Ese umwana wawe akomeje gukora ibintu bimwe? Reka twige kuri (Indwara yo Guhindagurika kw'Imiterere)!

Birashoboka ko wigeze ubona abana bato, wenda umwana wawe, bazunguza amaboko, bazunguza imitwe, cyangwa bazunguza imibiri yabo muri ubwo buryo. Ese ibi ni ibikinisho gusa, cyangwa ni ikimenyetso cy'ikintu twagombye guhangayikishwa na cyo? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri izi ngendo zisubiramo, cyane cyane indwara yitwa Stereotypic Movement Disorder (SMD) . Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye ushobora gusobanukirwa.

`(Indwara yo Guhindagurika kw'Imiterere)` ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara yo kwitwara nk'umuntu umwe ni indwara umwana ahora akora ingendo zisubiramo kandi zisubiramo nta mpamvu isobanutse neza afite . Tekereza nko gukubita umutwe, kunyeganyega umubiri, nibindi. Izi ngendo zishobora kubangamira ibikorwa bisanzwe by'umwana kandi rimwe na rimwe zishobora kwangiza umubiri.

Dukurikije amabwiriza akoreshwa n'abaganga mu gusuzuma iyi ndwara, Igitabo cy'Isuzuma n'Ibarurishamibare ry'Indwara zo mu Mutwe (DSM-5), iyi ngendo yitwa "SMD" iyo idashobora gusobanurwa n'indi ndwara cyangwa imiti.

Ubusanzwe iyi ndwara itangira umuntu atarageza ku myaka 3 , kandi rimwe na rimwe ishobora gukomeza kugeza umuntu akuze.

`(Motor stereotypies)` bisobanura iki? Ese ibi bitandukanye na `(SMD)`?

Yego, hari itandukaniro rito hagati y’ibyo byombi. Mbere yuko tugera kuri `(SMD)`, reka dusobanukirwe icyo `(Motor Stereotypies)` bisobanura. `(Motor Stereotypies)` bivuga iyo ngendo, ni ukuvuga ibimenyetso. `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)` bivuga iyo ngendo, ni ukuvuga indwara.

Abaganga bagabanya "Motor stereotypes" mo ubwoko bubiri:

• Ingeso zoroshye zo mu mubiri: Ibi birakunze kugaragara cyane. Bishobora kugaragara ku bana bato ndetse no ku bantu bakuru. Urugero, konka igikumwe, gukorakora ku maguru, kuzunguza umusatsi, no kurumana inzara. Izi ngendo zoroshye akenshi ntizibangamira imirimo ya buri munsi cyangwa ngo ziteze akababaro gakomeye. Ibi si ibintu dukora gusa tukiri bato, ahubwo rimwe na rimwe no mu gihe tugenda dukura.

• Imiterere y’imikorere y’umubiri igoye: Iyi ni imigendere igoye kandi isubiramo. Urugero, gukubita amaboko, kunyeganyega umubiri, no gusubiramo imigendere y’umunwa n’isura. Iyi migendere igoye ikunze gutangira umuntu atarageza ku myaka 3 , rimwe na rimwe igakomeza kugeza ku bwangavu, kandi ishobora gukomeza kugeza ku bukuru. Ishobora kubangamira imirimo ya buri munsi kandi ishobora kwangiza umubiri. Iyi miterere igoye ikunze kugaragara muri SMD.

Hanyuma, ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa ``Motor stereotypies'' bugabanyijemo ubwoko bubiri:

• Imyitwarire y'ibanze mu mikorere y'umubiri: Ibi bibaho nta mpamvu ifatika, ni ukuvuga ko nta yindi ndwara y'imitsi.

• Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi by'imodoka:Ibi bishobora kubaho nk'igice cy'indi ndwara. Urugero, umwana ufite indwara yitwa "Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)" cyangwa "Delay developmental" ashobora kugira izi ngendo.

Mu magambo make, iyo umwana ufite `(ASD)` akora ubwoko nk'ubu bw'ingendo, abaganga babona ko ari kimwe mu bigize `(ASD)` ubwayo. Bamwe banabyita `(stimming)`. Kwitwa `(SMD)`, nta yindi mpamvu igaragara (indi ndwara) ishobora gutera izi ngendo.

Indwara yo kwitwara nk'abantu basanzwe ikunze kugaragara gute?

Abashakashatsi ntibazi neza uburyo indwara ya SMD ikunze kugaragara, ariko muri rusange ifatwa nk'indwara idakunze kugaragara . Ariko, hari amakuru amwe n'amwe ku birebana n'imiterere y'imodoka.

Imyitwarire y’imitsi igoye ikunze kugaragara. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko igira ingaruka hagati ya 3% na 4% by’abana. Ariko, uyu mubare uri hejuru ku bana bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe. Urugero, 61% by’abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mikurire na 88% by’abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (ASD) bashobora kugira iyi mikorere igoye.

Ariko, ibitekerezo byoroheje ku mikorere y'umubiri birakunze kugaragara cyane. Bishobora kugira ingaruka hagati ya 20% na 70% by'abana basanzwe bakura. Ibi bivuze ko badateye ubwoba nkuko ushobora kubitekereza.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `(Indwara yo Guhindagurika kw'Imiterere)`?

Umwana urwaye SMD ashobora kugira ibitekerezo by’imitsi bishobora kubangamira imirimo ya buri munsi cyangwa bigatera imvune ku mubiri. Ingero zimwe ni izi:

• Gukubita amaboko
• Kunyeganyega k'umubiri
• Gukubita umutwe
• Gukomeza gukora urutoki cyangwa ukuboko
• Gukora ubwoko bumwe bw'imigendere y'umunwa n'isura (imigendere y'amaso)
• Kwikubita, kwiyahura, no kwiruma.
• Kuruma inzara cyane

Izi myitwarire zikunze kugaragara cyane mu bihe nk'ibi:

• Iyo stress yiyongera
• Iyo habayeho guhangayika
• Iyo wishimye cyane (ibyishimo)
• Iyo wibanda cyane ku kintu runaka (kwibanda ku kintu runaka)
• Iyo wumva urambiwe `(irungu)`

Ariko, iyo kwita ku bintu bihindukiye, iyi myitwarire ikunze kugabanuka cyangwa ikabura burundu.

Abana barwaye SMD bakunze kuvuga ko bumva bishimye kandi "bameze neza" iyo bakoze izi ngendo. Ibi bitandukanye n'indwara nka Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Muri OCD, izo ngendo zikorwa kugira ngo zibatange ibitekerezo bibabaza. Ariko, niba ugerageje kubuza umwana urwaye SMD gukora izo ngendo, ashobora kurakara, kurakara cyangwa kurakara .

Ni izihe mpamvu za `(Indwara yo Guhindagurika kw'Imiterere)`?

Abashakashatsi ntibaramenya impamvu nyayo itera indwara yo kwitwara nk'abantu mu buryo bwa stereotypic. Iyi mikorere isubiramo ntabwo ifitanye isano n'izindi ndwara z'imitsi cyangwa indwara y'imitsi.

Ariko muri rusange, abashakashatsi batekereza ko izi "Motor stereotypies" zishobora guterwa n'impinduka mu kuringaniza kwa shimi zimwe na zimwe mu bwonko, twita "neurotransmitters", urugero "dopamine" ", "acetylcholine" na "GABA" .

Bigaragara ko hari isano iri hagati y’uturemangingo n’iyi ndwara igoye cyane (Motor stereotypies). Ibi bivuze ko umwana ufite iyi ndwara aba afite amahirwe menshi yo kugira umuntu wo mu muryango we wa hafi (murumuna we, mushiki we, cyangwa umubyeyi we). Ariko, nta gene yihariye iramenyekana kugeza ubu.

Ni gute wasuzuma `(Indwara yo Guhindagurika kw'Imiterere)`?

Kugira ngo umuganga amenye umwana wawe indwara ya SMD (SMD), ibi byose bigomba kuba byujuje :

• Izi ngendo zisubiramo zigomba kumara nibura ibyumweru bine .
• Izi ngendo zigomba kubangamira imibanire y'umwana n'abandi, imirimo ye y'ishuri, n'ibikorwa bye bya buri munsi, bitabaye ibyo umwana agomba kwiyangiza.
• Nta yindi mpamvu y'ubuvuzi ishobora kubaho kuri izi ngendo.

Ubwa mbere, muganga w'umwana wawe azagusuzuma umubiri maze akubaze amateka y'ubuzima bw'umwana wawe. Bazanakubaza ibimenyetso by'umwana wawe, urugero:

• Iyi gahunda yatangiye ryari?
• Ibi bintu bibaho kangahe?
• Ese ibi byiyongereye bitewe n'imimerere cyangwa ibidukikije bimwe na bimwe?
• Ni gute ibi bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa bya buri munsi by'umwana?

Ni ngombwa kandi gukuraho izindi ndwara zisanzwe zishobora gutera iyi miterere y’imitsi igoye, nka Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Ibi bishobora gusaba isuzuma n’ibizamini bitandukanye.

Muganga w'umwana wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gupima bimwe na bimwe, urugero nk'ibipimo by'amaraso, kugira ngo barebe niba hari impamvu y'umubiri itera ibyo bikorwa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura `(Indwara yo Guhindagurika kw'Imiterere)`?

Akenshi, nta buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura indwara yo kwitwara nabi kw'abantu. Ariko, niba umwana wawe akeneye ubufasha bwo kugabanya ubwo buryo bwo kwitwara nabi, cyangwa niba yigirira nabi kubera iyo myitwarire, uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa Habit Reversal Training (HRT) bushobora kugira akamaro kanini. Ibi bishobora gufasha kugabanya ubukana bw'uburyo bwo kwitwara nabi n'inshuro bukunze kubaho.

Mu buryo bwitwa `(HRT)`, umwana amenyerezwa kumenya ibimenyetso iyo ibyo bikorwa bigiye gutangira no gukora indi myitwarire. Umwana yiga kugenzura imyitwarire ye akoresheje ubu buryo. Mu ishuri no mu rugo, umwarimu w'umwana hamwe nawe mushobora guhagarika iyo myitwarire no kurangaza umwana mukimara kuyibona.

Niba umwana wawe arimo kwiyangiza kubera izi "Motor stereotypes" (urugero, kwikubita umutwe cyangwa kwiyahura), ingamba zidasanzwe zishobora gukenerwa kugira ngo zimurinde. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo kwambara "ingofero" cyangwa kwambara uturindantoki kugira ngo bigabanye kwiyahura. Ushobora kubaza muganga w'umwana wawe cyangwa "Occupational Therapist" ku buryo bwihariye bukwiriye imyitwarire y'umwana wawe.

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora gufasha mu kugenzura imiterere y'imitsi mu bana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe n'izindi ndwara z'imitsi. Ariko, nta bushakashatsi bwerekana ko iyi miti ifasha mu ndwara y'imitsi isanzwe.

Niba umwana wanjye afite `(Stereotypic Movement Disorder)`, ni iki nkwiye kwitega?

Imyitwarire ya `(SMD)` ikunze gukomeza kugeza mu bwana no mu bukure. Wibuke ko igihe cyose umwana atari kwiyangiza, iyo myitwarire ntabwo ari mibi. Birashoboka ko ubu ari uburyo bwe bwo kwitwara ku isi. Yego, bishobora kuba bitandukanye n'iby'abandi. Ariko ntabwo ari 'ibibi'.

Niba umwana wawe akeneye ubufasha muri izi ngendo, reba muganga we cyangwa umuvuzi w’indwara z’umubiri. Guha umwana wawe ijambo mu byemezo bijyanye no kwita ku buzima bwe bishobora kumufasha kumva afite ububasha ku mubiri we kandi bikagira ingaruka nziza ku buzima bwe bwo mu mutwe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga w'umwana wanjye?

Niba umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo kwitwara nabi mu buryo bw’imitekerereze, byaba byiza ubajije muganga ibibazo nk'ibi:

• "Kuki, Muganga/Madamu, umwana wanjye afite iyi `(Indwara yo Guhindagurika kw'Imiterere)`?"
• "Twamenya dute ko umwana wanjye afite iyi ndwara atari indi?"
• "Ese hari ibindi bimenyetso ngomba kwitondera?"
• "Nafasha nte umwana wanjye ufite ikibazo cyo kwitwara nabi mu buryo bw'imitekerereze?"
• "Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'inzobere bushobora gufasha umwana wanjye?"

Ese indwara yo kwimuka kw'abantu ku buryo budasanzwe (stereotypic movement disorder) ishobora kwirindwa?

Kubera ko impamvu nyayo ya Stereotypic Movement Disorder itazwi, ntabwo ishobora kwirindwa.

Nk'umubyeyi, ni ibisanzwe kumva uhangayitse iyo ubonye impinduka ntoya mu myitwarire y'umwana wawe. 'SMD' ni uburyo bwo gushyira mu byiciro ingendo nk'izi zisubiramo kandi zidafite intego. Umwana wawe ashobora gukenera ubufasha cyangwa ntabukeneye. Ariko, icy'ingenzi ni ugushyigikira umwana wawe. Ushobora kandi kubona ubufasha buturutse kwa muganga w'umwana wawe. Ntutinye kubaza ibibazo no gusangira ibitekerezo byawe. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe.

Ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho, dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ugomba kuzirikana mu byo twavuze:

• Indwara yo Kugenda mu Mutwe (SMD) ni indwara aho habaho ingendo zisubiramo zikorwa mu buryo bumwe nta ntego isobanutse neza.
• Si ko ibyo bikorwa byose ari bikomeye. "Ibitekerezo byoroheje by'imitsi" ni ibisanzwe.
• Niba izi ngendo zibangamira ubuzima bw'umwana bwa buri munsi, niba zimugirira nabi, cyangwa niba umwana arwaye ibi, shaka inama kwa muganga.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire nka "Habit Reversal Training (HRT)" bushobora gufasha mu kugenzura iyi ndwara.
• Igikuru ni ukumenya umwana, kumuha urukundo no kumushyigikira, no kwemera iyo mikorere nk'imwe mu bigize we.

Niba ufite ibindi bibazo kuri ibi, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga w'umuryango wawe cyangwa umuganga w'abana.

Indwara yo kwitwara nk'abantu basanzwe, kwitwara nk'abantu basanzwe, kwitwara nk'abantu basanzwe, autism, ASD, ibibazo by'imyitwarire, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw'umwana, kwiyangiza