa, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe. Hari igihe indwara nko kubyimba ubwonko zishobora kubaho. Imiti nka corticosteroids ishobora kwandikirwa kuri ibi. Nanone, imiti yo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe n'iyo mu kazi ishobora kwandikirwa uko bikenewe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kubaga hakoreshejwe imirasire ya stereotactic (SRS) si uburyo busanzwe bwo kubaga. Ni uburyo bugezweho bwo kuvura ibibyimba byo mu bwonko hakoreshejwe imirasire yihariye cyane nta gukata.
- Ubu buryo butera kwangirika guke cyane ku ngingo z’ubwonko zizima, bityo ingaruka mbi n’ingaruka mbi ni bike ugereranije no kubagwa bisanzwe.
- Nta bubabare bugaragara mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Kenshi na kenshi, ubuvuzi burangira mu munsi umwe hanyuma ugataha.
- Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba kandi uhangayikishijwe n'ubu buryo bwo kuvura. Vugana na muganga wawe nta guhisha ku bibazo cyangwa impungenge ushobora kuba ufite. Azagusobanurira byose kandi aguhe ihumure ryo mu mutwe ukeneye.
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