Ko kana moyo ukangoerekana wamira? (Cardiac Arrest) - Ngatitaurei nezveizvi

Fungidzira kuti paunenge uchitaura neshamwari dzako kana kufamba mumugwagwa, mumwe munhu anoerekana adonha asina kuziva. Paunosvika pauri ukaona, havasi kufema, kurova kwemoyo wavo hakusi kurova... vanoita sevanotonhora. Waizofungei kana ukaona chimwe chinhu chakadai? Izvi ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti kumisa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe . Ichi chirwere chakakomba zvikuru, chinoisa hupenyu panjodzi. Asi kana tikanyatsoziviswa, tinogona kubatsira kuponesa hupenyu hwemumwe munhu. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvezvinhu zvese zviri nyore.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi cardiac arrest?

Kumira Kwemwoyo (Cardiac Arrest) zvinoreva apo mwoyo wedu unomira kurova kamwe kamwe. Kana kuti, mwoyo unorova nekukurumidza uye zvisina kurongeka zvekuti haugone kupomba ropa zvakanaka. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kamwe kamwe, pasina yambiro yekutanga, ndosaka zvichinziwo 'Kumira Kwemwoyo Kamwe Kamwe'. Funga nezvazvo, injini yemuviri wedu moyo. Injini iyi inopomba ropa rine oxygen mumuviri wese. Okisijeni iyi inokosha kuti nhengo dzese, dzakadai seuropi, mapapu, neitsvo, dzishande. Pakumira kwemwoyo, injini iyi inodzima kamwe kamwe. Chii chinoitika ipapo? Hapana ropa rinoyerera chero kupi zvako mumuviri. Kana uropi hukashaikwa oxygen mukati memaminitsi mashoma, uropi hunotanga kukuvara, uye pakupedzisira rufu runogona kuitika. Zvisinei, kukuvara kwemoyo kunokonzerwa nechirwere chemwoyo dzimwe nguva kunogona kukonzera kumisa kwemoyo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kumisa kwemoyo kunogona kuva chikonzero chikuru chekumisa kwemoyo.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvinoonekwa chirwere ichi chisati chatanga uye panguva yacho?

Kazhinji, mwoyo unomira pasina zviratidzo zvekunyevera. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vanogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvemwoyo usati wamira. Zvakare, kune zvimwe zviratidzo zvinozoonekwa nemunhu kana aine mwoyo unomira.

Sei izvi zvichiitika? Ndezvipi zvinokonzera kumisa kushanda kwemoyo?

Sezvatakambokurukura, iri idambudziko guru rinowanzoitika mumagetsi emwoyo. Mwoyo wedu une system inogadzira masaini emagetsi. Masaini aya ndiwo anoita kuti moyo urove zvakanaka. Kana system iyi yekutumira masaini ikakanganiswa, mimhanzi yemoyo inova isina kurongeka. Tinodaidza kuti arrhythmias . Chikonzero chikuru chekumira kwemoyo chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi Ventricular Fibrillation (V-fib) . Chinoitika pano ndechekuti makamuri epasi emoyo (ventricles) anoburitsa masaini emagetsi anokurumidza uye asina kurongeka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, moyo unotanga kudedera sechimedu chejelly panzvimbo pekurova. Mwoyo uyu unodedera haugone kupomba ropa. Mugumisiro wacho kumira kwemoyo. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinokonzera kuitika kwearrhythmias ine njodzi:

• Kurwara nemoyo: Kukuvara kwemoyo mushure mekurwara nemoyo kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro emagetsi.
• Chirwere chemwoyo ( CAD ): Kudzikira kana kuvharika kwetsinga dzinopa ropa kumoyo.
• Cardiomyopathy: Kukora kana kusasimba kwetsandanyama yemoyo nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana.
• Kukundikana kwemoyo: Mwoyo haugone kupomba ropa rakakwana mumuviri.
• Matambudziko emwoyo anokonzerwa nekuzvarwa nawo: Matambudziko ane chekuita nechimiro chemwoyo chinowanikwa kubva pakuzvarwa.
• Zvirwere zvemajini zvakaita seLong QT Syndrome (LQTS) neBrugada Syndrome: Izvi zvirwere zvinogarwa nhaka zvinokanganisa mashandiro emagetsi emwoyo.
• Kushanda nesimba zvakanyanya kana tsaona yakakomba: Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa neropa rakawanda kana kudzikira kwehuwandu hweokisijeni mumuviri.
• Kushandisa zvinodhaka: Kushandisa zvinodhaka zvakaita secocaine.
• Mimwe mishonga: Mimwe mishonga inotorwa yezvimwe zvirwere inogonawo kukanganisa chirwere ichi.
• Chirwere cheitsvo: Kuchinja kukuru muhuwandu hwemunyu wakaita sepotassium nemagnesium mumuviri.

Tinoita sei kana munhu akabatwa nechirwere chemwoyo? Tingaponesa sei hupenyu?

Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha. Kumira kwemoyo idambudziko rehutano. Sekondi yega yega inoverengwa. Paminiti yega yega kurapwa kunonoka, mukana wemunhu wekurarama unoderera neinenge 10%. Zvinotora maminetsi mashanu chete kuti kukuvara kwehuropi kutange. 1.Fonera 1990 (Suvaseriya) nekukasika: Chinhu chekutanga chekuita kufonera amburenzi. Vaudze kuti uri kupi chaizvo uye vataure zvakajeka kuti murwere haana chaanoziva uye haasi kufema. 2. Tanga CPR: Usamirire kuti amburenzi isvike. Kana uchikwanisa, tanga CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, CPR inguva yatinodzvanya chipfuva nemaoko edu panzvimbo pemoyo, tichipomba ropa kuenda kuuropi nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Kana usingazive maitiro ekuita CPR, zvirinani dzvanya nekukurumidza uye zvakadzama pakati pechipfuva (CPR yemaoko chete). Unofanira kuzviita nechiyero chenguva dzinenge zana kusvika zana nemakumi maviri paminiti. 3. Tsvaga AED: AED (Automated External Defibrillator) muchina unobatwa nemaoko unogona kuvhundutsa moyo nemagetsi uye kudzoreredza mashandiro emagetsi akajairwa. Izvi zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzakadai senhandare dzendege nenzvimbo hombe dzekutenga. Kana ukawana AED, tevera mirairo iri pairi. Inongoda kuti uise padhi pachipfuva. Muchina uyu unozotarisa kurova kwemoyo wosarudza kana worova kana kusarova. CPR neAED ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuponesa munhu. Kana timu yeamburenzi yasvika, vanozotora murwere kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yechipatara kuti anorapwa zvakare.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvauchasangana nazvo mushure mekupona chirwere chemwoyo?

Kuponesa hupenyu kubva pakumira kwemoyo ndicho chinhu chikuru chete chinogona kuitika. Asi ingori kutanga kwerwendo rurefu rwekupora. Dambudziko guru kukuvara kunogona kuitika zvichienderana nehurefu hwenguva iyo uropi hunoshaya okisijeni.

• Kukuvadzwa kwehuropi: Kugara usina okisijeni kwemaminitsi mashoma kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kusingaperi kwemasero ehuropi. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa zvinhu zvakaita sekurangarira, kufunga, uye kudzora mafambiro. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kusangana nematambudziko ekutaura (dysarthria) uye kuoma kumedza (dysphagia).
• Kushaya simba kwemuviri: Kushaya simba kwetsandanyama, kunetseka kufamba, uye kuneta ndizvo zvinowanzoitika.
• Matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa: Mushure mekusangana nechiitiko chinotyisa kudaro, matambudziko epfungwa akadai sekuzvidya mwoyo, kuora mwoyo, uye post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) anogona kumuka.

Kurapa kwekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakaita sekurovedza muviri, kurapwa nebasa, uye kutaura kwakakosha zvikuru kuti munhu apore kubva mudambudziko iri. Uyewo, rutsigiro rwemhuri rwakakosha.

Pane nzira dzekuzvidzivirira kubva mumamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi aya here?

Ehe, pane zvatinogona kuita kudzivirira kumisa kwemoyo. Chinhu chikuru chekuita ndechekudzora zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi iyi.

Kupindira mune zvekurapa

Kana chiremba wako akaona kuti uri panjodzi huru yekumira kwemoyo, anogona kukukurudzira kuti uedze mimwe miedzo uye kurapwa.

• Miedzo:Kuongororwa kwakadai se `ECG`, `Echocardiogram`, uye `Cardiac Catheterization` kunogona kuona chero matambudziko emwoyo.
• Kurapa:
• ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Ichi chishandiso chidiki chinoiswa pasi peganda pedyo nemoyo. Kana paine njodzi yerhythmia mumoyo, chishandiso ichi chinoerekana chaunza shock yemagetsi kuti chidzorere rhythm yemoyo.
• Mishonga: Mishonga yakaita se "Beta-blockers" inodzora kurova kwemoyo.
• Kuvhiya: Kuvhiya kuvhura mitsipa yeropa yakavharika, senge ``Angioplasty'' kana ``Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery - CABG''.

Kuchinja kwemararamiro

Zvinhu izvi zvakakosha kwatiri tese, kwete kune avo vari panjodzi chete.

Zvekuita	Tsananguro
Zvekudya zvine hutano pamoyo	Idya chikafu chine munyu mushoma, shuga shoma, uye mafuta mashoma, uye chine miriwo yakawanda, michero, nyemba, uye zviyo zvakakwana.
Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose	Ita maekisesaizi, akadai sekufamba netsoka, kumhanya, kana kutasva bhasikoro, kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, mazuva mazhinji evhiki.
Kudzivisa kusvuta	Kusvuta kwakaipa zvikuru pamoyo. Kana uchisvuta, tora matanho ekurega nhasi.
Kutarisira zvirwere zvisingaperi	Kana uine zvirwere zvakaita seBP, chirwere cheshuga, kana cholesterol yakakwira, zvidzore zvakanaka zvichienderana nemirairo yachiremba wako.

Zvinhu zvekutaura nachiremba wako

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako ane nhoroondo yechirwere chemwoyo, kana kuti kana uine zvinokunetsa nezvazvo, usatya kutaura nachiremba wako. Unogona kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Ndiri panjodzi yekumira kwemoyo here?
• Mhuri yangu iri panjodzi here? Tinofanira here kuongorora majini?
• Ndezvipi zvandinofanira kuchinja muhupenyu hwangu?
• Ndichada mudziyo wakaita seICD here?
• Pane nzvimbo yandinogona kudzidza kushandisa CPR neAED here?

Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba

• Kumira kwemoyo kana mwoyo wamira kurova nekuda kwedambudziko remagetsi emoyo. Zvakasiyana nekurwadziwa kwemoyo uye idambudziko rinongoerekana raitika, rinouraya.
• Kana munhu akabatwa nechirwere chemwoyo, kamwe kamwe anotanga kufenda, asingachafemi, uye kurova kwemoyo hakuna simba.
• Kuti uponese hupenyu, unofanira kuita chimwe chinhu nekukasika. Kutanga, fonera 1990. Chechipiri, tanga CPR kusvika amburenzi yasvika. Chechitatu, shandisa muchina weAED kana uchikwanisa.
• Kudzidza maitiro ekuita CPR kwakakosha zvikuru. Kunogona kuponesa hupenyu hwemudiwa wako kana mumwe munhu.
• Njodzi yekumira kwemwoyo inogona kuderedzwa nekugara uchirarama hupenyu hune hutano hwemwoyo uye kutarisira zvirwere zviripo zvakanaka.

Kumira kwemwoyo kamwe kamwe, Kumira kwemwoyo, Kurwara nemoyo, CPR, AED, Chirwere chemoyo, Rubatsiro rwekutanga, Hutano hwemoyo