Ese ibintu wakundaga mbere nta cyo bikivuze? Reka tuvuge kuri Anhedonia!

Tekereza, ibyo wakundaga kandi wishimira gukora… wenda ugiye mu rugendo n'inshuti, ureba filime nziza, urimo gukora ubusitani, cyangwa urya ibiryo ukunda. Ariko ubu ntukiyumvamo ibyishimo, ibyishimo, cyangwa 'unyuzwe' n'ibyo bintu? Bite ho niba ibyo bintu bitakikuryohera? Ibyo ni byo mu buvuzi twita anhedonia. Mu magambo make, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kwishima.

Anhedonia ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Anhedonia bisobanura “kubura ibyishimo.” Ni ikimenyetso gisanzwe cy’ihungabana n’izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe. Mu by’ukuri, abantu bagera kuri barindwi kuri icumi bafite indwara ikomeye yo kwiheba (MDD) bafite anhedonia. Ubusanzwe tuzi ibyishimo icyo ari cyo, kandi twishimira ibintu bimwe na bimwe. Ariko iyo ibi bibaye, iyo ibyiyumvo byo kwishima birashira. Wakundaga kurya shokora cyangwa kumva indirimbo. Noneho ushobora gusanga gukora ibyo bintu bituma wumva udafite ibyishimo byinshi. Ushobora no kutamenya impamvu. Umuntu urwaye indwara ya anxiete ashobora kumva ko ubucuti n'imibanire y'umuryango ari ingenzi, ariko ashobora kutabona ibyishimo cyangwa 'ibihembo' biva muri ibyo bintu, bityo ashobora kumva ko nta mpamvu yo kubikorera cyane.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa anhedonia?

Yego, turimo kuvuga ku bwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa anhedonia. Hariho n'ubundi bwoko butari bumwe. Reka tubirebe mu mbonerahamwe.

Hari ubundi bwoko butari bumwe bwihariye

• Anhedonia yo kwitegura: Kutagira icyo witeze ku kintu gishimishije (urugero, urugendo) kiri hafi. Kudashobora kucyishimira nubwo uzi ko kizaba gishimishije.
• Anhedonia yo mu gihe cyo gusoza: Kubura ibyishimo mu gikorwa icyo gihe. Kubura ibyishimo mu kuganira n'inshuti.
• Anhedonia y'umuziki: Kudashobora kwishimira umuziki, umuziki, cyangwa ijwi . Indirimbo isa n'ijwi gusa, ridafite amarangamutima.
• Anhedonia yo gusohora: Iyi ni indwara yihariye mu bijyanye n'ubuzima bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina aho ushobora kugera ku ndunduro mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina ariko ntugire ibyishimo.

Kuki ibi bibaho? Impamvu ni izihe?

Nubwo anhedonia ari ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'ihungabana, hari izindi mpamvu nyinshi zishobora kuyitera. Ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara anhedonia niba ufite ibi bikurikira:

• Ihungabana
Izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe nka schizophrenia , indwara ya bipolar, n'indwara yo guhangayika nyuma yo guhungabana (PTSD)
• Indwara z'imitsi nk'indwara ya Parkinson
• Gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa inzoga
• Ububabare budakira

Mu rwego rwa siyansi, anhedonia iterwa no kugabanuka kw'imigendere y'ibyishimo n'ibihembo mu bwonko bwacu . Impuguke nyinshi zemeza ko impamvu nyamukuru ari ukugabanuka k'imikorere y'ikintu cyitwa dopamine mu bwonko. Dopamine ni imisemburo "ituma twumva twishimye, tunyuzwe kandi dushishikajwe. Iyo iyi sisitemu ya dopamine ihungabanye, ibyishimo byacu biragabanuka.

Ese nawe ufite ibi bintu?

Anhedonia yumva ari ubusa. Aho hahoze hari ibyishimo, ubu hashobora kubaho kumva udafite icyo umaze, kubura amarangamutima. Ndetse n'ibintu byiza ntibiba byiza. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo:

• Gucika intege
• Kubura ubushake mu byo wakundaga gukora mbere
• Kwitandukanya n'abandi no kwirinda ibikorwa byo gusabana
• Kugorwa no gufata ibyemezo
• Guhora ubabaye, ufite ibitekerezo bibi, cyangwa unaniwe
• Uburangare (kutagira ubushake cyangwa ishyaka ryo gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose)
• Ibibazo byo gusinzira no kugabanuka k'ubushake bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina

Ibi bimenyetso si bimwe kuri buri wese. Kuri bamwe, biraza bikagenda igihe runaka, mu gihe ku bandi bishobora kuba bihoraho.

Umuganga abibona ate?

Iyo uvuze ibi bimenyetso, muganga wawe azabanza arebe niba ufite ikibazo cyo kwiheba. Azashakisha n'izindi ndwara zishobora gutera ibi bimenyetso. Kugira ngo ubigereho,

• Uzabazwa ibibazo bike ku bijyanye n'ibyiyumvo byawe n'ibimenyetso byawe.
• Gupima amaraso bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba ingano ya vitamine D cyangwa imisemburo ya tiroyide iri hasi.
• Ubuzima bwawe bw'umubiri buzasuzumwa.
• Hari igihe ushobora no gukoresha ibibazo byihariye (ibizamini) byagenewe gupima urwego rw'ibyishimo byawe.

Ibi byose bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza indwara yawe no guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuyivura.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Kubera ko anhedonia ari ikimenyetso, ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kuyivura ni ukumenya impamvu nyamukuru. Gahunda yo kuyivura akenshi iba ivanze n'imiti n'ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga.

Imiti

Hari imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ishobora gufasha. By'umwihariko, imiti igira ingaruka ku rugero rwa dopamine mu bwonko, nka bupropion (Wellbutrin), byagaragaye ko ifasha bamwe mu barwayi. Hari ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko imiti gakondo ya SSRI idafite ingaruka nyinshi kuri iki kibazo, ndetse ishobora no gutuma amarangamutima adakomera. Bityo muganga wawe azaguhitiramo umuti ukubereye. Hari ubwo utitabira ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, hari n'ubundi buryo bushya bwo kuvura, nka ketamine therapy, burimo gukorwaho ubushakashatsi.

Ubuvuzi bwo mu biganiro

Iki ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane mu nzira yo gukira.

• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu buryo bw'ubwenge (CBT): Ibi bigufasha kumenya no guhindura imiterere y'ibitekerezo bibi byawe. Ibi bigufasha guhangana n'ibitekerezo bikubuza kugira ibyishimo.
• Gukoresha imyitwarire: Umuvuzi agushishikariza gutangira buhoro buhoro gukora ibintu wakundaga, nubwo waba utabishaka. Uko ugenda umenyera buhoro buhoro, ushobora kongera kubikunda.

Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura burimo ubuvuzi bukoresha amashanyarazi (ECT) na transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).

Ingaruka zishobora kubaho iyo zitavuwe

Anhedonia si ukubura ibyishimo gusa. Iyo itavuwe, ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe.

• Kwangirika kw'itumanaho:Kumarana umwanya n'inshuti n'umuryango bishobora kukubera umutwaro kuko wumva utishimye. Ibi bishobora gutuma ugenda witandukanya na buri wese buhoro buhoro.
• Kwigunga mu bandi: Hashobora kubaho ubwoba cyangwa kudashaka guhura n'abantu no kwitabira ibikorwa byo gusabana.
• Kurushaho kuba bibi kw'indwara zo mu mutwe: Anhedonia ishobora kongera indwara nko kwiheba.
• Ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura: Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane . Hari isano ikomeye hagati ya anhedonia n'ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura.

Anhedonia si indwara ihoraho. Ishobora gukira burundu iyo uvuwe neza. Kubwibyo, niba ufite ibimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga vuba bishoboka. Anhedonia, anhedonia, kwiheba, dopamine, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe