Mwana wenyu ari kuramba chikafu here? Hazvisi kungogumira pakudya here? Ngatidzidzei nezve Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)!

Mwana wako haadi kudya zvimwe zvekudya here? Kana kuti iwe pachako haudi kutotarisa zvimwe zvekudya here, uye hauna chido chekudya? Nhasi, tichakurukura zvakadzama kana izvi zvichingova 'kusawirirana nechikafu' kana chimwe chinhu chakakomba. Kunzwisisa chirwere ichi nemazvo kuchakubatsira iwe nevadikanwi vako.

Chii chinonzi ARFID? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore...

ARFID, kana kuti Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder, chirwere chinotapurirana kana kuramba huwandu hwechikafu chavanodya. Kufanana nemamwe matambudziko ekudya, hachisi chirwere chinotapurirana nemuviri wavo uye chinoedza kuderedza huremu.

ARFID inogona kukonzera kuti:

• Handichadi kudya.
• Kutya zvichaitika mushure mekudya. Semuenzaniso, kugara uchinetseka nezvekudzipwa kana kurutsa.
• Zvimwe zvekudya zvinorambwa nekuti hazvina kunaka muruvara, kuravira, kunhuhwirira, kana magadzirirwo azvo.

Dzimwe nguva chiremba wako anogona kudana izvi kuti "chirwere chekudya chekusarudza." Izvi zvinoreva kuti ungangoda kudya marudzi mashoma ezvekudya. Unogonawo kutanga tsika, maitiro, kana tsika dzekudya kwako. Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanhu vanodya chikafu nenzira yakatarwa, chimwe mushure mechimwe.

Chirwere ichi, chinonzi ARFID, chinogona kukanganisa hutano hwako hwese nekudzivirira muviri wako kuti usawane zvinovaka muviri zvaunoda. Zvakakoshawo kuyeuka kuti kana chikarapwa zvakanaka, chinogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi .

Kungodya zvinhu zvisina basa here?

Kwete, ARFID haisi kungodya zvisina kunaka chete. Kune vana vadiki vasingade ruvara, kuravira, kunhuhwirira, kana magadzirirwo ezvimwe zvekudya uye havazozvidyi. Izvi ndizvo zvatinoti 'kusarudza chikafu'. Asi izvi zvinowanzogumira kune zvekudya zvishomanana chete. Hazvina kukanganisa zvakanyanya chido chemwana kana kukura kwake. 'Kusarudza' uku kunowanzopera mwana paanokura.

Asi ARFID chirwere chakakomba zvikuru. Muchiitiko ichi, kushaikwa kwekudya kwakakwana kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya chido chemwana, kukura kwake, uye hutano hwake hwese. Chirwere ichi hachigadzirisiki pasina kurapwa.

ARFID yakajairika zvakadii?

Kutaura zvazviri, ARFID chirwere chitsva chakaiswa muDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), rudzi rwezvirwere zvepfungwa zvinoshandiswa navanachiremba kuongorora varwere. Saka, kuchine data shoma kubva muzvidzidzo zvevanhu vakawanda nezvekupararira kwacho.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveARFID? Tinozviziva sei?

ARFID inogona kukonzera shanduko dzemuviri nemaitiro dzakadai se:

Zvinhu zvinoonekwa panyama:

• Kudzikira kwehuremu kwakakosha.
• Kugara uchinetseka nekuzvimba .
• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu, kusagadzikana kwemudumbu, uye kuzvimba.
• Kupisa kwemuviri kwakaderera pane zvakajairwa.
• Kunzwa kuneta nguva dzose uye kuneta .
• Kuenda kumwedzi kusingaenderane nevakadzi nevasikana vadiki.
• Kunzwa dzungu kana kupera simba.
• Kukura kwebvudzi rakatetepa (lanugo) pamuviri, kunyanya kumusana nemaoko.
• Kushaya simba kwetsandanyama.

Kuchinja kwemaitiro:

• Kunzwa "wakaguta" usati wadya, kana kurasikirwa nechido chako zvachose .
• Zvakaoma kuramba wakatarisa.
• Kudzikamisa huwandu hwechikafu chinodyiwa nemaune.
• Inodya chikafu chine magadzirirwo akaenzana chete (semuenzaniso, chikafu chakapfava chete, kana chikafu chakakangwa chete).
• Ndinogara ndichitya zvinhu zvakaita sekurutsa mushure mekudya kana kuti chikafu chinonamira pahuro.
• Pfungwa yekuti vanhu vaimbofunga nezvekudya zvakanyanya iri kuramba ichiwanda, uye huwandu hwezvikafu zvinogona kudyiwa huri kuramba huchiderera.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti ARFID haikonzerwi nemaonero asina kunaka pamusoro pemuviri wemunhu kana nekuda kuderedza uremu.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveARFID?

Chikonzero chaicho cheARFID hachisati chazivikanwa , asi tsvakiridzo yezvekurapa inoratidza kuti zvinhu zvinoverengeka zvinogona kuita basa racho:

• Kunetseka kwakanyanya.
• Kutya zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kunyanya chikafu.
• Kumwe kuchinja kwemajini .
• Zvimwe zvezvinhu zvinopesvedzera nharaunda yedu, nzanga, uye tsika dzedu.
• Zvakaitika kare zvinoshungurudza , kunyanya zvine chekuita nechikafu.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa neARFID?

ARFID inogona kubata vanhu vezera ripi zvaro, kusanganisira vakuru nevana. Zvisinei, inonyanya kuitika muhudiki . Unogona kunge uri panjodzi yekubatwa nechirwere ichi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:

• Kana wakambosangana nezviitiko zvinorwadza zvine chekuita nechikafu. Semuenzaniso, kushaya chikafu, kumanikidzwa kudya, kana kushaya chikafu.
• Kana uine dambudziko repfungwa (semuenzaniso, kuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) kana chimwe chirwere chinokanganisa kukura kwetsinga.
• Kana usingade zvakanyanya magadzirirwo ezvimwe zvekudya.
• Kana uchigara uchitya kuti kudya chikafu kuchakuvadza muviri wako.
• Kana nhengo dzemhuri yako yepedyo (mhuri yako chaiyo) dzakambova nematambudziko ekudya.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika nekuda kweARFID?

Kana ARFID ikasarapwa zvakanaka, matambudziko akasiyana-siyana anogona kuitika, mamwe acho ane njodzi huru.

• Kushaya chikafu chinovaka muviri : Kusawana zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa nemuviri.
• Kushaya mvura mumuviri : Kuderera kwehuwandu hwemvura mumuviri.
• Kusawirirana kwema electrolyte : Kusawirirana kwemunyu wakaita se sodium ne potassium.
• Anemia : Kushaikwa kweropa.
• Kuderera kweropa.
• Kutetepa kwemapfupa (Osteoporosis) .
• Kumira kwemwoyo kamwe kamwe kunogona kutoitika.
• Kunonoka kuyaruka kwevana.
• Kuchinja uye kutadza kukura kwemuviri.

Migumisiro iyi dzimwe nguva inogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi . Zvinoshamisa kuti dzimwe nguva muviri wemunhu ane ARFID unogona kujaira kushushikana uku uye kusaratidza zviratidzo zvekunze. Saka, kunyangwe paine bvunzo, chirwere ichi chingasanyatsoonekwa, asi chirwere chacho chingave chichiwedzera kuipa mukati.

ARFID inogonawo kukanganisa hupenyu hwako hwemagariro evanhu. Semuenzaniso, ungasade kudya nemhuri, kuenda kumapati eshamwari, kana kutora chikamu muzviitiko zvine chekuita nechikafu. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa hukama hwako nemhuri neshamwari, uye zvinokukanganisa kubva kubasa rechikoro nebasa.

ARFID inoonekwa sei?

Chiremba achaona kana uine ARFID nekutarisa zvimwe zvinodiwa. Izvi zvinotevera:

• Kurambidzwa kwekudya kunofanira kunge kwakakonzera kudzikira kwehuremu zvakanyanya (muvana, kutadza kukura zvakanaka), kushaya chikafu chakakwana , kuvimba nekudyisa vana nechubhu kana mavhitamini/zvekudya zvinovaka muviri, uye/kana kushamwaridzana nevamwe kunofanira kunge kwakakanganiswa nekurambidzwa kwekudya.
• Kurambidzwa kwekudya uku hakufanirwe kunge kuri nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwechikafu, kutsanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvechitendero, kana chirwere chiripo kana kurapwa kwacho.
• Uyewo, kurambidzwa kwekudya uku hakufanirwe kuitwa nepfungwa dzisina kunaka pamusoro pechitarisiko chemuviri wemunhu kana nechinangwa chekuderedza huremu kana kushandura chimiro chemuviri wake.
• Kunyangwe kana kurambidzwa kwekudya kuri nekuda kwechirwere kana kurapwa, kunofanira kunge kuri padanho rinopfuura mwero wemigumisiro inogona kutarisirwa uye kukonzera matambudziko makuru pahutano hwese.

Kuti asimbise zvinhu izvi, chiremba wako achaita bvunzo yemuviri, uye anogonawo kuraira kuongororwa kweropa kana weti kuti aongorore hutano hwako, huwandu hwekudya, uye kutarisa mashandiro enhengo dzako dzemukati. Miedzo iyi inokosha nekuti mhedzisiro yechirwere ichi inogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi uye inogona kukanganisa nhengo dzakawanda dzemuviri.

ARFID inorapwa sei?

Kune zvinangwa zvikuru zvakawanda mukurapa ARFID:

• Kukubatsira kuwana uye kuchengetedza huremu hwakanaka .
• Kudzivirira matambudziko anokanganisa hutano hwako hwese.
• Kukubatsira kugadzirisa matambudziko ako emanzwiro, kusada kunzwa, uye kutya nezvekudya.

Kurapa kukuru kweizvi iCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Kurapa uku kunogona kukubatsira nezvinhu zvakaita se:

• Ziva pfungwa nematambudziko nemaitiro ari kukanganisa hutano hwako.
• Deredza kutya kana kuzvidya mwoyo nezvekudya.
• Iva akasununguka uye wakasununguka nezvinetso zvekunzwa.

Dzimwe nguva, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga yekubatsira pfungwa dzako nemuviri wako kupora uye kudzivirira matambudziko anotyisidzira hupenyu. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira mishonga yekurwisa pfungwa, mishonga yekuora mwoyo, kana mishonga inokurudzira chido chekudya. Zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako nezvemigumisiro inogona kuitika yemishonga chero ipi zvayo usati watanga kuitora.

Muzviitiko zvakakomba, chiremba anogona kusarudza kupa chikafu chemukati kwenguva pfupi. Iyi ichubhu inochinjika, yakatetepa inopinzwa nemhino kana zvakananga mudumbu kana muura hudiki. Chubhu iyi inobvumira muviri kugamuchira zvinovaka muviri pasina kudya nemuromo.

Ndiani anorapa ARFID? Unoda timu yenyanzvi here?

Ehe, nekuti ARFID chirwere chakaoma, ungangoda rubatsiro rwechikwata chevanachiremba nevarapi kuti vakurape. Chikwata ichi chinogona kusanganisira:

• Chiremba wemhuri yako (Chiremba wehutano hwepakutanga) .
• Mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa kana murapi wepfungwa ane maitiro ekufunga .
• Chiremba ane hunyanzvi mukugaya chikafu (Gastroenterologist) .
• Nyanzvi yekutaura (kana paine matambudziko akadai sekumedza).
• Vanachiremba vane hunyanzvi vanorapa mamwe matambudziko anokonzerwa neARFID.

Ndichanzwa zviri nani kwenguva yakareba sei mushure mekurapwa?

Kurapwa kweARFID kunotora nguva. Sezvo munhu wese akasiyana, zvakaoma kupa nguva chaiyo yauchatanga kunzwa zviri nani. Zvinosiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu. Zvisinei, sezvo muviri wako uchitanga kugamuchira zvinovaka muviri zvaunoda, unotanga kunzwa zororo kubva pazviratidzo zvako zvishoma nezvishoma. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekutarisa kufambira mberi kwako uye kutarisa matambudziko matsva angamuka mune ramangwana, sezvo ungangoda rutsigiro rwechikwata chako chekurapa uye kuteverwa nguva dzose muhupenyu hwako hwese .

Pane nzira yekudzivirira ARFID here?

Zvinosuwisa kuti pari zvino hapana nzira inozivikanwa yekudzivirira ARFID kuti isaitike.

Zvakaita sei kune munhu ane ARFID? Chii chaunofanira kutarisira?

ARFID chirwere chepfungwa chinokanganisa muviri wako zvakananga. Kunyange zvazvo pakutanga chingaratidzika sechisina kunaka, migumisiro yekurambidza kudya inogona kuva yakakomba uye inotoisa upenyu panjodzi kana ikasarapwa zvakanaka. Kunyange zvazvo vana vachiwanzokurira dambudziko ravo rekusakwanisa kudya sezvavanokura, ARFID inoda rubatsiro rwechiremba. Inogona kuva chirwere chehupenyu hwese chinoda kugadziriswa. Vanhu vane ARFID vanowanzo gara muchipatara.

Nekuti chirwere ichi chirwere chitsva mukurapa, hapana mushonga mumwe chete unoshanda kune wese munhu. Kazhinji, mhedzisiro yakanaka inowanikwa nekushandisa mishonga yakasiyana-siyana, yakadai semishonga uye cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, zvakakosha kuona chiremba nekukurumidza sezvinobvira:

• Kana usingakwanise kudya kana kunwa mvura shoma.
• Kana uchinzwa kutya kwakanyanya kana kunetseka paunenge uchidya.
• Kana usina chido kana chishuwo chekudya.
• Kana ukangoerekana wadzikira uremu zvakanyanya pasina chikonzero.
• Kana uri kusangana nezvimwe zviratidzo zvine chekuita neARFID zvataurwa munyaya ino.

Yeuka kuti hazvisi nyore nguva dzose kuti munhu ane chirwere chepfungwa azive kuti anoda rubatsiro uye okumbira rubatsiro rwacho. Saka, rutsigiro, kunzwisisa, uye kukurudzirwa kwevadikanwi vako zvakakosha zvikuru pakuita kuti vatumirwe kune mumwe munhu anogona kupa rubatsiro rwekurapa runodiwa.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Paunoenda kunoona chiremba, usazeza kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• "Chiremba, chii chaizvo chandakaona?"
• "Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wepfungwa here?"
• "Mishonga yauri kundinyorera inogona kukonzera matambudziko api?"
• "Kana ndisingakwanise kudya zvakanaka, ndoita sei kuti ndiwane chikafu chinodiwa nemuviri wangu?"
• "Ndichada chubhu yekudyisa here?"

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peARFID neAnorexia?

ARFID neAnorexia Nervosa zvirwere zvepfungwa zvinorambidza kudya. Asi pane musiyano mukuru . Anorexia inoitika kana munhu aine maonero asina kunaka nezvemuviri wake uye achirambidza kudya kwake achiedza kuchinja mufananidzo iwoyo, kunyanya kuderedza uremu. MuARFID, muganho hausi wemuviri wake.

Ko ARFID chikamu cheAutism Spectrum Disorder here?

Kwete. Kunyange zvazvo zvimwe zvezviratidzo zveARFID zvingafanana nezvirwere zveAutism spectrum disorder (ASD), zvirwere zviviri zvakasiyana . Semuenzaniso, zvirwere zvose zvinogona kusanganisira kusada kudya zvimwe zvekudya. Zvisinei, kune vanhu vane ARFID, kusada kunzwa uku kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba, akadai sekushaya chikafu chakakwana.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvatinofanira kurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakanaka, saka ndinotarisira kuti izvi zvinokupa kunzwisisa kuri nani kweARFID. Chekupedzisira, yeuka pfungwa idzi:

• ARFID chirwere chepfungwa chakaoma chisingavandudzike kana pasina kurapwa, saka hachifanirwe kutorwa sechisina basa.
• Kunyangwe izvi zvingaita sekunge 'kusawirirana nechikafu' pakutanga, kana muviri ukasawana chikafu chinodiwa, zvinogona kukonzera matambudziko ane njodzi uye anotyisidzira hupenyu .
• Kune marapirwo aripo , asi zvinotora nguva uye mwoyo murefu. Rutsigiro rwechikwata chevanachiremba vako nevadikanwi vako ruchakubatsira zvikuru kuti udzoke pahutano hwakanaka.

Kana muchifunga kuti imi kana mumwe munhu waunoziva angave nedambudziko iri, ndapota tsvagai mazano echiremba. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakosha zvikuru!

` ARFID, Dambudziko reKudzivirira/Kudzora Kudya Kwechikafu, kusada kudya, kuramba kudya, kushomeka kwekudya kunovaka muviri, hutano hwepfungwa, hutano hwemwana, matambudziko ekudya, kudya kwakasarudzwa