Wakambonzwa bundu pamberi pemutsipa wako here? Kana kuti pane mumwe munhu waunoziva akambonzwa bundu iri here? Dzimwe nguva unogona kufuratira zvinhu izvi. Zvisinei, nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rwegomarara regomarara regomarara rakakomba zvishoma, asi risingawanzoitiki. Rinonzi `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer)` kana `(ATC)`. Izvi zvinganzwika sezvakaoma, asi ngatizvichengete zviri nyore, zvakanaka here?
Chii chinonzi Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC)?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer)` kana `(ATC)` igomarara rinopararira nekukurumidza uye rinotyisa rinoitika mugland redu regland. Waizviziva here kuti `(thyroid)` gland igomarara diki rakaita seshavishavi riri pamberi pemutsipa wako, pasi peganda. Iro chikamu chakakosha che`(endocrine system)` yemuviri wedu, ndiko kuti, system inogadzira mahormone. Mahormone anogadzirwa ne`(thyroid)` iyi anobatsira kudzora mabasa akawanda akakosha mumuviri.
Iyi `(ATC)` inonziwo `(undifferentiated thyroid cancer)`. Chikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti masero egomarara aya haaratidzike uye haaite semasero egomarara ane hutano. Akasiyana zvachose uye ave akaoma kuona. Nekuda kwekuoma uye kukurumidza kwegomarara iri, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) inoita sarudzo nezvegomarara inogara ichiona iyi `(ATC)` segomarara re`(Stage IV)`. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inogona kunge yakakwira zvikuru kana yaonekwa.
Ndiani ane mukana mukuru wekuwana kenza iyi "(ATC)"?
Kenza yeAnaplastic Thyroid inowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu. Zvakaonekwawo kuti vakadzi ndivo vane mukana mukuru wekuwana kenza iyi kupfuura varume.
Mamiriro ezvinhu aya akajairika zvakadii?
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer imhando yekenza isingawanzoitiki . Inobata 2% yekenza dzese dzethyroid. Fungidzira, kunyangwe munyika yakaita seAmerica, munhu mumwe chete kana vaviri pamamiriyoni vanoonekwa vaine chirwere ichi gore rega rega. Saka, ichi hachisi chirwere chinobata vanhu vazhinji.
`(ATC)` iri kukura nekukurumidza zvakadii?
Iri ndiro dambudziko guru rine kenza iyi. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ikenza inokura nekukurumidza uye ine hukasha . Dzimwe nguva inogona kukura nekukurumidza mukati memavhiki mashoma yopararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri.
Fungidzira, muvanhu vanosvika 50% vane chirwere ichi chinonzi "(ATC)``, panguva iyo chirwere ichi chinoonekwa, kenza inenge yapararira kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemuviri uye `yapararira`` . Kazhinji, kenza inopararira nenzira iyi kunhengo dzakadai se`(mapapu)``,``(mapfupa)``, uye``(uropi).
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer)`?
Kazhinji, chirwere chinonzi "Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer" chinotanga kuonekwa.Bundu kana kuti bundu rinoita pamberi pemutsipa, pedyo negland re thyroid.
Mabundu aya e "(ATC)" anokura nekukurumidza, saka anogona kuonekwa zviri nyore nemurwere, mhuri yake, neshamwari. Paunobata bundu iri, unogona kunzwa kuoma uye kurwadziwa zvishoma .
Bundu iri parinokura, rinotanga kudzvanya pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzemutsipa (dzakadai sepaipi yemhepo, gumbo). Zviratidzo zvakaita seizvi zvinogona kuitika:
- Kuoma kumedza (dysphagia)
- Kuoma kufema (dyspnea)
- Kushoshoma kana kuchinja kwezwi
- Kukosora kunogara kwenguva refu
- Kuoma kwetsinga yezwi
Vanhu vane kenza yakapararira (yakapararira) kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri vanogona kusangana nezvimwe zviratidzo pamwe chete nezviratidzo izvi. Semuenzaniso:
- Kurwadziwa kwemapfupa
- Kuzvimba kwemajoini (mapundu)
- Kushaya simba kwemuviri
- Matambudziko etsinga (semuenzaniso, musoro, pfari)
Chii Chinokonzera Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?
Kutaura chokwadi, masayendisiti haasati aziva kuti chii chinokonzera Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC). Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nguva, vanhu vane mamwe marudzi ekenza yethyroid (senge papillary kana follicular thyroid cancer) vanogona kubatwa neATC nekufamba kwenguva.
Uyewo, muvanhu vanosvika 80% vane ``ATC'', kenza iyi inoitika ne``goiter'' yagara kwenguva refu (gland regland rakakura) . Zvinogoneka kuti kune imwe mhando yekenza yegland isati yamboonekwa.
Chirwere ichi chinonzi `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer)` chinoonekwa sei?
Vanachiremba vanowanzoita fine needle aspiration (FNA) kana needle biopsy kuti vaone kana paine kenza ye thyroid (ATC). Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora sampuli diki yenyama, inonzi biopsy, kubva mubundu riri mumutsipa wako uchishandisa tsono yakatetepa . Nyanzvi yezvirwere inobva yatarisa sampuli yenyama pasi pemakroskopu kuti ione kana ine masero ekenza uye, kana zvakadaro, kuti ikenza ye thyroid yerudzii.
Dzimwe nguva, chiremba anogonawo kukurudzira "kuongororwa kweropa" (core biopsy), uko kunoitwa netsono yakakura zvishoma.
Kana ATC yasimbiswa, timu yenyu yezvekurapa icharaira mimwe miedzo yakawanda kuti iongorore hutano hwenyu uye kuona kana kenza yapararira. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuongororwa kweropa uye bvunzo dzemifananidzo, dzakadai se:
- "CT (computed tomography) scan"
- "Kuskena kwe "magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)"
- "Kuongorora kweF-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)"
Nekuda kwehunhu hwegomarara iri, vanhu vese vane Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer vanoonekwa sevarwere veStage IV . Zvisinei, kune marudzi matatu akasiyana:
- Danho reIVA : (ATC) rinowanikwa mugland re thyroid chete. Vanenge 10% yevarwere vakaonekwa kuti vane chirwere ichi vanowira muchikamu ichi.
- Danho reIVB : (ATC) Sezvakaita pagland re thyroid, kenza yakapararira kusvika kumutsipa (kazhinji kusvika kuma lymph nodes) asi haina kupararira kunzvimbo dziri kure mumuviri. Varwere vanosvika 40% vanowira muchikamu ichi.
- Danho reIVC : (ATC) Pamusoro pegland re thyroid, kenza yakapararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo dziri kure mumuviri (semuenzaniso, mapfupa, mapapu, uropi). Varwere vanosvika 50% vane danho iri.
Kenza yeAnaplastic Thyroid inorapwa sei?
Kutaura chokwadi, `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer - ATC)` igomarara rakaoma kurapa . Chikonzero ndechekuti rine simba guru uye rinogona kupararira nekukurumidza, mukati memutsipa uye kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemuviri (dzakadai semapapu, mapfupa, nehuropi).
Saka, zvakakosha zvikuru kutanga kurapwa nekukurumidza uye kutsvaga kurapwa kubva kuna vanachiremba vane ruzivo rwekurapa `(ATC)`.
Pakurapa ATC, timu yevanachiremba vane hunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana inoshanda pamwe chete. Chikwata ichi chinowanzo sanganisira nyanzvi dzinotevera:
- Vanachiremba veEndocrinologists
- Vanachiremba vekenza yekurapa
- Vanachiremba vekenza yemwaranzi
- Vanachiremba vekuvhiya
Kurapa `(ATC)` kunowanzo sanganisira musanganiswa wezvinhu izvi:
- Kuvhiya
- Kurapa nemwaranzi
- Kurapwa nemakemikari
- Kutarisirwa kwekuderedza zviratidzo (palliative care)
Kuvhiyiwa kwe `(ATC)`
Kana uine `(ATC)`, timu yako yezvekurapa ingangokurudzira kuvhiyiwa kubvisa bundu racho. Zvisinei, kana uine mamwe matambudziko ehutano, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuva nengozi.
Nzira inonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa ATC ndeyekubvisa bulking surgery . Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa bundu rekenza rakawanda sezvinobvira, kunyanya paunenge uchiedza kuchengetedza larynx yako (chikamu chebhokisi rezwi rako) uku uchibvisa chero zvikamu zvinogona kutyisidzira kufema kwako.
Asi, zvinosuwisa kuti, kazhinji, kuvhiyiwa kungasakwanisika nekuti bundu rakakura, nzvimbo yaro, uye kuti rakapararira sei.
Asi zvakakoshawo kuziva izvi: Kunewo mishumo yevarwere vakararama kwemakore akati wandei mushure mekugamuchira musanganiswa wakasimba wemwaranzi nechemotherapy (ATC) kunyangwe kuvhiyiwa kwaisakwanisika.
Kurapa nemwaranzi ye `(ATC)`
Kurapa nemwaranzi inzira yekurapa inoshandisa simba guru remagetsi (radiation) kuuraya masero ekenza kana kuamisa kukura.
Kana uine ATC, timu yako yezvekurapa ingangokurudzira rudzi rwakakosha rwekurapa nemwaranzi inonzi External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT). Izvi zvinosanganisira kunanga X-rays kunzvimbo dzinoda kurapwa (kazhinji bundu pacharo kana kenza yakapararira kumapfupa kana dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri).
Kurapwa nemakemikari (chemotherapy) kwe `(ATC)`
Chemotherapy imhando yekurapa kenza inoparadza masero ekenza uye inoadzivirira kuti asaberekane.
Kana uine ATC, timu yako yezvekurapa inogona kukurudzira chemotherapy seimwe nzira yekurapa mushure mekuvhiyiwa kana radiation therapy kuti uuraye chero masero ekenza asara. Chemotherapy, kunyanya yeATC, inogona kuwedzera kushanda kweradiation therapy. Izvi zvinoreva kuti inogona kuita kuti kenza ive nyore kubatwa nemwaranzi, kana kuti radiation therapy ishande zvakanyanya.
Mishonga mitsva yechemotherapy yakaratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka mukurapa mamwe magomarara akasimba yava kuwanikwa kune kenza yethyroid inotyisa. Kunyange zvazvo mishonga iyi isingakwanise kurapa magomarara akasimba akapararira mumuviri wese, inogona kunonotsa kana kutodzora kukura kwegomarara kusvika pamwero wakati.
Mimwe yemishonga yechemotherapy inoshandiswa pakurapa kenza yethyroid ndeiyi:
- Taxanes (semuenzaniso, paclitaxel kana docetaxel)
- Mishonga yeAnthracyclines (semuenzaniso doxorubicin)
- Mapuroteni ePlatinum (semuenzaniso cisplatin kana carboplatin)
Kutarisirwa Kwevanhu Vasina Kurwara (ATC)
Kutarisirwa kwevarwere vane marwadzo emusana (palliative care) inzira yekurapa inoderedza marwadzo, zviratidzo, uye kushungurudzika kunokonzerwa nechirwere chakakomba.
Kana uine `(ATC)`, timu yako yezvekurapa inogona kukurudzira mishonga iyi yekurapa kuderedza kushushikana kuti ibatsire kudzora zviratidzo zve`(ATC)` pamwe nemigumisiro yekurapwa.
Kutarisirwa kwevarwere vane marwadzo emudumbu (ATC) kunogona kusanganisira:
- Tracheostomy (kuisa chubhu nepahuro kuti ibatsire kufema)
- Kuisa chubhu mudumbu kuti mwana adye (chubhu yedumbu kana G-tube)
- Kupa mishonga inoderedza marwadzo
Vanachiremba vanopa rubatsiro rwekurapa kenza panguva imwe chete pavanenge vachirapa kenza. Kurapa kenza hazvirevi kuti kurapa kenza hakuzobudiriri.
Ko Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer inogona kurapwa zvizere here?
Zvinosuwisa kuti, kufanana nedzimwe mhando dzekenza yethyroid, kenza yethyroid isina kucheneswa haigone kurapwa zvizere nekuvhiyiwa. Kunyangwe kubviswa kwethyroid, iyo inobvisa gland rese rethyroid, hairebese hupenyu hwevarwere vane ATC.
Kenza yeAnaplastic Thyroid inogona kudzivirirwa here?
Zvinosuwisa kuti, kazhinji, hapana nzira yekudzivirira Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC).
Zvisinei, kana wakamboonekwa uine goiter kana kuti nodule yethyroid isina gomarara (isina kuipa), zvakakosha kuti ugare uchiongororwa hutano hwethyroid nachiremba. Dzimwe nguva ATC inogona kukonzerwa nemamwe marudzi egomarara rethyroid kana goiter.
Kana ndine `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer)`, chii chandinofanira kutarisira?
Kufanana nemunhu wese, nyaya yega yega yeAnaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC) yakasiyana. Uye ndizvo zvakaitawo maitiro ekurapwa. Tichifunga nezverudzi rweATC, zvakaoma kufanotaura remangwana nemazvo .
Zvisinei, masayendisiti ari kuwana mishonga mitsva zuva nezuva yekurapa kenza yethyroid yakakwira, kusanganisira (ATC). Kunyangwe kurapwa kuchigona kuoma, zvakakosha kuti usarasikirwa netariro kana chirwere ichi chaonekwa kekutanga .
Zvakakosha kushanda nechikwata chevanachiremba vane ruzivo muAnaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Kana usingakwanise kusvika kuchipatara chikuru chine vanachiremba vane ruzivo muATC, kumbira vanachiremba vemunharaunda yako kuti vashande nenyanzvi dziri munzvimbo idzodzo dzine ruzivo kuti vagadzire hurongwa hwako hwekurapa.
Zvakakoshawo kunzwisisa njodzi nemabhenefiti enzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa. Unofanira kutaura wega, uye kuwana rutsigiro kubva kumhuri neshamwari.
Chiyero chekurarama kwe `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer)` chii?
Avhareji yenguva yekurarama kweAnaplastic Thyroid Cancer (ATC) imwedzi mishanu kusvika mitanhatu mushure mekuonekwa kuti une chirwere ichi. Vanhu vasingasviki 20% vane ATC vanorarama gore mushure mekuonekwa vaine chirwere ichi .
Kunyange zvazvo nhamba idzi dzingave dzinotyisa zvishoma, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti kune vanhu vakararama kwemakore akati wandei mushure mekurapwa kwe `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer)`.
Chii chinonzi Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?
Nekuda kwehunhu hwakasimba hwekenza ye thyroid isina kupararira uye kushaikwa kwenzira dzinoshanda dzekurapa, fungidziro yechirwere ichi inowanzova isina kunaka .
Vanhu vazhinji vane ATC vanofa mukati megore, kungave nekuda kwekuvharika kwenzira yekufema nebundu kana kubva pamatambudziko anokonzerwa nekupararira kwekenza kumapapu (pulmonary metastases).
Zvisinei, varwere vane ``(ATC)`` vane zvinhu izvi vanogona kuva nemaonero ari nani zvishoma:
- Kuva nemakore ari pasi pe60.
- Bundu iri riri kudivi rimwe chete regland re thyroid (bundu re unilateral).
- Hukuru hwegomarara iri pasi pemasendimita mashanu (5 cm).
- Kenza haina kupararira kusvika kuma lymph nodes kana kunzvimbo dziri kure.
Ndingazvitarisira sei kana ndine Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer?
Kana uine kenza ye thyroid isina kugadzikana, nzira yakanakisisa yekuzvitarisira ndeyekunzwisisa zvakajeka mafambiro echirwere chako. Bvunza chiremba wako zvaunotarisira zvichienderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo ehutano.
Idzi hadzisi hurukuro dziri nyore kwauri kana kuna chiremba wako, asi dzakakosha zvikuru. Chiremba wako anogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa zviri kuitika mumuviri wako uye zvingangoitika mune ramangwana. Vanogonawo kukubatsira kufunga nezvesarudzo dzako uye kupa mazano ekushandisa angakubatsira.
Kana ndine Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer, ndinofanira kufunga nezve hospice care here?
Kuchengetwa kwevanorwara zvakanyanya (hospice care) kunobatsira vanhu vane zvirwere zvakakomba, zvinovatadzisa kurarama mazuva avo ekupedzisira nerunyararo, ruremekedzo, kutonga, uye hupenyu hwakanaka.
Kana vanhu vachirwara nechirwere chakakomba, nguva yavo nesimba ravo zvinowanzo tarisa pakurapwa. Pavanenge vachifunga nezvekuchengetedzwa kwevarwere vanorwara, pfungwa dzavo dzinobva pakurapwa voenda panzira yavanenge vachida kushandisa nguva yavo. Vanhu vazhinji vanosarudza kutsvaga rubatsiro rwekuchengetedzwa kwevarwere vanorwara mushure mekutaura nezvazvo nachiremba wavo, mhuri, nevamwe vadikanwi vavo. Kana uri kufunga nezvekuchengetedzwa kwevarwere vanorwara, kumbira chiremba wako kuti akubatsire kuwana ruzivo nezvekushandisa.
Kuonekwa uine kenza, zvisinei nerudzi rwei, kunogona kushamisa. Netarisiro yakaipa yekenza ye thyroid isina kugadzikana, inogona kutyisa zvikuru. Kunyangwe kurapa kenza ye thyroid isina kugadzikana (ATC) kuchigona kuoma, zvakakosha kuti usarasikirwa netariro paunoonekwa kekutanga. Kana uri kunetseka nepfungwa yechirwere chinogona kuuraya, taura nechikwata chako chehutano. Vanogona kukubatsira kuwana zvekushandisa kuti zvikubatsire kufamba munzira yako.
Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira kubva pane zvatakurukura (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)
Zvakanaka, saka ikozvino une pfungwa nezve `(Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer - ATC)` yatakataura nezvayo. Kunyangwe iyi iri nyaya yakakomba, zvakakosha kuti uzive.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti kana uine zviratidzo zvakaita sebundu idzva riri kukura nekukurumidza mumutsipa wako, kuoma kumedza, kuoma kufema, kana kuchinja inzwi rako, unofanira kuona chiremba.
- ATC rudzi rwegomarara rethyroid risingawanzoitiki, asi rine hukasha, uye rinopararira nekukurumidza .
- Kazhinji inobata vakadzi vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu .
- Zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka nekukurumidza. Zvikuru zvacho ibundu riri mumutsipa, kurwadziwa, kuoma kumedza, uye kuoma kufema .
- Kurapa kwakaoma, asi kurapwa kunoitwa nekubatanidza nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekurapa (kuvhiyiwa, mwaranzi, chemotherapy, kurapa kwekurwadziwa kwemoyo).
- Zvakakosha zvikuru kuona chirwere ichi nekukurumidza uye kutsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuchikwata chevanachiremba vane ruzivo .
- Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma seaya , simba repfungwa nerutsigiro rwemhuri neshamwari zvinokosha.
Tinovimba kuti ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira. Kana uine mimwe mibvunzo nezveizvi, ndapota bvunza chiremba. Ramba uine hutano!
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