Chii chinonzi ma enzymes? Sei achikosha zvikuru kumiviri yedu?

Mhoroi! Makadii? Nhasi tichataura nezveboka rezvinhu zvinoshanda chinyararire, asi zvakakosha zvikuru mumiviri yedu. Zvinonzi ma enzymes. Ungave wakambonzwa nezvezita iri. Kana zvisiri, hazvina basa, nhasi tichataura nezvazvo zviri nyore.

Saka ma enzyme aya chii? Sei tichiada?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ma enzymes rudzi rweprotein . Akafanana nemarobhoti madiki anoshanda mumiviri yedu. Basa rawo guru nderekukurumidzira mashandiro emakemikari mumiviri yedu, inova metabolism yedu. Funga nezvazvo, ma enzymes aya anobatsira kugadzira zvimwe zvinhu nekuputsa zvimwe zvinhu. Kutaura zvazviri, zvinhu zvese zvipenyu zvine ma enzymes. Miviri yedu inogadzira ma enzymes zvakasikwa. Tinowanawo ma enzymes kubva mune zvimwe zvekudya zvatinodya nekunwa, uye kubva kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa.

Ndeipi rubatsiro rukuru runopiwa nema enzymes kumiviri yedu?

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvinoitwa nema enzymes kubatsira mukugaya chikafu . Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo chikafu chatinodya chinoshandurwa kuita simba. Funga nezvazvo, kune ma enzymes mumate edu, pancreas, muura, nemudumbu. Aya ndiwo anoputsa nekugaya mafuta, mapuroteni, nema carbohydrates atinodya. Izvi zvinovaka muviri zvinozoshandiswa nemiviri yedu pakukura nekugadzirisa masero. Kwete izvozvo chete, ma enzymes anobatsira nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. Tarisa:

• Kufema pamwe chete
• Yekuvaka tsandanyama
• Basa retsinga
• Kubvisa chepfu mumuviri wedu hazvigoneki pasina ma enzyme aya.

Kune mhando dzakawanda dzema enzyme here?

Ehe, kune zviuru zvemarudzi akasiyana ema enzymes mumiviri yedu. Asi chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti mhando yega yega yema enzyme ine basa rimwe chete rekuita . Sekunge kiyi imwe chete inogona kuvhura kiyi imwe chete. Semuenzaniso, enzyme inonzi Sucrase inopwanya sucrose yeshuga. Iyo enzyme inonzi Lactase inopwanya sugar lactose inowanikwa muzvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Ngatitarisei mamwe emhando huru dzema enzymes anowanzo batsira kugaya chikafu:

Ndezvipi zvikamu zve enzyme? Zvinoshanda sei?

Enzyme yega yega ine nzvimbo inonzi 'active site' . Nzvimbo iyi ine chimiro chayo. Tinoidaidza kuti chinhu chinoshanda neenzyme pa 'substrate' . Substrate iyi ine chimiro chayo chayo. Sekiyi nekiyi. Enzyme nesubstrate zvinofanirwa kubatana zvakanaka kuti zvishande. Kana zvakabatana chete ndipo panogona kuitika kemikari.

Kupisa uye pH zvinokanganisa sei ma enzymes?

Maenzyme anoda mamiriro ekunze akakodzera kuti ashande nemazvo. Kana mamiriro aya asina kunaka, maenzyme anogona kushandura chimiro. Saka haazoenderane nemidziyo yatakataura nezvayo kare. Saka, haazoshande nemazvo. Enzyme yega yega ine tembiricha chaiyo uye pH yainonyatsokodzera:

• pH: MaEnzyme anonyanya kunzwa acidity uye alkalinity. Haashande zvakanaka kana nharaunda ine acidity yakawanda kana alkaline yakawanda. Semuenzaniso, enzyme inonzi pepsin iri mudumbu medu inopwanya mapuroteni. Kana usina acid yakakwana mudumbu mako, pepsin haigone kushanda zvakanaka.
• Tembiricha: MaEnzayimu anoshanda zvakanaka kana tembiricha yemuviri wako iri padanho rakajairika, rinova riri pa37°C. Sezvo tembiricha ichiwedzera, maitiro emaEnzayimu anowedzerawo. Zvisinei, kana tembiricha ikawedzera zvakanyanya, maEnzayimu anomira kushanda. Ndosaka mashandiro emuviri wedu achidzikira kana tiine fivha yakanyanya.

Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nematambudziko ema enzyme?

Matambudziko emetabolism anowanzoitika kana pasina imwe enzyme yakakwana. Izvi zvinogona kupfuudzwa kuburikidza nemajini (anowanikwa kubva kuvabereki) kuenda kuvana. Ngatitarisei mamwe ematambudziko emetabolism emajini akajairika:

• Chirwere cheFabry : Ichi chirwere apo muviri unotadza kugadzira enzyme inonzi alpha-galactosidase A, iyo inodiwa kupwanya mafuta.
• Chirwere cheKrabbe (globoid cell leukodystrophy): Izvi zvinokanganisa ma enzyme anodiwa pakudzivirira masero etsinga , kureva myelin (Central Nervous System).
• Chirwere chemushonga weMaple syrup urine: Izvi zvinokanganisa ma enzyme anodiwa kuti aputse mamwe ma amino acids ane branched chain .

Pamusoro peizvi, kune zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona kukonzerwa nekusawirirana kwema enzymes:

• Chirwere cheCrohn: Kusawirirana kwemabhakitiriya ari mudumbu mako (gut microbiome ) kunogona kukonzera mhinduro ye autoimmune mudumbu. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa zviratidzo uye kuoma kwechirwere cheCrohn.
• Kusakwana kweExocrine pancreatic (EPI): Izvi zvinoitika kana pancreas yako isingagadzire ma enzymes ekugaya akakwana, zvichireva kuti haugone kupwanya chikafu zvakanaka kana kupinza zvinovaka muviri.
• Kusakwanisa kushingirira lactose: Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kweenzyme inodiwa kugaya lactose, shuga inowanikwa mumukaka nezvigadzirwa zvemukaka.

Unofanira kuona chiremba rini nezvedambudziko re enzyme?

Hazvigoneke kuziva zvechokwadi kana uine dambudziko re enzyme pasina kuongororwa ropa. Zvisinei, zvakanaka kuona chiremba kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu
• Kuzvimba kana gasi
• Manyoka
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya (Kuneta)
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa
• Kuderedza uremu kusingatsananguriki
• Kushaya ropa
• Kubuda ropa mudumbu