Igicuri cy'inyuma cy'indwara y'igicuri? - Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye!

Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva udasanzwe? Tekereza, ahantu uri uhasanga wumva uhamenyereye, ariko ni ahantu hashya. Cyangwa wumva hari ikintu kirimo kuzamuka mu nda yawe, cyangwa wumva ufite ubwoba cyangwa impungenge mu buryo butunguranye? Wenda utakaza ubwenge kandi ukagira ikibazo cyo kurwara ibi bintu. Niba ibi bintu byarakubayeho cyangwa byakubayeho ku muntu uzi, ni ngombwa cyane kumenya indwara tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi yitwa 'Temporal Lobe Epilepsy'.

Igicuri cy'igicuri cy'igihe gito (Temporal Lobe Epilepsy) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, igicuri cy’igihe gito ni ubwoko bw’igicuri. Muri iki gihe, igicuri gitangira mu gice cy’ubwonko bwawe cyitwa temporal lobe. Ipfupfu ni igihe hari ikibazo mu mikorere y’amashanyarazi mu bwonko. Tekereza nk’uruziga rugufi mu ruziga rw’amashanyarazi.

Twese dufite "uduce duto" tubiri ku mpande zombi z'ubwonko bwacu, kuva imbere y'amatwi yacu kugeza inyuma. Iyi "duce ​​duto" ni yo idufasha gusobanukirwa isi ituzengurutse. Ni:

• Komeza kwibuka.
• Menya amajwi
• Ku bintu bifitanye isano n'icyerekezo
• Sobanukirwa ururimi n'ikiganiro

Uretse ibi, ibintu bimwe na bimwe dukora tutabizi, nko gusonza, inyota, ibyo dukora iyo dutinye mu buryo butunguranye (guhangana cyangwa guhunga), amarangamutima yacu, n'irari ry'imibonano mpuzabitsina, nabyo bigengwa n'iyi 'ngobyi y'igihe gito'.

Indwara y'igicuri cy'igihe gito ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane, itangirira mu gace kamwe k'ubwonko. Ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni igicuri. Muganga ashobora kugufasha guhangana n'iyi ndwara.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'igicuri cy'ibumoso n'icy'iburyo?

Utunyangingo tw’ubwonko twombi tw’ibumoso n’iburyo tugenzura ibintu byinshi, harimo kwibuka, kumva, kureba no kuvuga. Ariko, iyi mikorere ishobora kugira ingaruka bitewe n’uruhande ifata.

Ku bantu benshi, cyane cyane niba ukoresha ukuboko kw'iburyo, igice cy'ibumoso ni cyo cyiganje. Abantu barwaye igicuri cy'ibumoso bashobora kugorwa no kwita ibintu amazina, kugorwa no kubona amagambo akwiye, ndetse n'impinduka mu byiyumvo uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Abantu barwaye igicuri cy’ubwonko bw’iburyo muri rusange bagira impinduka nke mu kwibuka mu gihe kirekire. Ariko, bashobora no kugira ingorane zo kwibuka amakuru atari ayo mu magambo, cyane cyane amashusho, n’impinduka mu byiyumvo.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'indwara y'igicuri ifata umwanya mu mubiri (temporal lobe epilepsy)?

Yego, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa 'epilepsy' ya "temporal lobe":

1. Igicuri cya Mesial Temporal Lobe (MTLE):"Mesial" bivuze hagati. Muri iki gihe, gukubita bitangirira mu gice cy'ubwonko cyitwa hippocampus cyangwa hafi yacyo. Iki ni igice cy'ubwonko cyitwa hippocampus kiri hagati y'uturemangingo twombi tw'igihe. Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa TLE bukunze kugaragara cyane. Hipokampsikopi ni igice cy'ubwonko gifitanye isano cyane n'ibyibuka byacu.

2. Indwara yo mu gice cy'inyuma cy'ubwonko cyangwa mu gice cy'inyuma cy'ubwonko: Muri ibi, indwara zo mu bwonko zitangirira mu gice cy'inyuma cy'ubwonko bwawe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso by'igicuri cy'igihe gito birimo kumva ikintu kidasanzwe kibaho mbere yo gufatwa n'igicuri, cyitwa aura y'igicuri, ndetse n'icyorezo ubwacyo.

Ibintu ushobora guhura na byo mu gihe cy'indwara y'igicuri:

• `Déjà vu`: Iyi ni imitekerereze isanzwe iza iyo ugiye ahantu utigeze ugera, nko kuvuga ngo "Nari narigeze kuba hano mbere." Cyangwa, kwibuka wumva ko hari ikintu cyabaye mbere kirimo kongera kubaho.
• `Jamais vu`: Ibi ni ibinyuranye na `déjà vu`. Ni igihe ikintu umenyereye cyane (urugero, icyumba cyo mu nzu yawe) gitunguranye kikumva kidasanzwe kandi kitamenyerewe.
• Gutungurwa n'ubwoba, guhangayika, cyangwa guhangayika; cyangwa uburakari, agahinda, cyangwa ibyishimo.
• Ukumva umeze nk'aho inda irimo kuzamuka imbere (nk'uko wumva umeze iyo uri kuri roller coaster).
• Ubushobozi bwo kumva ibintu (nk'uko wumva, ubona, uhumura, uryoherwa, cyangwa ukora ku bintu cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe).

Si buri wese uhura n'iyi 'aura'. Mu by'ukuri 'aura' ni 'focal-aware seizure'. Ibyo bivuze ko iyo ibi bimenyetso bigaragaye, uba uzi ibiri kuba kandi uzi ibiri kuba. Ibi bishobora kumara amasegonda make kugeza ku minota ibiri.

Izindi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu gihe cy'igicuri:

Ibimenyetso bikurikira bishobora kugaragara nyuma y'aura:

• Gutakaza ubwenge.
• Isura igaragara ubusa.
• Kwaguka kw'amaso y'amaso.
• Gusubiramo ikintu kimwe nta shingiro bifite (automatisms). Urugero, kwigira nk'aho ufata ikintu n'intoki zawe, guhumbya amaso, kwiruka iminwa yawe, kwigira nk'aho uhekenya ikintu, kumira.
• Urujijo.
• Kudashobora kuvuga cyangwa kumva ibivugwa igihe gito (aphasia).
• Umubiri urakomeye kandi uratera cyane.

Ni iki gitera igicuri cyo mu gice cy'imbere cy'umubiri (temporal lobe epilepsy)?

Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni uko uturemangingo tw’imitsi, cyangwa neuron, mu gice cyawe cy’umubiri tuba tudahuza neza. Uturemangingo ni two twohereza ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi mu bice bitandukanye by’ubwonko. Iyo ugize igicuri, utwo turemangingo twohereza ibimenyetso byinshi cyane nta kugenzura.

Izi ni zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi zitera igicuri cyo mu gice cy'imbere cy'umugongo:

• Hippocampal sclerosis: Ibi ni ukwangirika no gutakaza uturemangingo tw’ubwonko n’uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo muri hippocampus.
• Dysplasia ya cortical: Kwishyira hamwe kudasanzwe kw'imitsi mu bwonko.
• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko.
• Ihungabana ry'ubwonko (TBI).
• Indwara: Ingero zirimo uburibwe bwo mu bwonko, meningite, na encephalitis.
• Indwara zijyanye n'imitsi y'amaraso: Urugero, `stroke`, `ubumuga bw'imitsi itera amaraso mu mitsi (AVMs)`.
• Ubwoko bw'uturemangingo.
• Impamvu zitazwi.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira iyi ndwara?

Iyi ndwara, yitwa `TLE`, ishobora kugaragara mu myaka iyo ari yo yose. Ariko, ushobora kuba uri mu kaga gakomeye niba:

• Niba warigeze kugira ikibazo cy'ubushyuhe ukiri umwana.
• Niba waragize isereri imara iminota irenga itanu, cyangwa niba waragize isereri inshuro nyinshi zikurikiranye utakongera kugarura ubwenge (status epilepticus).
• Niba ufite indwara cyangwa indwara wavukanye nka kanseri yo mu bwonko.
• Niba warigeze kugira igikomere gikomeye mu mutwe (TBI) cyangwa indwara zo mu bwonko ukiri umwana.
• Iyo hari umuntu wo mu muryango ufite igicuri cy’igihe gito (amateka y’umuryango).

Abantu bagera kuri bibiri bya gatatu bafite `TLE` bagiye bagira `ibicurane` mu bwana bwabo. Byinshi muri byo biragoye (bivuze ko bimara igihe kirekire). Ariko, ibuka ko atari buri wese wagize `ibicurane` azarwara `TLE`. Ni gake cyane.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'igicuri cy'igihe gito (temporal lobe epilepsy)?

Ukoresheje TLE, uba uri mu kaga ko kugabanuka burundu kw'ubwonko. Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kugorwa no kwiga ibintu bishya, kwibuka ibintu, gufata ibyemezo no kwibanda ku byo ushaka.

Uko ukunze kugira ibisebe, kandi uko umara igihe kirekire ubyifatamo, niko ibyago byo kugira ibi bikurikira byiyongera:

• Ihungabana
• Guhangayika
• Gutakaza kwibuka
• Urupfu rutunguranye mu gihe cy'igicuri (SUDEP)

Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga no kuvurwa neza na `TLE`. Ibi bizafasha kwirinda ingorane nk'izi.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara?

Umuganga asuzuma indwara y'igicuri mu gice cy'umubiri (temporal lobe epilepsy) amubaza ibimenyetso byawe, amenye uko indwara y'igicuri yatangiye, akore isuzuma ry'imitsi, kandi akore ibizamini byose bikenewe. Muganga azakubaza kandi ibyabaye mbere na nyuma y'indwara. Azanasuzuma amateka y'ubuzima bwawe.

Ushobora kuba utibuka ibyabaye mu gihe cy'icyorezo. Niba ari uko bimeze, ni byiza kuzana umuntu wari kumwe nawe igihe icyorezo cyabaga kwa muganga. Hanyuma bashobora kubwira muganga ibyo babonye.

Ibizamini bishobora gufasha muganga wawe kumenya ibirimo kuba mu bwonko bwawe. Ibizamini nk'ibi bishobora gukorwa:

• Isuzuma rya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Fata ishusho y'ubwonko neza.
• Ikizamini cya `EEG (Electroencephalogram)` cyangwa `video-EEG`: Reba imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko.
• Ikizamini cyo gupima `SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography)`.
• Isuzuma rya `PET (Positron Emission Tomography)`.
• Ikizamini cya `MEG (MEG - Magnetoencephalography)`.
• Gupima indwara z'ubwonko: Reba uko ibintu nk'ubwitonzi n'uburyo umuntu yitabwaho bimeze.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura igicuri cyo mu gice cy'imbere cy'umubiri (temporal lobe epilepsy)?

Ibi bikurikira bishobora gukorwa nk'uburyo bwo kuvura igicuri cyo mu gice cy'imbere cy'umubiri:

• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara.
• Kubagwa kw'igicuri.
• Gukangura ubwonko.

Byongeye kandi, muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo guhindura imirire yawe, urugero nk'indyo ya ketogenic. Iyi ni indyo irimo ibinure byinshi kandi irimo karubohidrati nke.

Imiti ivura igicuri cy'igihe gito

Hari imiti myinshi ivura indwara zo mu mutwe zifata igihe. Ingero zimwe ni izi:

• `Brivaracetam`
• `Cenobamate`
• 'Carbamazepine'
• `Gabapentin`
• `Lamotrigine`
• 'Lacosamide'
• 'Levetiracetam'
• 'Oxcarbazepine'
• `Pregabalin`
• 'Rufinamide'
• Topiramate
• `Valproate`
• 'Zonisamide'

Muganga wawe azagerageza umuti umwe cyangwa myinshi, mu bipimo bitandukanye, kugira ngo ashake uwukubereye.

Icy'ingenzi: Imiti imwe n'imwe yo gupfusha ishobora kwangiza umwana mu gihe atwite. Rero, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe niba utwite cyangwa uteganya gutwita.

Kubagwa kw'igicuri cy'inyuma cy'umutwe

Niba indwara zo mu mutwe zidashobora kugenzurwa n'imiti, cyangwa niba izi ndwara ziterwa n'ikintu nk'ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko, muganga ashobora gutekereza kubagwa.

Kubaga igice cy’agace k’ubwonko (temporal lobectome) ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Ariko, kubera ko agace k’ubwonko gagenzura imirimo myinshi y’ingenzi, umuganga w’imitsi ateganya kubaga neza cyane kugira ngo agabanye ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwonko.

Uburyo bubiri budatera indwara ni ugukoresha radiosurgery ya stereotactic na laser ablation . Ubu buryo bukoresha laser beams cyangwa imirasire kugira ngo busenye uturemangingo tw’imitsi cyangwa ingirabuzimafatizo mu gice cy’inyuma cy’umubiri aho indwara zifata inshinge zitangirira.

Gukangura imitsi mu gihe cy'igicuri cy'igihe gito

Niba imiti idakora, cyangwa niba kubagwa bitari byiza, ushobora gutekereza ku bikoresho byo gukangura ubwonko. Ibi bikubiyemo kohereza impulses z'amashanyarazi ku gice cyawe cy'umubiri binyuze mu gikoresho cyashyizwe mu mubiri wawe. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kugabanya buhoro buhoro umubare w'indwara zo mu mutwe uhura nazo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa kuri TLE ni:

• `Gukangura imitsi yo mu nda y'umura (VNS)`
• `Gutera imbaraga ubwonko bukora neza (RNS)`
• `Gukangura ubwonko bwimbitse (DBS)`

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibyiringiro ushobora kugira mu gihe ubayeho muri iki kibazo?

Uko imimerere yawe izamera biterwa n'ibintu nk'ibi:

• Urwara indwara y'igicuri kangahe?
• Umaze igihe kingana iki urwaye iyi ndwara?
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.
• Niba ingorane zidasubirwaho zaratangiye.

Abantu benshi bashobora kugenzura neza indwara zo mu mutwe bakoresheje imiti. Hari n'abavuga ko indwara zo mu mutwe zashize burundu nyuma yo kubagwa. Ariko, ibi biratandukanye cyane bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Muganga wawe ashobora kuguha ibisobanuro nyabyo ku bijyanye n'uko umerewe.

Ni ibihe bihe byiza byo kujya kwa muganga?

Niba warigeze kugira isereri, cyangwa utekereza ko ushobora kuba waragize isereri, ugomba kujya kwa muganga.

Niba waramaze gufatwa n'indwara y'igicuri ifata igihe kinini (temporal lobe epilepsy), hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya niba uhuye n'ibi bikurikira:

• Niba isereri yawe imara igihe kirenze iminota itanu.
• Iyo habayeho ikindi gisebe, icyorezo cya mbere kikimara kurangira.
• Iyo inshuro n'ubukana bw'indwara z'igicuri byiyongera.
• Iyo habayeho ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa ingaruka mbi z'imiti.
• Iyo gukira nyuma yo gukubita birangiye buhoro kurusha uko bisanzwe, cyangwa iyo gukira bitarangiye.

Ibibazo by'ingenzi ugomba kubaza muganga wawe

Niba ufite 'TLE', ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi ungira inama yo kunkorera?
• Ese hari ingaruka mbi zikomoka ku buvuzi?
• Ese uyu muti wo kurwanya ifatwa ry'icyorezo ufite umutekano niba nizeye gushinga umuryango?
• Ese nshobora kubagwa igicuri?

Ushobora kutamenya akamaro k'uturemangingo tw'umubiri wawe kugeza igihe duhagaritse gukora neza 100%. Indwara y'igicuri (TLE) ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere yayo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ariko, muganga ashobora kugufasha guhangana n'indwara z'igicuri no gukumira ingorane.

Uburyo bwo kuvura TLE ni umwihariko kuri wowe. Ushobora kugerageza imiti itandukanye n'ingano zitandukanye kugeza ubonye igukwiriye. Hari igihe imiti idakora kandi kubagwa bishobora kuba amahitamo meza.

Guhangana n'indwara y'igicuri bishobora kugorana. Ariko, ushobora kubona ubufasha bw'inyongera mu matsinda y'abaterankunga cyangwa ukavugana n'inzobere mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe . Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rizaba riri kumwe nawe kugira ngo rigusubize ibibazo byose ushobora kuba ufite mu rugendo.

Ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwo kujyana mu rugo

Nshuti yanjye, indwara y'igicuri cy'igihe gito si ikintu cyo gutinya, ariko nanone si ikintu cyo kwirengagiza.

Wibuke ko ushobora kwihanganira iki kibazo neza. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga witonze kandi ugahabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye.

• Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibi bimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga.
• Fata imiti wanditswe nawe neza neza, ku gihe. Ntugahagarike gufata imiti yawe utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.
• Niba muganga wawe akugira inama yo guhindura imibereho yawe (urugero: indyo ya ketogenic), gerageza kubikurikiza.
• Komeza ukomere mu mutwe. Niba bibaye ngombwa, shaka inama. Ntabwo uri wenyine.
• Ni byiza kumenyesha umuryango wawe n'inshuti zawe iby'iki kibazo. Hanyuma bashobora kugufasha.

Twizeye ko aya makuru azaba ingirakamaro kuri wewe. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

` Indwara y'igicuri cyo mu gihe cy'impagarara, igicuri, icyorezo, indwara z'ubwonko, indwara z'imitsi, igicuri cyo mu gihe cy'impagarara, icyorezo