Pane dambudziko here ne aorta yemoyo wako? Ngatikurukurei nezve Aorta!

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti chii chinonzi tsinga yeropa yakakura uye inonyanya kukosha mumuviri wedu? Inonzi aorta, kana kuti aorta . Yakafanana nemugwagwa mukuru mumuviri wedu. Inomhanya kubva pamwoyo kusvika mudumbu. Ndiyo inotakura ropa rakachena, rakazara neokisijeni rinopombwa nemoyo kuenda kumuviri wese. Saka, kana chimwe chinhu chikakanganisika neaorta iyi, inogona kukanganisa muviri wese. Ndiro boka rezvirwere zvinokanganisa aorta, yatinodaidza kuti Aorta .

Chii chinonzi Aorta? Ngatinzwisise zviri nyore.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, aorta iboka rezvirwere zvinoderedza simba kana kukuvadza madziro etsinga yako yeropa. Fungidzira, moyo wako unopomba ropa zvakananga mutsinga iyi pese painorova. Saka, madziro aya etsinga anofanira kunge akasimba kwazvo kuti atsungirire kumanikidzwa ikoko. Asi, chii chinoitika kana madziro aya asina simba? Anogona kutsemuka kana kupatsanura. Izvi zvine njodzi huru. Rudzi rweaorta yaunayo ruchakanganisa aorta zvakasiyana.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru e aorta?

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze aorta. Ngatitaurei nezvedzimwe dzemhando huru.

Aneurysm yeAortic yedumbu (AAA)

Apa ndipo apo rusvingo rweaorta yako, iyo inofamba nemudumbu mako, runoshaya simba uye runobuda sebharumu. Tinotiwo izvi ianeurysm . Chirwere ichi chinowanzo bata vanhu vane makore anopfuura 65, vanoputa fodya, kana avo vane zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera chirwere chemwoyo. "(AAA)" iyi ine njodzi nekuti inogona kuputika kamwe kamwe uye kukonzera kubuda ropa kunotyisidzira hupenyu.

Aneurysm yeAortic Aortic yeTsamba (TAA)

Uku kuderera kana kuti kukura kwechikamu cheaorta chinofamba nepachipfuva. Chirwere che `(TAA)` hachiwanzoitika se `(AAA)`. Zvisinei, chinowanzoitika mumhuri, zvichireva kuti chinogona kupfuudzwa nezvizvarwa. Kufanana ne `(AAA)`, njodzi huru ye `(TAA)` ndeyekuti inogona kuputika.

Dambudziko rine njodzi rinonzi Aortic Dissection

Izvi zvakaoma zvishoma. Chinoitika pano ndechekuti jira remukati remadziro e-aorta rinobvaruka. Izvi zvinoitika apo rusvingo rwe-aorta rusina kusimba. Dzimwe nguva, sezvambotaurwa, zvinogona kuitika kana paine aneurysm. Zvisinei, zvinogonawo kuitika pasina aneurysm. Kune mhando mbiri huru dzeizvi. Rudzi rweA kupatsanurwa kubvaruka muchikamu che-aorta chiri pedyo nemoyo (kureva, pamberi pe-aortic arch). Rudzi rweB kupatsanurwa kubvaruka mushure me-aortic arch, muchipfuva kana mudumbu. Uku ``(Aortic Dissection)`` chirwere chinotyisidzira hupenyu chinoda kuzivikanwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa .

Ngatidzidzei nezveFamilial Aortopathy?

Familyal Aortopathy chirwere chemajini chinoitika mumhuri.Kurwara kwetsinga dzeropa muropa (Familial aortaopathy) chirwere chetsinga huru dzeropa chinokonzerwa nenhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere chetsinga huru dzeropa (aorta). Vanhu ava vane rudzi rwemajini runoita kuti vave nedambudziko rechirwere chetsinga huru dzeropa (aorta). Kazhinji, chirwere ichi chinokanganisa tsinga huru dziri muchipfuva, kunyanya mudzi wetsinga huru dzeropa (aorta) kana kuti ascending aorta.

Kunewo mapoka maviri makuru mune izvi:

Chii chinonzi Syndromic Aortopathy?

Tinodaidzawo kuti `(Syndromic hereditary thoracic aortic disease)`. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, une genetic syndrome inokanganisa aorta yako uye inokonzera dzimwe shanduko mumuviri wako. Mamwe ma syndromes anotungamira kuchirwere cheaortic ndeaya:

• Chirwere cheLoeys-Dietz
• `Marfan syndrome`
• "Turner syndrome"
• "Dambudziko reMitsipa yeEhlers-Danlos"

Ngatiziveiwo nezve Non-syndromic Aortopathy

Izvi zvinonzi "Non-syndromic heritable thoracic aortic disease." Pano, hauna chirwere chegenetic syndrome, asi une gene variant inowedzera njodzi yako yekuva nechirwere cheaortic. Masayendisiti akabatanidza genetic mutations dzinopfuura makumi mashanu neaortic iyi. Mamwe majini akabatana zvakanyanya ndeaya:

• `ACTA2` (Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kuonekwa)
• `FOXE3`
• `LOX`
• `MYH11`
• `MYLK`

Yeukai, kana paine munhu mumhuri yenyu akambova neaneurysm kana kutsemuka kweaorta, taurai nachiremba wenyu nezvekuongororwa kwemajini . Kana mukaonekwa kuti mune chirwere cheaorta, mungangoda kuongororwa majini kuti muone kana vamwe vemumhuri menyu vari panjodzi.

Chii chinonzi Bicuspid Aorta?

Izvi zvinonziwo `(Bicuspid valve-associated aortopathy)`. Izvi zvinoreva kuti, pamwe chete ne aortic stenosis, unewo chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho chinonzi Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV) . Ichi `(BAV)` chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho chinowanzoitika, chinobata anenge mwana mumwe chete pavana makumi mashanu.

Zvino, vharuvhu yako yeaortic ndeimwe ye "magedhi" mana anodzora kuyerera kweropa mumoyo mako. Inodzora kuyerera kweropa kubva kuruboshwe rwe ventricle, imba huru yemoyo inopomba, ichipinda mu aorta. Vharuvhu yeaortic ine hutano ine mapepa matatu anovhurika nekuvharika kuti adzore kuyerera kweropa. Zvisinei, vharuvhu yeaortic ine mapepa maviri chete. Izvi zvingasakonzera matambudziko makuru kwenguva yakati, asi zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko nekufamba kwenguva.

Kana uine bicuspid aorta, vharuvhu yako yeaorta ine mapepa maviri, uye aorta yako yakafara kupfuura yakajairwa (yakakura). Muvanhu vane bicuspid aorta, kukura kwacho kunowanzoitika mumudzi weaorta kana muaorta inokwira. Idzi ndidzo zvikamu zveaorta zviri pedyo nemoyo.

Matambudziko eBicuspid Aortopathy

Aorta yakakura zvishoma ingasava dambudziko guru. Zvisinei, kana ikanyanya kukura, aneurysm inogona kukura. Aneurysm iyi inowedzera kudzvanywa pamadziro eaorta, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuti iputsike kana kutsemuka. Vanhu vane bicuspid aortopathy vane mukana wekuva neaortic dissection kanenge kapfumbamwe kupfuura vanhu vasina chirwere ichi.

Kurwara uku kwemoyo kwakajairika zvakadii?

Zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwechirwere. Aortic aneurysm (AAA) ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuwanikwa yeaorticopathy, uye ndiyowo mhando inonyanya kuwanikwa yeaneurysm. MuUnited States chete, vanhu vanosvika 200,000 vanoonekwa vaine AAA gore rega rega. Pasi rose, vanhu vanosvika 47,000 vanofa gore rega rega nekuda kwemarudzi ese eaorticopathy.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveAorta? Usazvifuratira!

Aortaopathy inowanzova isina zviratidzo . Ndiyo ine njodzi huru. Ndosaka zvichikosha kuti ugare uchiongororwa nachiremba kana uine zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi.

Pane zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuoneka kana aneurysm yava kuda kuputika. Zviratidzo zvinonyevera zvinogona kuoneka isati yaputika zvinosanganisira:

• Kunzwa kuguta kunyangwe mushure mekudya zvishoma.
• Kurwadziwa kunogara kuripo kumusana, kumagaro, muhudyu, pagumbo, kana mudumbu.
• Kunzwa kurova kwemoyo mudumbu.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka.

Kuputika kweAneurysm uye kupatsanurwa kweaorta injodzi dzinotyisidzira hupenyu! Kana uine zviratidzo zvinotevera , fonera 1990 nekukasika kuti utore amburenzi, kana kuenda kuchipatara chiri pedyo nekukurumidzira:

• Kurwadziwa kwakanyanya mudumbu kamwe kamwe.
• Kurwadziwa kwakakomba, kwakakomba, uye kwakakomba muchipfuva kana kumusana wekumusoro. Izvi zvinogona kunzwa sekunge kuri kubvarurwa mukati, sekunge kubayiwa nebanga, kana sekunge kuri kubayiwa.
• Ganda rinonamira kana kuti kudikitira zvakanyanya.
• Kuvhiringidzika.
• Dzungu kana kufenda.
• Kurova kwemoyo kunowedzera.
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka.
• Kuoma kutaura.
• Kurasikirwa nekuona.
• Kushaya simba kana kuti kusanzwa zvakanaka kune rumwe rutivi rwemuviri.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveAorta?

Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinokonzera aortopathy. Zvimwe zviripo pakuzvarwa, nepo zvimwe zvichikura pazera rekukura.

• Majini: Sezvambotaurwa, zvirwere zvemajini uye kusiyana kwemajini zvinogona kukonzera chirwere cheaorta. Familyal aortopathy inowanzogara nhaka nenzira inotonga autosomal. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana mubereki mumwe chete aine jini iri, mwana wavo ane mukana we50% wekurigara nhaka.
• Chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho: Izvi zvinosanganiswa neaorta. Izvi hazvirevi kuti aortopathy inokonzerwa nechirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho, asi zviviri izvi zvinowanzoonekwa pamwe chete. Mienzaniso: `Bicuspid aortic valve`, `Coarctation of the aorta`, `Pulmonary atresia ine ventricular septal defect (VSD)`, `Tetralogy of Fallot`, `d-Transposition of the great arteries`, `Truncus arteriosus`. Aorta inogonawo kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwezvirwere zvemwoyo zvekuzvarwa nazvo. Mienzaniso: `Arterial switch (ASO) operation`, `Atrial baffle (Mustard/Senning) operation`, `The staged Norwood, Glenn and Fontan surgeries`.
• Kuora kwetsinga dzeropa: Uku ndiko kuunganidzwa kwemafuta (plaque) mukati metsinga, zvichiita kuti dzitete zvishoma nezvishoma. Kuora kwetsinga dzeropa (atherosclerosis) ndiyo inonyanya kukonzera kuora kwetsinga dzeropa mukukura kwehupenyu.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa neaorta?

Kune zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukonzera aorta:

• Kusvuta nekushandisa fodya: Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru chinokonzera njodzi . Ruzhinji rweaneurysms runoitika muvanhu vanosvuta kana kuti vakambosvuta kare.
• Kukwira kweropa (Hypertension): Dambudziko iri rinogona kunetesa madziro etsinga nekufamba kwenguva.
• Kukwegura: Njodzi yekubatwa neaneurysm inowedzera mushure memakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu.
• Nhoroondo yemhuri: Kana nhengo yemhuri yako chaiyo yakambova neaneurysm kana kutsemuka kwetsinga, uri panjodzi yakakura.
• Cholesterol yakakwira kana kuti triglycerides yakakwira: Kuwedzera kwemafuta (lipids) muropa kunowedzera njodzi yekuchengetwa kwemafuta mutsinga.
• Zvirwere zveAutoimmune: Zvirwere zveAutoimmune zvakaita se'Giant cell arteritis' uye 'Takayasu arteritis' zvinogona kukonzera kuzvimba mumadziro etsinga huru, zvichiita kuti dzisashande zvakanaka.
• Utachiona: Kashoma, hutachiona hwakadai sesyphilis, kana hutachiona hwemabhakitiriya hwemadziro etsinga huru, hunogona kuideredza simba.

Ungaziva sei aorta?

Kutsemuka kwetsinga dzeropa (aneurysms) nekuchekwa kwetsinga dzeropa (dispensions) kazhinji hazvina zviratidzo kana zviratidzo zvekunyevera, saka zvinogona kusaonekwa kusvika paitika matambudziko akakomba. Zvisinei, kana uine zvinhu zvinokuvadza, chiremba wako achaongorora aorta yako kuti aone kana paine zviratidzo zvechirwere.

Nzira dzinoshandiswa kuongorora aorta ndeidzi:

• Kuongororwa kwemuviri: Chiremba wako achaongorora zvese zvine chekuita nehutano hwako. Achaongororawo zvinhu zvinokonzera chirwere chemwoyo. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvunza nezvenhoroondo yako yezveutano, mararamiro ako (akadai sekusvuta fodya), uye nhoroondo yemhuri.
• Kuongororwa kwemajini: Chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuongororwa kwemajini. Izvi zvicharatidza kana uine shanduko dzemajini dzine chekuita nechirwere chemwoyo.
• Kuongororwa kwemifananidzo: Chiremba wako anogona kuraira bvunzo idzi kuti aone saizi uye hutano hweaorta yako. Kuongororwa uku kunoyera dhayamita yeaorta yako uye kuona kana yakafara kupfuura zvakajairwa.

Ndezvipi zvidzidzo zvinoshandiswa kuongorora aorta?

• "Kuongororwa kweCT nekombiyuta" (computed tomography)
• "Kufungidzira kweMagnetic resonance (MRI)"
• Kuongororwa kwemoyo neTransthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) (kuongororwa kwemoyo)
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) (kuongorora kwemoyo kunoitiswa kuburikidza negurokuro)
• Ultrasound yedumbu (ultrasound scan yedumbu)

Bvunzo yega yega ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Chiremba wako achatsanangura kuti ndeipi bvunzo yaunoda uye nei. Chiremba wako anogona zvakare kushandisa imwe kana kupfuura yebvunzo idzi kuti aongorore aorta yako nekufamba kwenguva. Ungangoda kutora mifananidzo iyi nguva nenguva (semuenzaniso, kamwe chete pagore). Kuti unofanira kuita bvunzo idzi kangani zvinoenderana nenjodzi dzako uye hutano hweaorta yako huripo.

Ndezvipi zvirongwa zvekurapa aorta?

Kurapwa kunoenderana nemamiriro ako chaiwo uye njodzi yekusangana nematambudziko. Chiremba wako achagadzirisa marapirwo ako kuti aenderane nemamiriro ako ezvinhu uye zvaunoda. Sarudzo dzekurapa dzinosanganisira kuchinja mararamiro ako, mishonga, nzira dzekurapa, uye kuvhiyiwa.

Ngatitangei nekuchinja mararamiro!

Kuchinja mararamiro kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kufambira mberi kwemamwe marudzi echirwere cheaortic uye kuderedza njodzi yekuputika kweaneurysm. Kana uine chirwere cheaortic, zvakakosha kuita zvinotevera:

• Dzivisa doro.
• Dzivisa kusvuta uye zvese zvinogadzirwa nefodya.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano pamoyo.
• Rovedza muviri nguva dzose (sezvawakarairwa nachiremba wako).
• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka kwauri.
• Dzora zvinhu zvine njodzi yezvirwere zvemwoyo zvakaita seBP yakakwira uye cholesterol yakakwira.

Kana zvichidikanwa, kunewo mishonga yakaita seiyi.

Chiremba wako anogona kukupa mushonga wekubatsira kuderedza BP yako. Mishonga yeBP inoderedza kumanikidzwa kweropa pamadziro etsinga yako. Izvi zvinogona kuderedza njodzi yekuputika kana kutsemuka kwetsinga huru. Mhando dzemishonga dzaungatora dzinosanganisira:

• "Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors"
• ``Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)``
• `Beta-blockers`
• `Zvivhariso zveCalcium channel`
• Mishonga inokonzeresa weti (Diuretics) (mishonga inoita kuti munhu awedzere kuita weti)

Kuvhiya nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa

Vamwe vanhu vanoda kurapwa kwemishonga kana kuvhiyiwa kwe aorta. Izvi zvinosanganisira:

• Kuvhiyiwa kweAneurysm (kuvhiyiwa kwepachivande kwechinyakare)
• Kuvhiyiwa kwekutsiva midzi yeAortic
• Kugadziriswa kweEndovascular aneurysm (EVAR) - Uku kurapwa kunosanganisira kuisa chubhu nepaburi diki.
• Kugadziriswa kweaneurysm yechipfuva (TEVAR) - Uku kurapa kwakafananawo netsinga dzechipfuva.

Chii chatingaita kuti tideredze njodzi ye aorta?

Unogona kuderedza njodzi yako yekurwara neaorta nekugara uchirarama hupenyu hune hutano hwemwoyo. Heano mamwe matipi:

• Dzivisa zvinodhaka: Fodya, zvinodhaka, nedoro hazvina kunaka kumoyo wako. Kutaura zvazviri, zvinogona kukuvadza mwoyo wako netsinga dzeropa. Rega kusvuta nezvinodhaka zvachose. Kana zvasvika kune doro, ziva chaizvo kuti chii chinonzi 'chinwiwa' uye deredza huwandu hwacho. Vanachiremba vanokurudzira kuti vakadzi vasapfuure 'chinwiwa' chimwe chete pazuva uye varume vasapfuure 'chinwiwa' zviviri pazuva.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano pamoyo: Izvi zvinosanganisira kudya chikafu chine mafuta akawandisa, mafuta e trans, sodium (munyu), uye shuga shoma. Deredza makabhohaidhiretsi akacheneswa (senge chingwa chichena) uye idya zviyo zvakawanda (senge chingwa chegorosi rose, mupunga webrown). Zvakare, ziva kuti kudya kunovaka muviri kunokanganisa sei huwandu hwecholesterol mumuviri wako.
• Kurovedza muviri: Hapana nzira imwe chete yekurovedza muviri. Ita zvaunoda. Zvakare, tevera zano rachiremba wako nezvekurovedza muviri kwakachengeteka kwauri. Vanachiremba vanowanzo kurudzira maminetsi zana nemakumi mashanu ekurovedza muviri zvine mwero pasvondo. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kufamba nekukurumidza, kuchovha bhasikoro, kana kushambira.
• Kudzora kushushikana: Hazvisi nyore sezvazvinonzwika. Asi zvakakosha kuedza kudzidza nzira itsva dzekukubatsira kugadzirisa kushushikana muhupenyu hwako hwezuva nezuva. Zvakare, taura nemhuri yako neshamwari nezvenzira dzinoshanda kwavari.

Ndeipi tarisiro yemunhu ane Aorta? (Outlook)

Munhu akanakisa wekubvunza nezveramangwana rako ndichiremba wako. Iye achafunga nezvezvinhu zvakawanda, semuenzaniso:

• Dambudziko rako chairo rehutano.
• Mwero wekufambira mberi kwechirwere chako.
• Zera rako uye murume kana mukadzi.
• Zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi yechirwere chemwoyo.
• Nhoroondo yezveutano hwemhuri yako.
• Nhoroondo yako yese yezvekurapa.

Taura nachiremba wako nezvezvaunotarisira mune ramangwana.

Kana ndine Aorta, ndinofanira kuzvitarisira sei?

Chiremba wako achakupa gwara rekuzvitarisira. Tevedzera gwara iroro nemazvo, uye bvunza chiremba wako kana uine mibvunzo. Uchafanira kuita zvinotevera:

• Dzivisa kurovedza muviri kunorema kana kuita mitambo yakaoma.
• Deredza kana kurega kunwa doro zvachose.
• Shandura kudya kwako.
• Rega kusvuta kana kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvefodya.
• Inwa mushonga wako sezvawakarairwa.

Kubata pamuviri uye Aorta

Kubata pamuviri kunogona kuva nengozi kana uine chirwere chemwoyo. Taura nachiremba wako usati waronga kubata pamuviri kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti hazvina njodzi kwauri. Ungangoda kutarisirwa kwakakosha panguva yekuzvitakura (senge kuongororwa kwemifananidzo nguva nenguva) kuderedza njodzi yekusangana nematambudziko. Dzivisa mishonga isina njodzi panguva yekuzvitakura. Chiremba wako angangoda kuchinja mishonga yako.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba nguvai?

Ona chiremba wako kuti akuongorore gore rega rega, uye enda kune dzimwe nguva dzese dzekuonana nachiremba. Chiremba wako achakuudza kuti unofanira kuuya kangani kuzoongororwa.

Kana wakamboonekwa uine chirwere chemwoyo chawakazvarwa nacho uri mudiki, pamwe waiva nachiremba wemwoyo wevana aitarisira chirwere chako. Asi, mushure mekunge wasvitsa makore gumi nemasere, ungangove usina kuwana nyanzvi itsva. Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti vanhu vazhinji vanovhiringidzika pavanochinja kubva pakuchengetwa kwevana kuenda kuchipatara chevakuru. Kana wakarapwa chirwere chemwoyo chawakazvarwa nacho uri mudiki, zvakakosha kuramba uchishanda nachiremba wemwoyo semunhu mukuru. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyangwe usinganzwe matambudziko. Chiremba wako wemwoyo achakupa mazano nezvenjodzi yako yeaorta uye mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu sezvaunokura.

Chekupedzisira, zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Aorta chirwere chakakomba chinogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi kana chikasazivikanwa uye chikarapwa. Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako akambova neaneurysm kana kutsemuka kweaorta, taura nachiremba wako nezvenjodzi yako. Vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru nekuda kwezvirwere zvemajini, chirwere chemwoyo chawakazvarwa nacho, kana zvinhu zvakaita sekusvuta. Kurarama hupenyu hune hutano hwemoyo kunogona kuderedza njodzi yako yeaorta uye kusimbisa muviri wako wese.Chengeta moyo wako, nekuti ndiwo moyo wehupenyu hwako!

` Aorta, Aorta, Chirwere chemwoyo, Aneurysm, Aortic Dissection, Zvirwere zvemajini, Marwadzo echipfuva, Kukwira kweropa, Kusvuta, Hutano hwemoyo