Chii chinonzi glucose? Zvinoenderana sei nechirwere cheshuga?

Kana uchitaura nezvechirwere cheshuga, ungangonzwa mazwi ekuti 'Shuga yeropa' kana kuti 'Glucose' nguva dzese, handiti? Zvakakosha kuziva kuti glucose chii chaizvo, simba remiviri yedu kubva muzvikafu zvatinodya, kunyanya kana uine chirwere cheshuga kana kuti uri panjodzi yekubatwa nechirwere cheshuga. Saka nhasi, ngatitaure nezvazvo zviri nyore, kubva A kusvika Z.

Chii chinonzi Glucose neInsulin?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, glucose rudzi rweshuga . Tinoiwana kubva muzvikafu zvatinodya, kunyanya zvekudya zvine makabhohaidhiretsi akawanda. Muviri wedu unoshandisa glucose iyi kupa simba kumasero. Kana glucose iyi ichifamba nemuropa, tinoidaidza kuti "shuga yeropa" kana kuti 'shuga yeropa'.

Apa ndipo panoshanda basa re insulin . Insulin ihormone inogadzirwa mupancreas yedu. Sekiyi, insulin iyi ndiyo inovhura masero emuviri wedu uye inobatsira glucose iri muropa kupinda mumasero iwayo uye kugadzira simba.

Kana wakamboonekwa uine chirwere cheDiabetes Mellitus, zvinoreva kuti huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hwakakwira kupfuura zvakajairika. Pane zvikonzero zviviri zvinogona kukonzera izvi:

1. Muviri wako haugadzi insulin yakakwana yekufambisa glucose muropa kuenda mumasero.

2. Kana, kunyangwe insulin iripo, masero emuviri wako haapindure nayo nemazvo (Insulin Resistance).

Tinoisa sei glucose mumiviri yedu?

Zvizhinji zvezvikafu zvatinodya, kunyanya izvo zvakapfuma mumacarbohydrates zvakaita sechingwa, mupunga, mbatatisi, nemichero, zvine glucose. Mushure mekudya, chikafu chinopinda mudumbu uye chinopwanywa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki nema enzymes nema acids. Maitiro aya anoburitsa glucose.

Zvadaro, glucose iyi inoenda muura uye inonyudzwa muropa. Ndipo panopinda hormone inonzi insulin uye inobatsira kutumira glucose iyi mumasero.

Simba nekuchengetedza: Chii chinoitika kuglucose mumuviri?

Miviri yedu yakagadzirwa kuti irambe iine huwandu hweshuga muropa. Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukakwira mushure mekudya, masero akakosha (ma beta cells) mupancreas anogadzira insulin. Insulin iyi inovhura mukana wekuti glucose ipinde mumasero emhasuru, mafuta, uye chiropa.

Chinhu chikuru chinopa simba kuuropi

Kunyange zvazvo masero mazhinji mumuviri wedu achishandisa glucose, amino acids (zvinovaka mapuroteni), uye mafuta kuti ape simba, simba guru reuropi hwedu iglucose.Glucose inokosha pakugadzirisa ruzivo rwemasero etsinga uye makemikari anotakura shuga muuropi. Pasina shuga, uropi hwedu hahugone kushanda zvakanaka.

Kuchengeta simba rakawedzerwa

Mushure mekunge muviri washandisa simba raunoda, shuga yasara inochengetwa muchiropa netsandanyama semasumbu madiki anonzi glycogen . Muviri wedu unogona kuchengeta simba raunoda kwezuva rese nenzira iyi.

Fungidzira kuti hauna kudya kwemaawa mashoma. Huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hunodzikira. Panguva iyoyo, pancreas inomira kugadzira insulin yotanga kugadzira imwe hormone inonzi glucagon . Glucagon iyi inopa chiratidzo kuchiropa kuti ichinje glycogen yakachengetwa kuita glucose. Glucagon iyoyo inobva yapinda muropa, ichipa muviri simba kusvika wadya zvakare.

Glucose yeRopa uye Chirwere cheshuga

Zvakajairika kuti huwandu hweshuga muropa hukwire mushure mekudya uye hwozodzikira zvakare mushure memaawa mashoma. Huwandu hweshuga muropa remunhu ane hutano hunofanira kunge huri pasi pe100 mg/dL.

Asi kana uine chirwere cheshuga, muviri wako haugone kugadzirisa izvi nemazvo.

Kune mhando mbiri huru dzechirwere cheshuga:

• Chirwere Cheshuga Cherudzi rwekutanga: Murudzi urwu rwechirwere cheshuga, masoja emuviri anoparadza masero anogadzira insulin mupancreas, zvichiita kuti muviri usagadzire insulin yakakwana.
• Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri: Muchirwere ichi, masero emuviri haapindure zvakanaka ku insulin. Nekuda kweizvozvo, pancreas inofanira kugadzira insulin yakawanda kuti glucose ipinde mumasero. Nekufamba kwenguva, pancreas inogona kushaya simba uye isingakwanise kugadzira insulin yakakwana.

Kana pasina insulin yakakwana, shuga inoungana muropa panzvimbo pekupinda mumasero. Glucose muropa inodarika 200 mg/dL maawa maviri mushure mekudya kana kupfuura 125 mg/dL kana munhu achitsanya inonzi hyperglycemia .

Nzira yekuyera huwandu hweshuga muropa sei?

Nzira mbiri dzakajairika ndedzinoti:

1. Kuongororwa kweFingerstick: Ropa diki rinotorwa kubva kumucheto wemunwe uchishandisa lancet, roiswa pamutsetse wekuyedza, uye royerwa ne glucometer. Unogona kuona huwandu hweshuga yako yeropa mumasekonzi mashoma.

2. Kuchengetedza Glucose Yeropa Rinoenderera Mberi (CGM): Sensor diki inoiswa pasi peganda, kazhinji muruoko kana mudumbu. Inoramba ichiyera huwandu hweshuga muropa rako nekutarisa mvura iri pakati pemasero uye inotumira data racho kuchishandiso chakadai seapp yefoni.

Chii chinonzi bvunzo yeA1c?

Kuongororwa kweA1c (HbA1c test) kuongororwa kweropa kunoratidza huwandu hweshuga muropa rako mumwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu yapfuura.

Kana glucose ikapinda muropa, inonamira ku hemoglobin, chikamu chemasero matsvuku eropa chinotakura okisijeni muropa. Kuongororwa kweA1c kunoyera kuti hemoglobin yakawanda sei muropa rako yakafukidzwa neshuga (glycated). Kana glucose muropa yakakwira, kukosha kweA1c kwako kunowedzera.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvekuderera kweshuga muropa (Hypoglycemia)?

Hypoglycemia chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuderera kweshuga muropa kusvika pasi pe70 mg/dL. Izvi zvinogona kukurumidza kuva dambudziko rehutano. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvinoita kuti izvi zviitike.

• Kunwa doro usina chinhu mudumbu.
• Kutora mishonga ye insulin kana mimwe mishonga yeshuga yakawanda kupfuura zvinodiwa.
• Kusadya chikafu.
• Kurovedza muviri kupfuura zvakajairika.
• Kuchinja kwemahormone (semuenzaniso kuenda kumwedzi pamwedzi).

Unoitei kana huwandu hweshuga yako hwadzikira?

Unogona kutevedzera "mutemo we15-15" unokurudzirwa neAmerican Diabetes Association:

1. Idya kana kunwa magiramu gumi nemashanu emacarbohydrate anoshanda nekukurumidza (semuenzaniso zvipunu zvitatu zveshuga/glucose, chipunu chimwe cheuchi).

2. Mira kwemaminitsi gumi nemashanu .

3. Tarisa shuga yako yeropa zvakare. Kana ichiri pasi pe70 mg/dL, inwa mamwe magiramu gumi nemashanu emacarbohydrate.

4. Dzokorora izvi kusvika huwandu hweshuga hwadzoka pahwakajairika.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zvekukwira kweshuga muropa (Hyperglycemia)?

Shuga iri muropa inodarika 180 mg/dL inonzi hyperglycemia. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zveizvi.

• Kusatora insulin yakakwana kana mimwe mishonga.
• Kusaita mabasa emuviri.
• Chirwere (semuenzaniso dzihwa, furuwenza) kana utachiona.
• Kushushikana.
• Kudya kupfuura zvakarongwa.

Unofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) riini?

Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa rako huri 300 mg/dL kana kupfuura kaviri kakatevedzana , fonera chiremba wako nekukasika.

Kusarapwa kwehyperglycemia kunogona kukonzera ketoacidosis inouraya, kana kuti diabetic coma. Enda kuchipatara nekukurumidza kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kunhuhwirira kwemuchero pakufema.
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa.
• Kuoma kwemuromo zvakanyanya.
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka.

Zvakakosha kuti huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hurambe huri pakati pehuwandu hwakakodzera. Tevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako. Tarisa huwandu hweshuga muropa rako nguva nenguva. Nekurovedza muviri, kudya kwakaringana, uye mishonga yakanyorerwa nachiremba, unogona kurarama hupenyu hune hutano.