Chii chaizvo chinonzi A1C test chinokuudza nezvehuwandu hweshuga muropa rako? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo!

Pamwe wakambonzwa vanachiremba vachiti, "Unofanira kuongororwa A1C." Kana kuti kana mumwe munhu mumhuri mako ane chirwere cheshuga, pamwe wakambonzwa nezvekuongorora A1C uku. Chii chaizvo chinonzi bvunzo iyi yeA1C? Chii chatingadzidza kubva mairi? Nhasi, tichataura nezvebvunzo iyi yeA1C nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi bvunzo yeA1C?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, bvunzo yeA1C ibvunzo inoyera huwandu hweshuga muropa rako, kana kuti ``Glucose'', mumwedzi mitatu yapfuura. Mhedzisiro yacho inopiwa sechikamu. Chikamu chakakwira, huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hunokwirawo.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa bvunzo yeA1C nekuda kwezvikonzero zvikuru zvakati wandei:

• Ziva danho risati rasvika rechirwere cheshuga (`(Prediabetes)`). Kureva kuti, danho riri pedyo nekukura kwechirwere cheshuga.
• Tsvaga kuti une chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri here kana kuti kwete.
• Kana uine chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri kana chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, zvakakosha kuti unzwisise kuti chirongwa chako chekurapa chiri kushanda zvakanaka sei. A1C level yako inogona kukubatsira iwe nachiremba wako kusarudza kana uchida kuchinja chirongwa chako chekurapa.

Kuongororwa kweA1C kunoitiswa sei?

Vanachiremba vanoedza A1C nenzira mbiri:

• Kazhinji, ropa diki rinotorwa kubva mutsinga roendeswa kurabhoritari kuti riongororwe. Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa. Iyi inonzi ``Phlebotomist'' inoburitsa ropa.
• Imwe nzira ndeyekutora donhwe reropa kubva pamunwe wako woriedza. Izvi zvinogona kukupa mhedzisiro mumaminitsi mashoma. Zvisinei, nzira iyi inongoshandiswa kuona kuti kurapwa kwako kuri kufamba sei, uye haishandiswi kuongorora chirwere chitsva.

Kuongororwa uchishandisa tsinga kunowanzova kwakarurama kupfuura kuedzwa nemunwe.

Ndeapi mamwe mazita ebvunzo yeA1C?

Bvunzo iyi yeA1C inodanwa nemamwe mazita akati wandei. Unogona kunzwawo mazita aya:

• Hemoglobin A1C `(Hemoglobin A1C)`
• HbA1c `(HbA1c)`
• Hemoglobin ine glycated
• Kuongororwa kweGlycohemoglobin `(Kuongororwa kweGlycohemoglobin)`

Chii chinonzi shuga muropa (glucose)?

Miviri yedu inowana `(Glucose)` iyi kana shuga kunyanya kubva mumakabhohaidhiretsi ari muzvikafu zvatinodya. Iyi ndiyo sosi huru yesimba kumasero emuviri wedu. Ropa redu rinoendesa `(Glucose)` iyi kumasero mumuviri wese.

Maitiro akawanda mumiviri yedu anobatsira kuchengetedza huwandu hweshuga muropa huri mukati mehuwandu hwakati. Basa guru mune izvi rinoitwa nehomoni inonzi ``Insulin``, iyo inogadzirwa nepancreas yedu.

Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hwakakwira nguva dzose (hyperglycemia), zvinoreva kuti A1C yako yakakwirawo, zvinowanzoreva kuti une chirwere cheshuga. Chirwere cheshuga chinoitika kana pancreas isingagadzire insulin yakakwana, kana kuti huwandu hweinsulin hwainogadzira husina kukwana, kana kuti muviri usingakwanise kushandisa insulin nemazvo.

Ndirini pandinofanira kuongororwa A1C?

Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, unofanira kuongororwa A1C kaviri pagore kuti uone kuti chirongwa chako chekurapa chiri kushanda zvakanaka sei. Chiremba wako achakuudza kuti unofanira kuita izvi kangani.

Kana usati waonekwa uine chirwere cheshuga, asi uine zviratidzo zvinotevera, chiremba anogona kuraira bvunzo yeA1C:

• Nyota yakawandisa nguva dzose (`(Polydipsia)`)
• weti yakanyanya
• Kuona kusina kujeka
• Kunzwa kuneta nguva dzese (`(Kuneta)`)

Unogona zvakare kuongororwa A1C kuti uone kana uri panjodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri. Zvinhu zvinoisa njodzi zvinosanganisira:

• Kuva nenhengo yemhuri ine chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri.
• Kana wakambova nechirwere cheshuga panguva yekuzvitakura.
• Kufuta zvakanyanya.
• Kusaita maekisesaizi kana kurovedza muviri.
• Kuva nemakore anopfuura 35 ekuberekwa.

A1C inoverengwa sei?

Kuongororwa kweA1C kwakavakirwa pane chimwe chinhu chinonzi hemoglobin . Hemoglobin chikamu chemasero edu matsvuku eropa chinotakura okisijeni mumuviri wese. Kana paine glucose muropa rako, inonamira pa hemoglobin iyi. Izvi zvinonzi glycation . Kana glucose yakawanda muropa rako, inonamira zvakanyanya. Uye, kunamira uku kunogona kugara kwemwedzi mitatu - inova avhareji yehupenyu hwesero dzvuku reropa.

Bvunzo yeA1C inoyera huwandu hweglucose hunobatana nehemoglobin nekufamba kwenguva. Nekuti inoyera huwandu hweshuga muropa nekufamba kwenguva, Bvunzo yeA1C inogona kutiudza zvakawanda nezvehutano hwako kupfuura bvunzo imwe chete yeshuga muropa.

Ndinofanira kutsanya here ndisati ndaongororwa A1C?

Kwete. Haufanire kutsanya usati waita bvunzo yeA1C.

Chii chinoitika kana ukaita bvunzo yeA1C?

Hezvino zvaunogona kutarisira kubva pakuongororwa kweA1C, kunosanganisira kutora ropa kubva mutsinga:

• Paunenge wakagara pachigaro, chiremba wephlebotomist (munhu anotora ropa) achatsvaga tsinga iri muruoko rwako iri nyore kubvisa ropa. Kazhinji, ropa rinotorwa kubva mukati meruoko rwako, kuseri kwegokora rako.
• Kana tsinga yawanikwa, nzvimbo yacho inocheneswa uye inopiswa nemishonga inouraya utachiona.
• Zvadaro tsono diki inopinzwa mutsinga yeropa uye ropa rinotorwa. Izvi zvinogona kuita sekunge munhu ari kubaya zvishoma.
• Mushure mekupinza tsono, ropa diki rinounganidzwa muchubhu yekuyedza.
• Kana ropa rakawanda raunganidzwa kuti riongororwe, tsono inobviswa uye kubuda ropa kunomiswa nekuisa donje kana gauze panzvimbo yacho.
• Pakupedzisira, isa plaster panzvimbo yacho wobva wapedza.

Panguva yekuongororwa kweA1C, iyo inoitwa nekutora ropa kubva pamunwe, zvinotevera zvinoitika:

• Chiremba anokubvunza kuti ropa raunotora kubva pamunwe upi.
• Zvigunwe zvako zvichapukutwa nedoro uye gomba diki richagadzirwa netsono diki inonzi ``Lancet'' (izvi zvinowanzoitwa mumudziyo mudiki wepurasitiki).
• Vachakusvina muromo wemunwe wako, voburitsa donhwe reropa, vozoriunganidza mumudziyo mudiki wepurasitiki.
• Kana ropa rakwana kuti uongororwe, uchapihwa donje kana gauze rekubata pamunwe wako kuti ropa rimire kubuda.
• Mhedzisiro inowanzo kuwanikwa mumaminitsi mashoma.

Pane njodzi dziripo here pakuongororwa kweA1C?

Kuongororwa kweropa chikamu chakajairika uye chinodiwa pakuongororwa kwechiremba. Njodzi dzemhando dzese dzekuongorora kweA1C dzakaderera zvikuru. Ungasangana nemavanga kana kurwadziwa panotorwa ropa kana painobayiwa chigunwe chako, asi izvi zvinokurumidza kupora.

Zvinorevei kukosha kwangu kweA1C?

Mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kweA1C inopiwa sechikamu. Nhamba iyi inokuudza kuti protein ye hemoglobin yakawanda sei ine glycated, zvichireva kuti yakabatana neglucose. Chikamu chayo chakakwira, shuga yeropa rako yakakwirawo mumwedzi mishoma yapfuura.

Mazinga ekuongorora chirwere cheA1C ndeaya anotevera:

• Kana iri pasi pe5.7%, zvinoreva kuti hauna chirwere cheshuga. (Hutano hwakanaka)
• Kana iri pakati pe5.7% ne6.4%, inoonekwa se prediabetes. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chirwere cheshuga chave pedyo nekukura.
• Chiyero che6.5% kana kupfuura chinowanzo ratidza chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri kana chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga.

Kana uchitova nechirwere cheshuga, mhedzisiro yako yeA1C inoratidza kuti chirongwa chako chekurapa chakashanda zvakanaka sei mumwedzi mitatu yapfuura. Kurapa uku kunogona kusanganisira mapiritsi, jekiseni re insulin, kuongororwa shuga muropa nguva nenguva, uye shanduko dzemararamiro (senge kudya uye kurovedza muviri). Zvichienderana nehukuru hweA1C yako, iwe nachiremba wako munogona kusarudza kana paine shanduko pachirongwa chako chekurapa dzichidikanwa.

Chinhu chakakosha kurangarira ndechekuti A1C yako (kana uine chirwere cheshuga) ingori avhareji yehuwandu hweshuga yako muropa kwemwedzi mishoma. Hazvisi chiratidzo chehutano hwako kana sarudzo yekupedzisira yekuti uri kurarama hupenyu hune hutano here. Yeuka kuti A1C yako inogona kuchinja muhupenyu hwako hwese, uye pane zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti utarisire chirwere chako cheshuga uye uvandudze huwandu hweA1C yako, kana zvichidikanwa.

Chii chinonzi A1C uye glucose inofungidzirwa kuti yakajairika (eAG)?

Mamwe marabhoritari anopa mhedzisiro yeA1C sechikamu, uye zvinoenderana nazvoAvhareji yehuwandu hweglucose (eAG) inofungidzirwawo.

Kuverenga kwe`(eAG)` kunoshandura chikamu cheA1C kuita mayuniti akafanana (mamilligram pa deciliter - mg/dL kana mamillimoles pa litre - mmol/L) aunoshandisa ne glucometer yako yekumba. Sezvo A1C yako iri avhareji,`(eAG)` inhamba imwe chete inoratidza avhareji yemazinga eshuga muropa rako mumwedzi mitatu yapfuura.

Semuenzaniso, A1C ye7% yakaenzana ne `(eAG)` 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L). A1C ye9% yakaenzana ne `(eAG)` 212 mg/dL (11.8 mmol/L).

Chii chinonzi kukosha kweA1C kwakajairika?

Kune munhu asina chirwere cheshuga, kukosha kweA1C kwakajairika kuri pasi pe5.7%.

Zvinoonekwa se "zvakajairika" uye zvine hutano kuvanhu vane chirwere cheshuga zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvako uye mukana wako wekuwana mishonga nemidziyo yekurapa chirwere cheshuga. Iwe nachiremba wako muchashanda pamwe chete kuti muone huwandu hweA1C hwaunoda. Izvi zvinogona kuchinja muhupenyu hwako hwese.

Kazhinji, American Diabetes Association inokurudzira kuti vanhu vakuru vazhinji vane chirwere cheshuga vaedze kuwana A1C ye7% kana pasi .

Chinangwa chako cheA1C chingave chakakwirira kupfuura 7% mumamiriro ezvinhu aya:

• Kana nguva yekurarama yakaganhurirwa.
• Kana uine zviitiko zveshuga yakaderera zvakanyanya muropa (`(Hypoglycemia)`) kana kuti usingazive nezvezviitiko zvakadaro (`(Hypoglycemia unawareness)`).
• Kana uine matambudziko akakomba anokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga (senge chirwere chisingaperi cheitsvo, kukuvara kwetsinga, kana chirwere chemwoyo).

Kune rumwe rutivi, kuvakadzi vane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga panguva yekuzvitakura, vanachiremba vanowanzo kurudzira kuti mwero weA1C urambe uri pa6.5% kana pasi panguva yekuzvitakura. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuderedza njodzi dzehutano kumwana ari mudumbu uye kudzivirira kukura kwakanyanya kwemwana ari mudumbu (fetal macrosomia).

Chii chinonzi A1C ine njodzi?

Sezvo huwandu hweA1C yako huchiwedzera, kunyanya kana hukaramba hwakakwira kwemakore mazhinji, une mukana wekuva nematambudziko akadai se:

• Matambudziko emaziso (`(Retinopathy)`)
• Matambudziko eitsvo (Nephropathy)
• Kurwara netsinga
• Kusashanda zvakanaka kwemudumbu (Gastroparesis)
• Chirwere chemwoyo
• Kurohwa

Ongororo yakaratidza kuti vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanogona kuderedza njodzi yavo yekusangana nematambudziko echirwere cheshuga nekuchengetedza huwandu hweA1C huri pasi pe7% .

Asi yeuka, zvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita semajini uye kuti wava nenguva yakareba sei uine chirwere cheshuga, zvinogonawo kukanganisa kukura kwematambudziko echirwere cheshuga.

Kuongororwa kweA1C kwakarurama zvechokwadi here?

Zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa kururama kwebvunzo dzeA1C, zvinosanganisira:

• Zvinhu zvemajini, semuenzaniso, kusiyana kwehemoglobin
• Zvimwe zvirwere
• Mimwe mishonga nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri
• Zvikanganiso panguva yekutora, kutakurwa, kana kugadziriswa kwemasampuli kuti ayedzwe

Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti mhedzisiro yako ive 'yakaderera zvenhema' kana 'yakakwira zvenhema'. Zvizhinji zvezvinhu izvi zvinokonzerwa nekusiyana kwehupenyu hwemasero matsvuku eropa rako uye hutano hwaro.

Kusiyana kweHemoglobin uye Mhedzisiro yeA1C

Mhando dzeHemoglobin dzinogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yemimwe bvunzo dzeA1C.

Rudzi rwehemoglobin muropa rako runobva pane zvaunogara nhaka kubva mumajini ako. Kune mhando dzakasiyana. Inonyanya kuzivikanwa ihemoglobin A. Dzimwe mhando dzehemoglobin dzisinganyanyi kuzivikanwa dzinonzi hemoglobin variants.

Kuva ne hemoglobin variant hakuwedzeri njodzi yako yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga, asi kunogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yeA1C. Marabhoritari ane nzira dzakasiyana dzekuyedza A1C paropa rine hemoglobin variant.

Mamwe emhando dzinonyanya kuonekwa ndeaya:

• Hunhu hweHemoglobin C : Izvi zvinonyanya kuwanikwa pakati pevanhu vatema, vanhu vanobva kuWest Africa, uye vanhu vanobva kuSouth neCentral America, kuCaribbean, neEurope.
• Hunhu hweHemoglobin D : Izvi zvinowanzoitika kuvanhu vanogara muChina, India, Turkey, Brazil, nedzimwe nzvimbo dzeEurope.
• Hunhu hweHemoglobin E : Izvi zvinowanzoitika pakati pevanhu vekuAsia, kunyanya avo vanobva kuSoutheast Asia.
• Hunhu hweHemoglobin S : Izvi zvinonyanya kuwanikwa pakati pevanhu vatema nevaHispanic America.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunogona kuona mhando dze hemoglobin. Kana uchifunga kuti ungave uine mhando dze hemoglobin dzinogona kukanganisa mhedzisiro yako yeA1C, taura nachiremba wako.

Zvikonzero nei A1C yako ingave yakaderera pane zvayakaita chaizvo

Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kukonzera kuti mhedzisiro yako yeA1C ive yakaderera pane yako chaiyo:

• Kunwa doro zvakanyanya (`(Dambudziko rekushandisa doro)`)
• Kuwedzerwa ropa
• Kukundikana kweitsvo kwenguva refu (`(Kukundikana kweitsvo kwenguva refu)`)
• Mishonga inosimudzira erythropoietin (ESAs)
• Kubuda ropa zvakanyanya (`(Kubuda ropa)`)
• Kugara panzvimbo yakakwirira
• Kutora mishonga yesimbi
• Kurwara kwechiropa (`(Kurwara kwechiropa)`)
• Pamuviri
• Kupererwa neropa kwemasero emusana (`(kupererwa neropa kwemasero emusana)`)
• Kupererwa kweropa neropa (`(Spherocytosis neropa neropa)`)

Zvikonzero nei kukosha kweA1C kungave kwakakwira kupfuura zvazviri chaizvo

Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kukonzera kuti mhedzisiro yako yeA1C ive yakakwira kupfuura zvazviri chaizvo:

• Kushaya ropa, semuenzaniso kushaikwa kwesimbi mumuviri, kushaikwa kweropa mumuviri kunokonzerwa nehutachiona, kana kushaikwa kweropa mumuviri kunokonzerwa nekenza.
• Mimwe mishonga, yakadai semishonga inodzvinyirira immune uye protease inhibitors.
• Kuwedzera kwe triglycerides muropa (`(Hypertriglyceridemia)`)
• Kuisirwa nhengo yemuviri
• Thalassemia (`(Thalassemia)`)
• Kushaikwa kweVitamin B12 (`(Kushaikwa kweVitamin B12)`)

Chirwere cheshuga chinogona kurapwa here kunyangwe mazinga eA1C akakwira?

Ehe, unogona. Kungoti une A1C yakakwira (inopfuura 6.5%) hazvirevi kuti une chirwere cheshuga. Mimwe mishonga, yakaita semasteroid, kana zvimwe zvinhu, zvakaita sekurwara, inogona kuwedzera huwandu hweshuga muropa rako kwenguva pfupi. Zvimwe zvirwere, zvakaita seanemia, zvinogona kuita kuti mhedzisiro yako yeA1C iite seyakakwira kupfuura zvazviri chaizvo. Pane mukana zvakare wekuti bvunzo yacho ingave isiriyo.

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa bvunzo dzinopfuura imwe chete kuti vaongorore chirwere cheshuga. Semuenzaniso, unogona kukumbirwa kuti uite bvunzo yeglucose yeropa nekutsanya kana bvunzo yeA1C. Zvisinei, chiremba wako achanyatsoongorora zvawakawana uye achakurukura newe nezvazvo.

Ko A1C inokuudza nemazvo here nezvekurapa chirwere cheshuga?

Kwemakumi emakore, vanachiremba nevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanga vachishandisa bvunzo yeA1C kunyanya kuyera kuti kurapwa kwavo kuri kushanda zvakanaka sei.

Zvisinei, kunyanya kune vanhu vane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, huwandu hweshuga muropa hunogona kuchinja-chinja zvakanyanya mumazuva, mavhiki, uye mwedzi. Saka, A1C yakavakirwa paavhareji uye haisi nguva dzose inopa mufananidzo chaiwo wekutarisira.

Funga nezvemuenzaniso uyu: Mashuga emunhu anogona kunge akaderera uye akakwira zvakanyanya, asi A1C yake inogona kunge iri 7%. Mashuga emumwe munhu anogona kunge ari pa154 mg/dL nguva dzose, uye A1C yake inogona kunge iri 7%.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, nekushandiswa kwemidziyo yekutarisa shuga (CGM) , vanachiremba nevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vakaona kuti Time in Range (TIR) ​​​​inopa mufananidzo unobatsira uye wakarurama wekutarisira chirwere cheshuga.

TIR inguva iyo shuga yako yeropa iri mukati mehuwandu hunokurudzirwa. TIR inoyerwa sechikamu. Huwandu hweshuga yeropa hunogona kusiyana kubva pamunhu kuenda kune mumwe, asi huwandu hwakajairika huri pakati pe70 ne180 mg/dL. Kune vanhu vakuru vazhinji vane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga kana rwechipiri, vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuedza kuchengetedza TIR iri pamusoro pe70% (anenge maawa gumi nemanomwe kubva pamaawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva).

Nekushandisa `(CGM)` uye `(TIR)`, vanachiremba nevanhu vane chirwere cheshuga vanogona kuona kuti shuga yavo yeropa yakakwira kana kuti yakaderera kangani. Izvi zvinovabatsira kugadzirisa marapirwo avo nemazvo.

Pakupedzisira, unofanira kutaura kuti...

Zvinogona kuvhiringa kana mhinduro dzako dzeA1C dzisina kutarisirwa kana kuti dzakakwira kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Asi yeuka, A1C yakakwira hazvirevi kuti une chirwere cheshuga. Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera kuti mhinduro dzisave dzakarurama. Chiremba wako achakuudza kana uchida kuongororwa kwakawanda. Usatya kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo. Varipo kuti vakubatsire.

Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti A1C yako ingori avhareji yenguva pfupi yehuwandu hweshuga yako muropa. Pane zvinhu zvaunogona kuita kuti uwedzere huwandu hweA1C yako. Kana uchinzwa wakaremerwa nekutarisira chirwere chako cheshuga, taura nachiremba wako. Pamwe chete, munogona kugadzira hurongwa hwekutarisira chirwere chako cheshuga uye kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvako zveA1C.

A1C , HbA1c, chirwere cheshuga, shuga yeropa, shuga yeropa, hemoglobin, bvunzo yechirwere cheshuga