Ese valve y'umutima wawe ifite agahu kamwe? (Valve ya Aortic ya Unicuspid) - Reka tuvuge kuri ibi!

Hari igihe twumva tuti 'Oh, umwana wanjye afite ikibazo gito cy'umutima, yavutse afite umutima uvuza uburibwe'? Cyangwa, iyo umuntu ukiri muto afite ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyangwa ububabare mu gituza, abaganga bavuga bati 'Hari ikibazo gito cy'umutima ufunganye.' Uko ni ko tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara y'umutima idakunze kugaragara, ariko ni ingenzi cyane kuyimenya.

Iyi valve imwe y'aortike (`Unicuspid Aortike Valve`) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, agace k'umutima ka aorta gafite agapapuro kamwe gusa aho kuba gatatu gasanzwe gafite. Ijambo "unicuspid" risobanura "agapapuro kamwe." Tekereza nk'urugi rufite ingufuri imwe gusa aho kuba ebyiri.

Utu dupapuro tumeze nk'inzugi nto. Turakingura kandi tugafunga kugira ngo amaraso meza kandi akize kuri ogisijeni ashobore kuva mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'umutima - icyumba cy'ibumoso kiri hepfo y'umutima - ajye mu gice cy'umutima . Hanyuma, icyo gice cy'umutima gitanga amaraso mu mubiri wose. Rero, iyo umubare w'udupapuro muri uyu muyoboro ugabanutse, hashobora kubaho imbogamizi nto ku gutembera kw'amaraso.

Bamwe mu bantu bafite iyi ndwara, Unicuspid Aortic Valve, bashobora no kugira ibindi bibazo by'umutima. Urugero:

• Aortapi : Ibi bivuze intege nke mu nkuta z'aorta.
• Indwara ya Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) : Umwobo uri mu rukuta hagati y'ibyumba bibiri byo hasi by'umutima.
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) : Umutsi w'amaraso wagombaga kuba warafunze nyuma yo kuvuka uguma ufunguye.
• Impinduka zimwe na zimwe mu mitsi itanga amaraso mu mutima.

Iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara cyane. Ifata abantu bagera kuri 0.02% muri rusange. Nanone, ikunze kugaragara ku bagabo.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'ibi?

Yego, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa "Unicuspid Aortic Valve". Itandukaniro riri hagati y'ubu bwoko bubiri ni icyuho aho udupapuro tubiri (udupapuro) duhuzwa n'urukuta rwa valve, rwitwa "Commissure" . Ushobora kubyumva gutya. Tekereza ko iminwa yawe ifatanye burundu n'isura yawe, ariko ishobora guhuzwa igatandukana, sibyo? Ni cyo "Commissure" ari cyo.

Ubwo bwoko bubiri ni:

1. Ubwoko bwa Acommissural: Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukabije cyane . Muri iki gihe, nta commissure ibaho, ni ukuvuga, nta cyuho kibaho. Kandi ntabwo ihujwe na aorta. Udupapuro twose tuba dufatanye, hafi nk'aho dufatanye. Amaraso anyura mu mwobo muto gusa, nk'umwobo w'inyuma.

2. Ubwoko bw'imodoka imwe:Iyi ni ntoya gato ugereranyije n'indi, kandi ni yo ikunze kugaragara cyane . Ifite "Commissure" imwe, ni ukuvuga icyuho kimwe. Ifitanye isano kandi n'umuyoboro w'amaraso. Iyo ubu bwoko bwa valve bufunguwe, busa n'umurongo. Hari abantu babugereranya n'umunwa w'ifi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso ubona?

Iyo umuntu mukuru afite iyi ndwara (Unicuspid Aortic Valve), ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Guhumeka nabi : Iyo unaniwe gato, ushobora kumva ugiye gucika intege mugihe uzamuka ingazi.
• Kuzungera : Iyo uhagurutse mu buryo butunguranye, ushobora kumva uzungera.
• Angina : Iyi ni ukumva ububabare cyangwa gufungana mu gituza. Kuri bamwe, ibi bishobora gukwirakwira mu musaya, mu ijosi, ndetse no mu maboko.
• Gucika intege/gucika intege : Guhita utakaza ubwenge.

Abana bato bafite iyi ndwara bakunze kugira indwara nko kunanirwa k'umutima ku ruhande rw'ibumoso . Bakunda no kugabanya ibiro nk'abandi bana bo mu kigero cyabo, bivuze ko bongera ibiro bike cyane.

Ubwoko bwa "Acommissural" bwavuzwe haruguru, ari na bwo bukomeye, bugaragaza ibimenyetso mu bana bato cyane . Ariko abafite ubwoko bwa "Unicommissural" bashobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso kugeza bagejeje ku myaka 20 cyangwa 30, ni ukuvuga kugeza bageze mu bwana.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Impamvu ni iyihe?

Iyi ndwara, yitwa "Unicuspid Aortic Valve", ibaho iyo udupapuro dutatu twakagombye kuba twiremye dutangiye gukura umwana akiri mu nda, hanyuma aho kuba ukwayo, tugahuza tukaba umwe. Ibi bibaho mbere yuko umwana avuka .

Nubwo abashakashatsi batarabihamya neza, bakeka ko iyi ishobora kuba ari "indwara y'umurage." Ibyo bivuze ko hashobora kuba hari ingaruka ku miterere y'umubiri.

Ni izihe ngorane ibi bishobora gutera?

Umuntu ufite valve y’umuyoboro w’amaraso unicuspid ashobora kugira ingorane zitandukanye uko igihe kigenda gihita. Izikuru ni izi:

• Gutera ubwoba kw'imitsi y'amaraso: Ibi bibaho iyo imitsi idafungutse neza, bigatuma amaraso atembera neza. Ibi bituma umutima ukora cyane mu gupompa amaraso.
• Gusubirana kwa valve y'imitsi: Valve ntifunga neza, bigatuma amaraso amwe avumbwa asubira mu mutima.
• Indwara yandurira mu mutima : Indwara y’umutima, cyane cyane iy’imitsi. Abantu bafite imitsi idasanzwe ni bo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara.
• Ingaruka zo gucika kw'imitsi y'amaraso : Iyi ni indwara itunguranye kandi ikomeye aho urukuta rw'imitsi y'amaraso rucikamo imbere.

Icy'ingenzi: Ni ngombwa cyane gusuzuma no kuvura indwara ku gihe, mbere yuko izi ngorane ziba.

Ubibona ute?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, azagutega amatwi akoresheje stethoscope mu gihe cyo gupima umubiri wawe. Iyo muganga yumvise ijwi ridasanzwe ry'umutima ("umutima uvuza umunwa" hafi y'imiyoboro y'amaraso), ashobora kubikeka. Hanyuma, ashobora kukugira inama yo kongera gupima.

Ni ibihe bizamini birimo gukorwa?

Ibizamini by'ingenzi byakozwe kugira ngo byemezwe neza ko iyi "Unicuspid Aortic Valve" ihari ni ibi bikurikira:

• Isuzuma rya Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) : Ibi ni nk'isuzuma rya ultrasound ry'umutima. Bikorerwa hejuru y'igituza. Bishobora gusuzuma neza imiterere y'umutima n'imikorere y'uturemangingo twawo.
• Echocardiogram ya Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) : Iyi nayo ni echocardiogram. Ariko, umuyoboro muto ushyirwa mu muhogo maze umutima ukarebwa unyuze mu muhogo. Ibi bishobora gutanga amashusho asobanutse neza kurusha TTE.
• Isuzuma rya CT (cardiac computed tomografiya) : Ibi bishobora gutanga amashusho ya 3D y'umutima n'imitsi.
• MRI y'umutima (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Ibi bishobora kandi gutanga amakuru arambuye ku miterere n'imikorere y'umutima.

Ivurwa ite?

Uburyo bwo kuvura ibi butandukana bitewe n'imyaka n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura abana bato ni ubu:

• Uburyo bwo kubaga Valvotomie : Ibi bikubiyemo kubaga kugira ngo hacibwe urugingo rw'umugozi rufatanye hamwe no gukora udupapuro dushya.
• Valvuloplasty : Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha ikintu kimeze nk'umupira mu gufungura valve.
• Commissurotomy : Gutandukanya "Commissure" n'ukubaga, aho imigozi ifatanye.
• Uburyo bwa Ross : Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bugoye gato. Tuzabivugaho byinshi nyuma.

Ku bantu bakuru , kubagwa akenshi biba ngombwa kugira ngo basane valve ya aortic (Unicuspid Aortic Valve repair) cyangwa bayisimbuze valve nshya (isimbuza) .

Ese hari ingaruka/ingorane zishobora guterwa n'ubuvuzi?

Kimwe no kubagwa kose, hari ingorane zimwe na zimwe zishobora guterwa n'ubu buvuzi. Ariko si buri wese uzahura nabyo. Ntugahangayike, muganga wawe azagusobanurira neza ibi.

Ingorane zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho ni izi:

• Kwandura
• Amaraso apfutse
• Kuva amaraso menshi (`Kuva amaraso`)
• Endocarditis (ubwandu bw'imitsi)
• Ibibazo ku gikoresho gikoreshwa mu gusana valve.
• Gufunga umutima byuzuye : Guhagarika uburyo umutima ukoresha amashanyarazi.
• Indwara y'umutima
• Amaraso ava mu gasanduku k'amaraso ajya ku ruhande rutari rwo.
• Umutima utari usanzwe uririmba

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?

Ibi bizatandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi wakorewe. Bishobora gufata igihe icyo ari cyo cyose kuva ku cyumweru kugeza ku mezi menshi kugira ngo ukire. Muganga wawe azakubwira neza igihe ugomba kuruhuka n'igihe ushobora kongera gukora imirimo isanzwe.

Ubuzima buzaba bumeze bute muri iki kibazo?

Niba ufite valve ya Unicuspid Aortic, ushobora gukenera kubagwa . Mu by'ukuri, ushobora gukenera gusanwa valve yawe cyangwa gusimburwa inshuro zirenze imwe mu buzima bwawe. Ushobora kandi kugira ibindi bibazo by'umutima. Ushobora kandi gukenera gukomeza gufata imiti igabanya amaraso (anticoagulants) nyuma yo kubagwa, bitewe n'ubwoko bwa valve ufite.

Ariko nanone byagombye kuvugwa ko iyi "Unicuspid Aortic Valve" atari ikintu kizahita gikira . Indwara ikomeza kuba imwe kugeza igihe uzabazwe kugira ngo ikosorwe.

Hari inkuru nziza. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko 97% by'abantu babazwe valve ya aortic kubera indwara yitwa "Unicuspid Aortic Valve" bari bakiriho nyuma y'imyaka 10 .

Ariko kandi, hari igitekerezo cy'uko iyo umuntu uri munsi y'imyaka 65 ahawe valve y'inyongera ya aortike bitewe n'iyi ndwara, bishobora kugabanya igihe cyo kubaho imyaka irenga 10. Niyo mpamvu abashakashatsi bavuga ko Procedure ya Ross ari nziza ku bantu bakiri bato kandi bakora cyane. Muri ubu buryo bwa "Ross procedure", ufata valve yawe y'ibihaha ukayishyira aho valve y'aortike irwaye iri. Hanyuma, homograft y'ibihaha iva ku muntu wapfuye ishyirwa aho valve y'ibihaha yakuweho yari isanzwe. Nubwo ibi bigoye gato, ibisubizo bivugwa ko ari byiza.

Urashaka gukora iki ku ruhande rwawe?

Nyuma yo kubagwa, ugomba gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kwita ku gukomereka kwawe . Azakubwira kandi igihe ugomba kuruhuka n'igihe ushobora gutangira gutwara imodoka n'indi mirimo ya buri munsi.

Ntiwibagirwe: Ni ngombwa cyane gufata imiti yawe ku gihe, nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse, no kujya kwa muganga ku minsi yagenwe.

Hari igihe utekereza uti "Oh, sindakura bihagije ngo ndware indwara z'umutima," ariko uracyafite ububabare mu gatuza no kugorwa no guhumeka.Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Nyuma yo kubagwa kugira ngo uhabwe Unicuspid Aortic Valve, uzakomeza kugira gahunda zo gukurikirana kwa muganga wawe. Niba habayeho ikibazo (nk'ubwandu) nyuma yo kubagwa, ushobora gukenera ubuvuzi bwihutirwa.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ntutinye kubaza ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ufite. Dore bimwe mu bibazo ushobora kubaza:

• Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kuvura kuri njye?
• Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'ubwoko butandukanye bw'imashini zisimbura valve? (urugero: valve y'ubukorano ugereranije na biovalve)
• Ni ryari ngomba kubagwa?
• Valve nshya ishyirwamo imara igihe kingana iki?

Iyo wumvise ko hari ikintu kiri mu mutima wawe kidakora neza, ntabwo byoroshye. Ariko, uko igihe cyagiye gihita, abaganga bagiye bavumbura uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura iyi ndwara. Vugana na muganga wawe ku cyakubera cyiza. Kubera ko iyi ari indwara idakunze kugaragara , ni byiza gushaka umuganga ufite uburambe muri yo. Urugero, abashakashatsi bavuga ko umuganga ubaga agomba gukora nibura ubuvuzi bwa Ross inshuro 15 ku mwaka.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, ndizera ko ubu usobanukiwe neza iyi ndwara y'umutima yitwa `(Unicuspid Aortic Valve)` twavuzeho uyu munsi. Wibuke ko iki ari ikintu kivukana kandi kidakunze kugaragara. Ariko, iyo kivuwe neza kandi kikavurwa ku gihe, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza . Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibi bimenyetso, ntutinye kujya kwa muganga no kugisha inama. Cyane cyane, ni ingenzi cyane gushaka inkunga y'itsinda ry'abaganga b'inararibonye mu gihe uvura indwara nk'izo zidasanzwe. Wite ku mutima wawe. Ni wo mutungo w'agaciro kanini mu buzima bwawe!

Indwara z'umutima , icyuma gifunga imiyoboro y'amaraso, icyuma gifunga imiyoboro y'amaraso cya Unicuspid, kubagwa k'umutima, indwara y'umutima ivukanwa, guhumeka nabi, ububabare mu gituza