Wakambofunga zvakadzama nezvezvinoitika mukati memiviri yedu mushure mekudya here? Mushure mekunge chikafu chatinodya chabva mumuromo medu chichienda mudumbu medu, pane nzira yakaoma zvikuru yekugaya, kugadzira simba, uye kupa chikafu chinodiwa nemuviri wedu. Mukuita uku, nhengo yega yega inoshanda pamwe chete sechikwata. Nhasi, tichataura nezvenzvimbo diki, asi yakakosha kwazvo mudumbu redu inoshanda senzvimbo huru yechitima. Ndiyo "Ampulla yeVater".
Chii chaizvo chinonzi Ampulla yeVater?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ampulla yeVater iburi diki rinovhurika muchikamu chekutanga cheura hwedu hudiki (duodenum). Asi harisi buri chero ripi zvaro. Ndiyo nzvimbo huru apo mvura mbiri dzinokosha mukugaya kwedu dzinosangana pamwe chete uye dzinosanganiswa nechikafu.
Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi. Mugero wenyongo unowanzo shandiswa, unotakura bile kubva muchiropa chedu, uye duct yepancreatic, inotakura ma enzymes kubva mupancreas edu anotibatsira kugaya chikafu, zvinobatana kuti zvigadzire kabhegi kadiki. Kabhegi ikako kanonzi ampulla yeVater. Ma enzymes enyongo nepancreatic zvinozosangana pamwe chete zvopinda muura hudiki.
Zita iri rinobva pachinhu chinoshamisa. Rinotumidzwa zita iri kubva muchimiro chebhodhoro rakatenderera rainzi "ampulla" raishandiswa munguva dzeRoma . Rinotumidzwawo zita rekuti "raVater" mukuremekedza nyanzvi yezvemuviri Abraham Vater, uyo akatanga kuritsanangura.
Kutaura chokwadi, iyi i "link" yakabatikana zvikuru mugadziriro yedu yekugaya. Kana link iyi isiri kushanda zvakanaka, maitiro edu ese ekugaya anogona kukanganiswa.
Nhengo diki iyi iri kupi?
Ampulla yeVater iri mukati memadziro eduodenum, chikamu chekutanga cheura hwedu hudiki . Duodenum chikamu cheura hudiki chinopfuura nepakati mushure medumbu, chakareba masendimita makumi matatu. Ampulla yeVater iri pakati peduodenum iyi.
Nzvimbo iyi inokosha zvikuru mune zvehutano. Nekuti apa ndipo panonyanya kugayiwa chikafu chakapwanyika uye chakapwanyika mudumbu uye zvinovaka muviri zvirimo zvinotanga kutorwa nemuviri. Sekunge kugovana basa, dumbu richiri kuita basa raro rekupwanya chikafu, duodenum nemamwe ura hudiki zvinotanga kutorwa. Maitiro iwayo haagoneke pasina mvura inobva mudumbu iri.
Ndezvipi zvikamu uye mabasa eAmpulla yeWaiter?
Mukati meiyi nzira diki, mune sisitimu yakaoma uye inoshamisa. Yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya ne network yetsandanyama dzakaipoteredza. Tinodaidza idzi sphincters . Sevharuvhu yemvura, tsandanyama idzi dzinovhurika uye dzinoswedera pedyo kuti dzitonge kuti bile nema enzyme akawanda sei zvinopinda muura hudiki, uye riini.
Hatigone kudzora tsandanyama idzi sezvatinoda. Dzinoshanda dzoga zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvatinogamuchira kubva kuhurongwa hwedu hwetsinga. Patinodya chikafu chine mafuta, tinoda bile rakawanda kuti rigayiwe. Zvadaro, chiratidzo chinobva muuropi hwedu, uye tsandanyama idzi dzinovhurika dzoburitsa bile rinodiwa. Hazvishamisi here?
Tafura iri pazasi ichatibatsira kunzwisisa zvikamu zvayo zvikuru uye mabasa azvo zviri nyore.
| Chikamu | Ingoshanda |
|---|---|
| Sphincter weOddi | Iri ndiro zita rehurongwa hwese hwekudzora. Kune dzimwe tsandanyama diki dzakawanda mukati meiyi. |
| Kuvhiyiwa kwepancreatic duct stenosis | Inodzora kufamba kwema enzymes kubva mupancreas. |
| Kuvharika kwenzira ye bile | Inodzora kuyerera kwenyongo kubva muchiropa. |
| Kurongedza maampoule | Kuburitswa kwemvura dzese dziri mbiri muura hudiki kunodzorwa. |
| Papilla yeVater | Uyu ndiwo mukana mudiki apo ampulla inovhurika ichipinda muura hudiki. |
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinogona kukanganisa chikamu ichi?
Kana chimwe chinhu chikakanganisika panzvimbo diki iyi asi yakakosha zvikuru, chinogona kukanganisa muviri wedu wese. Nekuti kana bile nema enzymes zvikasagona kubuda nekunamira mukati, zvinogona kudzokera shure nekukuvadza chiropa nepancreas.
Zvinotevera ndizvo zvirwere zvikuru zvinogona kuitika zvine chekuita neampulla yeVater.
| Dambudziko rehutano | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Adenoma | Iyi haisi kenza, asi kukura kusingawanzoitiki kwemasero (bundu) iro rinogona kuva kenza. Parinokura, rinogona kuvhara mitsipa yeropa uye kukonzera matambudziko. |
| Kenza yeAmpullary | Adenoma yataurwa pamusoro apa inogona kukura kuita kenza. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakomba uye zvinowanzoda kubviswa neoparesheni. |
| Kusashanda zvakanaka kweSphincter yeOddi | Izvi zvinoreva kuti tsandanyama, iyo yakaita segedhi, haivhurike zvakanaka panguva yainofanira kuvhurwa. Ipapo mvura inovharirwa mukati yokonzera matambudziko. |
| Kuvharirwa | Nzvimbo iyi inogona kuvharika nekuda kwezvimwe zvikonzero. Chikonzero chinowanzoonekwa matombo emunduru anonamira munzvimbo iyi yakamanikana. Dzimwe nguva, nzvimbo iyi inogonawo kuvharika nekuda kwemaronda ekare nemavanga. |
Ndingaziva sei kana paine dambudziko ne ampulla yangu ye waiter? Ndezvipi zviratidzo?
Kana ampulla yeVater ikavharirwa nebundu, dombo, kana rimwe dambudziko, bile nema enzyme hazvigone kubuda. Mvura iyi inobva yaungana mukati me ducts ye bile ne pancreas, zvichiwedzera kumanikidzwa uye zvichikanganisa system yese. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvinotevera:
- Kurwadziwa mudumbu: Kurwadziwa, kunyanya muchikamu chepamusoro chedumbu.
- Biliary colic: Marwadzo akanyanya anouya kamwe kamwe obva apera mushure mechinguva.
- Jaundice: Kutsvuka kwemavara machena emaziso neganda. Izvi zvinoitika kana bile risingakwanise kuburitswa, uye bilirubin yeruvara rweyero inoungana muropa.
- Kusvotwa nekurutsa: Dambudziko iri rinogona kuitika nekuda kwekusagaya zvakanaka.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, kana uchinzwa sekuti une zviratidzo izvi, kunyanya kutsvuka kwemaziso neganda, usazviregeredza. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri chiratidzo chechirwere chakakomba. Saka shanyira chiremba wako nekukasika.
Vanachiremba vanoongorora uye vanorapa sei izvi?
Nerombo rakanaka, neruzivo rwemazuva ano rwekurapa, hazvidikanwi kuita oparesheni huru kuti uongorore uye urape ampulla iyi yeVater. Vanachiremba vanowanzo shandisa nzira inonzi endoscopy pachinangwa ichi.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa chubhu diki ine kamera diki kumagumo nemuromo, ichipfuura nemudumbu, uye ichisvika paampulla yeVater munduru. Tinodaidza nzira iyi kuti ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) .
Chinhu chakakosha cheiyi nzira ndeichi:
1. Kuongorora: Chiremba anogona kunyatsoongorora nzvimbo iyi nekamera obva aona kuti dambudziko nderei chaizvo.
2. Kurapa: Panguva iyoyo, zvishandiso zvidiki zvinogona kupfuudzwa nemuchubhu kubvisa chero matombo emunduru akanamatira munduru, kuwedzera kuvharika, kana kutora chidimbu chidiki chenyama (biopsy) kuti chiongororwe. Kunyangwe mamwe mabundu madiki anogona kubviswa nenzira iyi.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane mukana wekuongorora chirwere pamwe nekurapa nenzira imwe chete. Izvi zviri nyore kuvarwere.
Kamupulla keVater kangave kadiki mumuviri wedu, asi kanoita basa guru. Ndiwo musuwo mukuru wekupinda mudumbu redu. Ndiwo musuwo mumwe chete unoshandiswa navanachiremba kutarisa mukati memukoto wenyongo nepancreas. Ungasambonzwa zita iri, asi kana chiremba akaritaura rimwe zuva, usatya. Matambudziko mazhinji aro anogona kurapwa nehunyanzvi hwepamusoro.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Ampulla yeVater ndiyo nzvimbo huru inoungana bile nepancreas enzymes, zvinokosha pakugaya kwedu, zvinopinda muura hudiki.
- Kuvharika munzvimbo iyi kunogona kukonzera zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu, kuda kurutsa, uye kunyanya jaundice (kutsvuka kweganda).
- Kana ukaona maziso ako kana ganda rako richichinja kuita yero, zvakakosha kuti usazviregerere wobva watsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
- Matombo emudumbu ndiwo anowanzo kukonzera kuvharika kwenhengo dzemuviri munzvimbo iyi.
- Maitiro emazuva ano endoscopic, akadai seERCP, anoita kuti zvikwanisike kuongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvakawanda zvinoitika munzvimbo iyi pasina kuvhiyiwa kukuru.
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