Rubatsiro rwemwoyo wako: Chii chinonzi interventional cardiology?

Wakambonzwa here nezvezwi rekuti "Interventional Cardiology"? Pamwe chiremba wako akataura nezvazvo, kana kuti pamwe uri kuzvitsvaga nekuti une dambudziko remwoyo. Zvisinei, iyi inzvimbo inokosha yekurapa. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo muchidimbu, handiti?

Chii chinonzi Interventional Cardiology? Zviri nyore kwazvo!

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, interventional cardiology inzira yakakosha inoshandisa chubhu diki , inochinjika inonzi ``catheter``` kuongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvemwoyo netsinga dzeropa . Funga nezvayo secannula diki yatinoshandisa patinoisa saline muruoko rwedu, asi iyi ``catheter`` chubhu yakapfava kupfuura iyi. Iyi inopinzwa kuburikidza neimwe yetsinga dzeropa. Saka, hapana chikonzero chekucheka ganda zvakanyanya uye kuita oparesheni. Iyi ndiyo mukana mukuru weiyi nzira.

Vanachiremba vari muchikamu ichi (tinovadaidza kuti interventional cardiologists) vanobatsira vanhu vane chirwere chetsinga dzeropa nemwoyo. Vanorapawo vacheche, vana vadiki, nevakuru vane zvikanganiso zvemwoyo, zvakaita sezvirema zvemavharuvhu emwoyo kana chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho, zvakaita sezvirema zvemaseptal.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peInterventional Cardiology neCardiothoracic Surgery?

Kunyangwe zvese izvi zvine chekuita nemoyo, pane musiyano mudiki.

Chiremba wemwoyo anovhiya kurapa kwe "Minimally Invasive", kwandambotaura kare, achishandisa `(Catheter)``, pasina kuchekwa kukuru, nepaburi diki. Kureva kuti, havaiti ` open-heart surgery`` , izvo zvinosanganisira kuchekwa kukuru pakati pechipfuva (``Sternotomy``).

Zvisinei, chiremba wemwoyo munhu anovhiya nhengo dziri muchipfuva, dzakadai semwoyo, mapapu, negurokuro. Vanovhiya mwoyo wakavhurika. Dzimwe nguva vanoshandisawo kucheka kadiki kakawanda panzvimbo pekucheka kamwe chete kakuru.

Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, kazhinji, nyanzvi idzi dzese dzinoshanda pamwe chete kusarudza kuti ndeipi nzira yekurapa yakakunakira iwe.

Chii chaizvo chinoitwa nachiremba wemwoyo anopindira?

Vanachiremba ava vane hunyanzvi mukushandisa "(catheter)" iyoyo kuongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvemwoyo netsinga dzeropa. Dzimwe nzira dzinoshandiswa kuziva kuti chirwere chacho chii chaizvo, nepo dzimwe dzichishandiswa kurapa chirwere chacho.

Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinorayirwa nachiremba wemwoyo anopindira?

Mundima iyi zvakanyanyaInoongorora kana kutenderera kweropa mumuviri wako kuri kushanda nemazvo. Inotsvaga matambudziko ari kukanganisa kuyerera kweropa uye inoedza kuagadzirisa. Semuenzaniso, inoongorora kuyerera kweropa uye kumanikidzwa kweropa mutsinga dzeropa dzinopa ropa kumoyo wako ("Coronary Arteries"`) uye mukati memakamuri emwoyo.

Mimwe yemiedzo yakaitwa pakuita izvi ndeiyi:

• Kuongororwa kwetsinga dzeropa dzemwoyo neCT scan (computed tomography (CT) yeCoronary Arteries).
• Chiratidzo chemoyo (echocardiogram) (intracardiac echocardiogram).
• MRI yemoyo.
• X-ray yechipfuva .

Chii chinonzi Interventional Cardiac Procedure?

Iyi inzira yekurapa moyo uchishandisa `(Catheter)` chete, pasina kucheka ganda kana kuita oparesheni. Semuenzaniso, kana kutsiva vharuvhu yemoyo kana kugadzirisa vharuvhu yemoyo kuchiitwa uchishandisa `(Catheter)`, kurapwa kwemoyo kunoitirwa mukati memoyo.

Ndeapi marapirwo anoitwa nachiremba wemwoyo anopindira?

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa dzinoitwa navanachiremba ava. Ungave wakambonzwa nezvedzimwe dzacho.

• Kuisa katheta mumoyo: Kuongorora mwoyo nekuisa katheta mukati mayo.
• Angiogram (`Angiogram` - `Peripheral` kana `Coronary`): Mvura yakakosha inopinzwa mutsinga dzeropa uye maX-ray anotorwa kuti aone kuti dzakavharika dziri papi.
• Angioplasty: Kuvhurazve tsinga yeropa yakavharika nekuiputira nechinhu chidiki chakaita sebharumu.
• Kubviswa kweropa mutsinga dzeropa: Kubviswa kwemafuta akaunganidzwa (plaque) mutsinga dzeropa .
• Kuyerwa kweFractional Flow Reserve (FFR): Kuyerwa kweropa rakawanda rakavharika nekuda kwekuvharika kwetsinga yeropa.
• Intravascular Ultrasound (IVUS): Maitiro ekuisa mudziyo mudiki we ultrasound mutsinga yeropa.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Nzira inoshandisa chiedza kuti ione zviri mukati metsinga dzeropa zvakajeka.
• Kuiswa kweStent: Chubhu diki inoiswa mutsinga yeropa yakavharika iyo yakavhurwa ne angioplasty kuti isavharika zvakare. Izvi zvinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi.
• Kutsiva uye Kugadzirisa Mavharuvhu Emwoyo: Izvi zvino zvinogona kuitwawo necatheter.
• Kuvharwa kweAtrial Appendage yekuruboshwe.
• Kuvhara buri riri pamadziro pakati peatria (`Atrial Septal Defect Closure`).
• Kubviswa kweDoro muSeptal.
• Kuvharwa kweOvale yePatent Foramen.
• Kubvisa tsinga dzeitsvo: Kurapa kunonanga tsinga dzinoenda kuitsvo kuderedza BP.
• Kupwanya ropa: Kunyungudutsa mabundu eropa.

Ndeipi nzira inonyanya kushandiswa nevanorapa mwoyo?

Maitiro anowanzoitwa navanachiremba ava ndeye angioplasty uye kuiswa kwe stent mutsinga dzeropa dzemwoyo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa catheter kuti uwane kuvharika kwetsinga yeropa mumoyo. Zvadaro, nechinhu chidiki chakaita sebharumu, kuvharika (kureva, plaque inoumbwa ne cholesterol deposits) kunodzvanywa pamadziro etsinga, zvichiita kuti ropa rifambe. Zvadaro, kana zvichidikanwa, chubhu ye mesh inonzi stent inoiswa ipapo kudzivirira nzira kuti isavhare zvakare. Uku kurapa kunoponesa hupenyu hwemunhu akamborwara nemoyo.

Ndezvipi zvirwere nemamiriro ezvinhu zvinorapwa ne interventional cardiology?

Nzira iyi inogona kurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokanganisa mwoyo netsinga dzeropa. Heano mimwe mienzaniso:

• Chirwere cheVharuvhu yeMwoyo
• Kuora kweropa muropa
• Kumira kurova kwemoyo
• Carotid Artery Disease (iyi itsinga huru yeropa mumutsipa)
• Chirwere chetsinga yeropa
• Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (kukora kwetsandanyama yemwoyo)
• Coronary Artery Fistula (Kubatana kusingawanzoitiki pakati petsinga yeropa mumoyo neimwe tsinga yeropa kana chikamu chemoyo)
• Chirwere chetsinga dzeropa (kuvharika kwetsinga dzeropa mumakumbo)
• Chirwere Chisingaperi Chemutsinga (Vein)
• Stenosis yeAortic Valve
• Zvirwere zvekugwamba kweropa (`Chirwere cheThromboembolic`)
• Aneurysm
• Maburi ari pamadziro ari pakati peatria (`Atrial Septal Defect`)
• Maburi ari pamadziro ari pakati pemaventricle (`Ventricular Septal Defect`)

Ndinoda here kutumirwa kunoona chiremba wemwoyo anopindira mukurapa chirwere chemwoyo?

Ehe, kazhinji uchazoda kutumirwa kubva kune mumwe chiremba kuti uone chiremba wemwoyo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nyanzvi idzi dzakadzidziswa kuita bvunzo chaiyo kana kurapwa kwaunoda.

Vanachiremba vemwoyo ava vanoshanda kupi?

Vanachiremba vemwoyo vanoshanda muzvipatara, munzvimbo dzekurapa dzakazvimirira, uye muzvikoro zvekurapa. Vamwe vanoitawo tsvakurudzo nekudzidzisa vadzidzi vekurapa uku vachirapa.

Kazhinji, vanachiremba ava vanenge vauya kuzorapa dambudziko rekukurumidza, semuenzaniso, munhu ane chirwere chemwoyo.

Chii chinodiwa pakudzidziswa kwekurapa mwoyo?

Kushanda mubasa iri kunoda makore ekudzidziswa. Mushure mechikoro chekurapa (makore mana), avo vari kuita basa iri vanopedza makore matatu ekudzidziswa kwekugara muInternal Medicine, vachizoteverwa nemamwe makore matatu ekudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi muGeneral Cardiology.

Mushure meizvozvo, muchawana rimwe gore rekudzidziswa kwekurapa mwoyo (`Fellowship`) mune matekiniki anoshandiswa kushandisa ``Catheter```. Ndipo chete pauchawana ``Certification`` kubva kubhodhi rezvekurapa.

Vamwe vanachiremba vemwoyo vanopindira mukurapa chirwere ichi nhengo dzemasangano akaita seSociety for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) kana kuti vane nhengo yakakosha ("Fellow"). "Fellow" munhu akaita maoparesheni anopfuura chiuru. Izvi zvinoreva kuti uri kurapwa nemunhu akadzidziswa zvakanyanya.

Chii chaungatarisira panguva yekusangana nechiremba wemwoyo?

Kunze kwekunge paine emergency, chiremba wemwoyo achakuudza nezvematambudziko emwoyo wako kana etsinga dzeropa. Achakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako uye kuti wava nenguva yakareba sei nazvo. Zvakakosha kuuya nerunyorwa rwemishonga yese yaunotora (yakanyorerwa nachiremba, isingatengeswi nachiremba, mavitamini, uye kunyange mishonga yekuwedzera).

Chiremba achateerera mwoyo wako. Achakubvunzawo kana uchishandisa fodya kana kunwa doro. Achakubvunzawo kana paine munhu mumhuri mako akambova nechirwere chemwoyo kana matambudziko etsinga dzeropa. Anogonawo kuita bvunzo dziri nyore ipapo, dzakadai sekutarisa BP yako.

Kana uchida kuongororwa kwechirwere uye/kana kurapwa, uchafanirwa kuronga imwe nguva yekuenda pazuva iroro. Chiremba wako achakutsanangurira marapirwo aanofunga kuti akakunakira, pamwe chete nemabhenefiti nenjodzi. Vachakuudzawo magadzirirwo ekurapwa. Semuenzaniso, unogona kukumbirwa kuti usadye kana kunwa kwemaawa masere bvunzo kana kurapwa kusati kwaitwa.

Zvakajairika kunzwa kutya uye kunetseka kana ukaudzwa kuti uchavhiyiwa mwoyo. Asi yeuka, kana uine chiremba wemwoyo, uri kutarisirwa nenyanzvi yakadzidziswa zvakanyanya. Vanogona kuunganidza ruzivo rwavanoda kuti vaongorore chirwere chacho vozochirapa vasina kuvhiyiwa mwoyo.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Saka, interventional cardiology inzvimbo yekurapa yakakwira zvikuru uye ine hushamwari kune varwere.

• Hapana kucheka kukuru: Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti matambudziko mazhinji emwoyo netsinga dzeropa anogona kurapwa uchishandisa catheter diki chete, pasina kucheka kukuru.
• Kupora nekukurumidza: Sezvo pasina kuvhiyiwa kukuru kunoitwa, kugara muchipatara kupfupi, uye unogona kupora nekukurumidza wodzokera kuhupenyu hwako hwemazuva ese.
• Hunyanzvi: Kurapa uku kunoitwa navanachiremba vakadzidziswa basa iri.
• Usatya: Kana wakanyorerwa mushonga wakadaro, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo zvizere uye uwane ruzivo rwakadzama. Kuziva ruzivo rwakarurama kuchakubatsira kudzivirira kutya kusingakoshi.

Kana uine matambudziko emwoyo, usakanganwa kuona chiremba kuti akupe mazano. Moyo une hutano zvinoreva hupenyu hune hutano!

` Chirwere chemwoyo, interventional cardiology, catheter, angioplasty, stent, kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo, hutano hwemwoyo