Patinofunga nezvemapfupa, tinoafunga sechimwe chinhu chinopa simba nekusimbisa muviri, handiti? Izvozvo ndezvechokwadi. Asi waiziva here kuti mukati memapfupa edu makuru mune chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa, senge fekitori inorarama? Ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti bone marrow, kana muchirungu `(Bone Marrow)`. Ichi chikamu chakakosha uye chakakosha muhupenyu hwedu. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezve bone marrow iyi nemashoko akareruka.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi mupfupa uyu?
Mupfupa wemapfupa ndiwo mupfupa wakapfava, wakaita sejelly uri mukati memapfupa edu. Kutaura zvazviri, ndiwo nzvimbo huru yekugadzira ropa mumuviri wedu. Masero ako ese eropa, kusanganisira masero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, uye maplatelet, anogadzirwa mupfupa uyu.
Funga nezve bone morrow sefekitori huru yekambani huru. Fekitori iyi ndiyo inogadzirwa nemuviri mhando dzakasiyana dze "vashandi" (kureva masero eropa) aunoda uye anoatumira mumuviri wese kuburikidza netsinga dzeropa.
- Masero Matsvuku Eropa: Aya ndiwo "basa rekutumira" rinotakura okisijeni mumuviri wese.
- Masero Machena Eropa: Aya ndiwo "mauto ekudzivirira" emuviri wedu. Anorwisa utachiona hunokonzera zvirwere.
- Maplatelet: Iri ndiro "chikwata chekugadzirisa" chinomisa kubuda ropa kana paine kukuvara kune imwe nzvimbo.
Zvese izvi zvinogadzirwa mumongo wemapfupa. Kwete izvozvo chete, asi mungo wemapfupa unobatsirawo kuchengetedza mafuta kuti muviri ushandise kana wava kuda. Saka, hatigone kurarama tisina mungo wemapfupa.
Waizviziva here kuti kune mhando mbiri dzemapfupa emupfupa?
Ehe, kune mhando mbiri huru dzemapfupa emubofu mumiviri yedu. Dzinosiyaniswa neruvara rwadzo. Paavhareji, munhu mukuru ane makirogiramu angangoita 2.5 emarudzi ese ari maviri mumuviri wake.
Ngationei kuti mhando mbiri idzi ndedzipi.
| Rudzi rwemupfupa | Basa guru uye tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Muromo Mutsvuku weMapfupa | Iyi ndiyo fekitori huru inogadzira masero edu eropa. Mukurapa, tinoidaidza kuti maitiro aya (Hematopoiesis) . Masero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, uye maplatelet anogadzirwa kubva kumasero chaiwo ari mukati memuboora mutsvuku. |
| Muromo wemapfupa eyero | Rudzi urwu runonyanya kugadzirwa nemafuta. Basa rayo guru nderekuchengetedza mafuta kuti ashandiswe kana simba richidikanwa. Zvakare, masero emuviri ari mairi anogona kubatsira kuvaka mapfupa, shwashwa, tsandanyama, uye masero emafuta. |
Patinenge tiri vadiki, kusvika pamakore angangoita manomwe ekuberekwa, mapfupa edu anenge akagadzirwa nemapfupa matsvuku. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti panguva iyoyo, muviri unoda masero eropa akawanda kuti ukure. Sezvatinokura, mamwe emapfupa matsvuku aya anoshanduka kuita maronda eyero.
Ndingapa here mupfupa wemapfupa? Sei?
Ehe, zvinogona zvechokwadi. Chinhu chakanaka kuita kuti uponese hupenyu. Mune zvimwe zvirwere, kunyanya leukemia, inova kenza yeropa, masero ari mumongo wemapfupa anova asina kujairika, zvichimisa kugadzirwa kwemasero eropa ane hutano uye zvichibvumira masero ekenza asina kujairika kukura nekukurumidza.
Panguva dzakadai, nekuisa mupfupa wemapfupa kubva kumunhu ane hutano kuenda kumunhu anorwara (Bone Marrow Transplant), muviri wemurwere unogona kutanga kugadzira masero eropa ane hutano zvakare.
Chinoitika apa ndechekuti masero emuviri ane hutano, anotorwa kubva kumupi ane hutano, anoiswa muropa remurwere. Masero acho anobva aenda ogara mumongo wemapfupa emurwere otanga kugadzira masero eropa ane hutano.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokanganisa mapfupa emupfupa?
Sezvo mupfupa uri iwo nzvimbo huru yekuburitswa kweropa, zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita neropa zvinogona kuitika kana mashandiro emupfupa akakanganisika. Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezvirwere zvikuru zvakadaro.
| Dambudziko rehutano | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Leukemia | Iyi igomarara rinokanganisa mupfupa neropa. Masero ari mupfupa anochinja-chinja uye anobereka masero machena eropa akawanda asina kujairika pasina nzira yekuadzora. |
| Multiple Myeloma | Rudzi rwakakosha rwesero rinonzi plasma cells mubhonzo remapfupa rinova kenza uye rinokura zvisingadzoreki. |
| Kupererwa neropa muropa | Chinoitika apa ndechekuti mupfupa haugadzi masero eropa akakwana (matsvuku, machena, uye maplatelet). Zvinoita sekunge fekitari yemupfupa yamira kushanda. |
| Polycythemia Vera | Izvi zvinoitika kana mupfupa uchigadzira masero matsvuku eropa akawandisa, izvo zvinoita kuti ropa rikure uye zvinowedzera njodzi yekugwamba kweropa. |
| Zviratidzo zveMyelodysplastic | Iri iboka rezvirwere. Muizvi, masero eropa anogadzirwa nemapfupa emubofu haana hutano uye haashande zvakanaka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, huwandu hwemasero eropa ane hutano mumuviri hunoderera. |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zvezvirwere izvi?
Kunyangwe chirwere chimwe nechimwe chine zviratidzo zvakananga kana paine dambudziko nemwongo wemapfupa, zvinotevera zviratidzo zvakajairika:
- Kuneta uye kuneta: Pasina masero matsvuku eropa akakwana, muviri hauwani oxygen yaunoda.
- Zvirwere zvinowanzoitika: Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemasero machena eropa ane hutano, masoja emuviri anoshaya simba.
- Kukuvara uye kubuda ropa zviri nyore: Nekuda kwehuwandu hushoma hwemaplatelet, kunyangwe kucheka kudiki kunotora nguva yakareba kuti ropa rimire kubuda. Ganda rinogona kukuvara zviri nyore.
- Kushaya simba kwetsandanyama.
- Kuchenuruka.
Kana uine zviratidzo zvakadai, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba wako nekukasika kuti akupe mazano.
Maitiro ekutarisa hutano hwemabhonzo?
Kana chiremba akafungidzira kuti une dambudziko nebota rako, pane bvunzo mbiri dzinogona kusimbisa dambudziko racho. Dzese idzi bvunzo dzinowanzoitwa uchishandisa mushonga unobvisa zvinyadzi, saka hauzonzwi kurwadziwa kwakanyanya.
1. Kufema Bone Morrow: Muizvi, tsono yakakosha inoshandiswa kubvisa sample yemvura nemasero kubva mubone morrow. Sample iyi inoedzwa kuti ione kuti ndeapi marudzi emasero ari mubone morrow uye kuti akajairika here kana kuti asina kujairika.
2. Kuongororwa kweBone Morrow Biopsy:Muizvi, chidimbu chidiki chenyama yemapfupa inotorwa uchishandisa tsono yakakura zvishoma. Izvi zvinotibvumira kunzwisisa zviri nani marongerwo emasero mumapfupa, pamwe chete nemhando nehukuru hwemasero.
Mushure mekuongororwa uku, panogona kuva nekurwadziwa uye mavanga panzvimbo yakapinzwa tsono kwemazuva mashoma. Asi izvozvo zvakajairika.
Chii chatingaita kuti mapfupa emupfupa arambe akasimba?
Sezvo mwongo wemapfupa uri hwaro hwemapfupa edu, ropa, uye tsandanyama, kuita zvinhu zvinobatsira kuchengetedza nhengo idzodzo dzakagwinya zvakanakawo kune mwongo wemapfupa.
- Idya chikafu chine mapuroteni akawanda: Isa chikafu chine mapuroteni akawanda senge nyama isina mafuta akawanda, hove, bhinzi, nzungu, mukaka, nemazai mukudya kwako. Mapuroteni akakosha pakuvaka masero ane hutano.
- Chengetedza mavhitamini nemaminerari ako: Iron, vhitamini B9 (folic acid), uye vhitamini B12 zvakakosha zvikuru pakuumbwa kweropa. Idya chikafu chakapfuma mune izvi (muriwo, nyama, nzungu). Asi iva nechokwadi chekubvunza chiremba wako usati watora mapiritsi evhitamini.
- Gadzirisa mamwe matambudziko ehutano: Mamwe matambudziko ehutano anogona kukanganisa mashandiro emubofu, saka zvakakosha kuti uwane kurapwa kwakakodzera kune mamwe matambudziko ehutano aunogona kuva nawo.
- Mararamiro ane hutano: Kurovedza muviri zvakakwana, kurara zvakanaka, uye kudya zvine mwero zvinobatsira pahutano hwenhengo dzese dzemuviri, kusanganisira mupfupa.
Muromo wemapfupa wakaita segamba rakanyarara, asi risingakoshi mumuviri wedu. Ibasa redu kuziva nezvazvo uye kutarisira hutano hwedu.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mupfupa wemapfupa ndiwo fekitari huru mukati memapfupa edu inogadzira masero eropa (masero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, uye maplatelet).
- Kune mhando mbiri dzemapfupa emapfupa, matsvuku neyero. Ropa rinonyanya kugadzirwa nemapfupa matsvuku emapfupa.
- Mukenza yeropa yakaita seleukemia, mashandiro emupfupa anokanganiswa. Kuisirwa mupfupa une hutano kunogona kubatsira varwere vakadaro kuponesa hupenyu.
- Zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba kana ukaona zviratidzo zvakaita sekuneta nguva nenguva, kurwara nguva nenguva, kana kuti mavanga ari nyore.
- Kudya kwakaringana kwakapfuma mumapuroteni nemavhitamini uye mararamiro ane hutano zvinobatsira kuchengetedza hutano hwemapfupa.
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