Mwana wako mudiki paakazvarwa, chiremba akati ane mwoyo unogunun'una here? Kana kuti paakakura, akakurumidza kuneta kupfuura vamwe vana paaimhanya nekutamba here? Izvi zvinogona dzimwe nguva kuva zviratidzo zvechirwere chemwoyo chaakazvarwa nacho. Asi usavhunduke. Haasi ese marwere emwoyo akakomba. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezverudzi rwechirwere chemwoyo chinowanzoitika, asi chisingakonzeri maziso ebhuruu.
Chii chinonzi Acyanotic Heart Disease?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho (CHD) chirwere chinoitika kana moyo wemwana wakura panguva yekuzvitakura. Izvi zvinoreva kuti pane zvikanganiso zvidiki muchimiro kana mashandiro emoyo. Izvi zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri huru.
1. Chirwere chemwoyo cheCyanotic Congenital: Murudzi urwu, nekuda kwekusakwana kwemoyo, huwandu hweokisijeni muropa hunoenda kumuviri hunoderera. Zvadaro , nzvimbo dzakadai semiromo, rurimi, uye minwe inotanga kuita bhuruu . Ruvara urwu rwebhuruu runonzi 'cyanosis'.
2. Chirwere chemwoyo cheAcyanotic Congenital: Murudzi urwu rwechirwere chemwoyo, hapana kushomeka kweokisijeni muropa rinoenda mumuviri, kunyangwe paine chikanganiso mumoyo. Nokudaro, muviri haushanduki kuita bhuruu. Zvisinei, nekuda kwechikanganiso chiri mumoyo, pane kusarongeka kweropa rinoyerera mumuviri wese.
Izvi zvinoreva kuti, muchirwere chemwoyo chisiri checyanotic, kunyangwe paine okisijeni yakawanda muropa, pane dambudziko nemafambiro anoita ropa mumoyo. Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera kuomerwa pamoyo.
Dambudziko iri rakajairika zvakadii?
Vanenge vasere pavana chiuru chega chega vacheche pasi rose vane chirwere chemwoyo chekuzvarwa nacho. Pavana ava, 75%, kana kuti zvikamu zvitatu muzvina, ndivo rudzi rwechirwere chemwoyo chinonzi acyanotic. Saka unogona kuona kuti ichi hachisi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki.
Ndedzipi mhando dzezvirwere zvemwoyo zvisingawanzoitiki?
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzezvirwere zvemwoyo dzinoonekwa pasi peizvi. Ngatinzwisisei imwe neimwe nenzira iri nyore. Tarisa tafura iyi.
| Zita rechirwere (Mashoko Ekurapa) | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, izvi ndizvo zvinoitika. |
|---|---|
| Chirema cheVentricular Septal (VSD) | Buri riri pamadziro rinoparadzanisa makamuri maviri epazasi (ventricles) emwoyo. Iri ndiro dambudziko remwoyo rinowanzoitika. Kazhinji, maburi madiki anovhara ega nekufamba kwenguva. |
| Chirema cheAtrial Septal (ASD) | Buri riri pamadziro rinoparadzanisa makamuri maviri epamusoro emwoyo (atria). Maburi aya haawanzovharika ega, seVSD. Maburi makuru angangoda kuvharwa nekuvhiyiwa. |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) | Kana mwana ari mudumbu, pane hukama pakati petsinga mbiri huru dzinodzivirira ropa kuti risayerere kuenda kumapapu. Hukama uhwu hunofanira kuvharika mushure mekuzvarwa. Kana husingaenderere, hunonzi PDA. Izvi zvinowanzoitika muvana vacheche vasati vasvika nguva. |
| Stenosis yeAortic | Kutetepa kwevharuvhu yeaorta, uko ropa rinopinda muaorta, tsinga huru inotakura ropa kubva pamoyo kuenda kumuviri wese. Izvi zvinoita kuti moyo ushande nesimba kupomba ropa. |
| Kurwara kwemapapu | Kutetepa kwevharuvhu yetsinga dzemapapu inotakura ropa kubva pamoyo kuenda kumapapu. |
| Kubatana kweAorta | Kuvharika kana kutetepa kwetsinga huru yeropa (aorta) inotakura ropa kuenda kumuviri. |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi?
Vamwe vacheche vane chirwere ichi vanogona kusaratidza zviratidzo pakuzvarwa. Chiratidzo chega chingave chiri chekuwedzera kweruzha rwemoyo (kugunun'una kwemoyo) uko chiremba anonzwa ne stethoscope.
Zvisinei, nekufamba kwenguva, sezvo mwoyo unoramba uchishanda nesimba kupomba ropa, mamwe matambudziko anogona kumuka. Kukwira kweropa (BP) kunogona kuitika nekuti mwoyo unofanirwa kushanda nesimba kupomba ropa. Dzimwe nguva, kukwira kweropa mumapapu (pulmonary hypertension) kunogonawo kuwedzera. Pakupedzisira, kutadza kwemoyo kunogona kuitika, mamiriro ezvinhu apo mwoyo hauchakwanise kupomba ropa zvakanaka. Zviratidzo zvinotevera zvinogona kuitika nezvirwere izvi:
- Kushaya mweya: Kunyanya kana uchiita maekisesaizi kana kuti uchineta.
- Dzungu: Kunzwa kamwe kamwe kwekutenderera.
- Kunzwa kuneta zviri nyore: Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya kunyangwe mushure mekuita basa renguva dzose (Kuneta).
- Kusaziva: Unogona kurasikirwa nepfungwa kamwe kamwe wobva wadonha.
Chii chinokonzera mamiriro ezvinhu aya?
Masayendisiti haasati akwanisa kutaura zvizere kuti sei matambudziko emwoyo ekuzvarwa nawo aya achiitika, asi vakaona kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera izvi.
- Machromosome asina kujairika: Pane njodzi yakakura yekukuvara kwemoyo uku kune mamwe majini.
- Majini: Kana mumwe munhu mumhuri akambova nechirwere chemwoyo chaakaberekwa nacho, mukana wekuti mwana awane chirwere ichi wakakwira zvishoma.
- Mamwe matambudziko ehutano angavepo amai panguva yekuzvitakura anogona kukanganisa mwana ari mudumbu, akadai sechirwere cheshuga, hutachiona hwemavhairasi hwakadai serubella, kushandiswa kwemishonga yakati, uye kushandiswa kwemishonga.
Nzira yekuziva sei chirwere ichi?
Kana chiremba wako akanzwa ruzha rwemwoyo rwakawedzerwa kana mwana wako akaratidza chimwe chezviratidzo zvataurwa pamusoro apa, acharaira bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti asimbise chirwere chacho.
- X-ray yechipfuva: Izvi zvinogona kutarisa saizi nechimiro chemwoyo uye mamiriro emapapu.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Muedzo uri nyore unoyera mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo.
- Echocardiogram (Echo): Iyi ndiyo bvunzo inonyanya kukosha. Inoita se ultrasound scan yemoyo. Inokwanisa kuona zvese zviri mumoyo, kusanganisira makamuri, mavharuvhu, nemaburi ari mumadziro.
- Kugadziriswa kweCatheterization yeMoyo: Muizvi, chubhu tete (catheter) inopfuudzwa nemutsinga yeropa iri muruoko kana gumbo ichipinda mumoyo kuti ione zvinhu zvakaita sekumanikidzwa mukati memoyo, mwero weokisijeni, nezvimwewo. Dzimwe nguva dhayi inopinzwa kuti ione kuyerera kweropa.
Inorapwa sei?
Nzira yekurapa inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita serudzi rwechirwere chemwoyo, kuoma kwacho, uye zera remurwere.
Dzimwe nguva hapana mushonga unodiwa. Semuenzaniso, buri diki riri muVSD rinogona kuvhara roga mwana paanokura.
Asi kana zviratidzo zvikaonekwa kana chiremba akaona kuti panogona kunge paine kukuvara kwemoyo, kurapwa kuchadiwa.
- Mishonga: Mishonga inopiwa kubatsira mwoyo kushanda zviri nyore, kudzora BP, kana kubvisa mvura yakawandisa mumoyo.
- Maitiro eCatheter: Maitiro asiri ekuvhiya, akafanana necardiac catheterization, anosanganisira kupinza chubhu diki mumoyo uye kuisa chivharo chidiki/mudziyo kuti uvhare buri, senge ASD kana VSD.
- Kuvhiyiwa: Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo wese kunogona kudiwa kugadzirisa zvimwe zvikanganiso.
Nzira yekurarama zvakanaka sei nechirwere ichi?
Vanhu vazhinji vane chirwere chemwoyo chisiri chemwoyo vanorarama hupenyu hwakazara, hwakajairika. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kunzwisisa mamiriro ako uye kutevedzera zano rachiremba wako.
Kana iwe kana mwana wako aine chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kuti mugare muchiongororwa nachiremba wemwoyo wemunhu mukuru . Iye achakutungamirirai pane zvinotevera:
- Sarudza kuti ndeapi mazinga ekurovedza muviri akakodzera uye akachengeteka kwauri.
- Tevedzera kudya kunovaka muviri.
- Gara uchitarisa kuti mamiriro emoyo wako anochinja sei sezvaunokura.
- Kana zvichidikanwa, tora mishonga, yakadai semishonga yeBP, yekuderedza kushushikana kwemoyo.
- Kana ukasarudza kubata pamuviri, zvakakosha kuti ukurukure nachiremba wepfungwa nguva isati yasvika, sezvo izvi zvichiwedzera mutoro pamoyo.
- Sarudza zvakarurama kuti kuvhiyiwa kana kumwe kurapwa kunodiwa riini.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi acyanotic heart disease chinokonzerwa nekuzvarwa nacho. Zvisinei, muchiitiko ichi, muviri haushanduki kuita bhuruu nekuti hapana oxygen inoshaikwa muropa.
- VSD, ASD, uye PDA ndidzo zvirwere zvinonyanya kuoneka muchikamu ichi.
- Vamwe vana vangasaratidza zviratidzo pakutanga, asi gare gare vanogona kuva nezviratidzo zvakaita sekuoma kufema uye kuneta.
- Mazhinji ematambudziko aya ane mishonga inoshanda, uye mamwe anongoerekana apera.
- Kana iwe kana mwana wako muine chirwere ichi, zvakakosha kuti mugare muchiongororwa nachiremba wemwoyo. Musazvidya mwoyo, kana mukabatwa zvakanaka, munogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka.
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