Ungave uri munhu ane chirwere cheshuga, kana kuti ungave uine nhengo yemhuri kana shamwari ine chirwere cheshuga. Ungave wakaona vanhu vakadaro vachishandisa majekiseni e insulin. Vamwe vanhu vanofunga kuti insulin mushonga wechirwere cheshuga chete. Asi kutaura chokwadi, insulin chinhu chinogadzirwa mumiviri yedu uye chakakosha kwatiri. Saka nhasi, ngationei kuti insulin chii chaizvo, inoita sei mumuviri, uye kuti ine hukama hwakadini nechirwere cheshuga.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi insulin?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, insulin ihormone inogadzirwa mumuviri wedu. Inogadzirwa nenhengo inonzi pancreas yedu. Kutaura chokwadi, inogadzirwa nerudzi rwakakosha rwesero rinonzi 'beta cells' mupancreas. Iyi hormone inokosha muhupenyu hwedu. Nekuti ndiyo iyi insulin inobatsira masero kushandura shuga, kana kuti glucose, yatinowana kubva muchikafu chatinodya kuita simba.
Funga nezvazvo nenzira iyi. Miviri yedu inowana glucose (shuga) kubva muzvikafu zvakazara nemacarbohydrate zvatinodya, zvakaita semupunga, chingwa, nembatatisi. Glucose iyi ndiyo sosi huru yesimba kuti masero emuviri wedu ashande. Yakafanana nepeturu yemotokari. Kana glucose iyi yave muropa, inofanira kupinda mumasero kuti igadzire simba. Asi masuo emasero anovharwa. Insulin ndiyo kiyi inovhura masuo iwayo.
Kana insulin ikaiswa muropa, inoenda yotumira chiratidzo kumasero ichiti, "Vhura musuwo izvozvi, glucose iri kupinda." Ipapo glucose inopinda mumasero yoburitsa simba.
Saka fungidzira, chii chinoitika kana pancreas yako ikasagadzira insulin yakakwana, kana kuti masero ako akasapindura zvakanaka ku insulin yainogadzira (tinoti iyi insulin resistance)? Glucose iri muropa haigone kupinda mumasero. Ipapo huwandu hweshuga muropa hunokwira zvakanyanya. Tinoti chirwere ichi hyperglycemia , kana kuti kungoti "shuga yakakwira." Kana chirwere ichi chikaramba chiripo, chirwere cheshuga chinokura.
Ko insulin inoderedza kana kuwedzera huwandu hweshuga muropa here?
Iri idambudziko rine vanhu vazhinji. Insulin inoshandiswa kuderedza huwandu hweshuga muropa. Kureva kuti, inotora glucose iri kuyerera muropa yoiisa mumasero, izvo zvakafanana nekuchenesa ropa.
Miviri yedu ine sisitimu yakanaka inodzora izvi. Kunyange hazvo insulin ichideredza shuga yeropa, kune rimwe hormone rinonzi glucagon rinowedzera huwandu hweshuga yeropa kana zvichidikanwa. Izvi zviviri zvinoshanda semativi maviri echiyero, zvichichengetedza huwandu hweshuga yeropa redu mukati mehuwandu hwakati.
Zvisinei, kana munhu ane chirwere cheshuga akatora insulin kubva kunze sejekiseni, dzimwe nguva huwandu hunotorwa hunogona kudarika huwandu hunodiwa. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, huwandu hweshuga muropa hunodzikira zvakanyanya. Isu tinodana izvi kuti hypoglycemia . Iyi inyaya ine njodzi zvakare. Muchiitiko chakadaro, unofanirwa kudya chimwe chinhu chine shuga (switi, chipunu cheshuga) nekukurumidza kuti udzorere huwandu hweshuga. Kana shuga ikadzikira zvakanyanya, idambudziko. Kunewo majekiseni eglucagon anogona kupihwa panguva dzakadaro. Unogona kutaura nachiremba wako uye kudzidza zvakawanda nezvazvo.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinobatanidzwa ne insulin?
Matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehutano anogona kuitika nekuda kwekushaya insulin yakakwana mumuviri, kana kutadza kwemuviri kushandisa insulin nemazvo, kana kuti insulin yakawandisa.
Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwe insulin kana kusashanda zvakanaka kwe insulin
Chikamu ichi chinosanganisira mhando dzakasiyana dzechirwere cheshuga.
- Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga: Ichi chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, masoja edu ekudzivirira muviri anorwisa nekuparadza masero e beta anogadzira insulin mupancreas. Nekufamba kwenguva, muviri hauchakwanisi kugadzira insulin. Vanhu ava vanofanira kutora insulin kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo kuti vararame.
- Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechitatu: Izvi zvinoitika kana kugadzirwa kwe insulin kukanganisika nekuda kwekukuvadzwa kwepancreas. Semuenzaniso, kuzvimba kwenguva refu kwepancreas (Chronic Pancreatitis), cystic fibrosis (Cystic Fibrosis), kana kubviswa kwepancreas nekuvhiyiwa (Pancreatectomy) zvinogona kukonzera chirwere ichi.
- Chirwere cheshuga cheLatent Autoimmune muVanhu Vakuru (LADA): Ichi chakafanana nechirwere cherudzi rwekutanga, asi zviratidzo zvinoonekwa gare gare. Chinowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matatu.
Zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nekusagona insulin
Chinoitika apa ndechekuti muviri unogadzira insulin, asi masero ari mumuviri (kunyanya masero emhasuru, mafuta, uye chiropa) haapindure insulin iyoyo zvakanaka. Zvakafanana nekuedza kuvhura musuwo nekiyi ine ngura.
- Prediabetes: Ichi chirwere apo huwandu hweshuga muropa hwakakwira kupfuura zvakajairika, asi husina kukwira zvakakwana kuti munhu aonekwe aine chirwere cheshuga. Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ishuga inoramba insulin. Kuchinja mararamiro kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira kukura kwechirwere cheshuga.
- Rudzi rwechipiri rwechirwere cheshuga: Iri ndiro rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga rwakajairika pasi rose. Kusakwanisa kwe insulin mumuviri kunowedzera kusvika padanho rekuti pancreas haigone kugadzira insulin yakakwana, zvichikonzera huwandu hweshuga muropa.
- Chirwere cheshuga cheGestational: Chirwere ichi chinoitika mune vamwe vakadzi panguva yekuzvitakura. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chinokonzerwa nemahormone anoburitswa neplacenta, ayo anokonzera kusawirirana kwe insulin mumuviri. Chirwere ichi chinowanzopera mwana aberekwa.
Kugadzirwa kwe insulin yakawandisa
Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki. Insulinoma ibundu rinokura mupancreas. Izvi zvinoita kuti pancreas igadzire insulin yakawanda kana isingadiwi. Izvi zvinokonzera kuderera kweshuga muropa (hypoglycemia). Zvisinei, bundu iri rinogona kurapwa zvachose nekuvhiyiwa.
Ndedzipi mhando dze insulin dzinopihwa kune chirwere cheshuga?
Kune mhando dzakawanda dze insulin dzinoshandiswa kurapa chirwere cheshuga. Dzinopatsanurwa zvichienderana nekuti dzinotora nguva yakareba sei kushanda uye kuti dzinogara kwenguva yakareba sei mumuviri. Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza rudzi nechiyero chakakunakira.
Heano marudzi makuru.
| Rudzi rweInsulin | Nguva yakatorwa kuti ishande | Nguva mumuviri |
|---|---|---|
| Inoshanda nekukurumidza | Pakati pemaminitsi mashanu kusvika makumi maviri | Pakati pemaawa matatu kusvika mashanu. Kazhinji inotorwa usati wadya. |
| Inoshanda kwenguva pfupi/Inogara iripo | Pakati pemaminitsi makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana nemashanu | Pakati pemaawa mashanu kusvika masere. |
| Kuita zvepakati nepakati | Anenge maawa maviri | Pakati pemaawa gumi nemana kusvika makumi maviri nemana. |
| Inoshanda kwenguva refu | Inenge awa imwe chete | Kusvika maawa makumi maviri nemana. Zvinobatsira kuchengetedza hwaro hwekutanga hwebasa mukati mezuva rose. |
| Inoshanda kwenguva refu zvikuru | Maawa angangoita matanhatu | Kusvika maawa makumi mana nemasere (mazuva maviri). |
Zvimwe zvacho zvinouya ne insulin yakasanganiswa kare. Zvese izvi zvinogadzirwa nachiremba wako zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemuviri wako.
Pane migumisiro yakaipa here kana munhu achibayiwa insulin?
Kufanana nemishonga chero ipi zvayo, insulin inogona kuva nemigumisiro, asi izvi zvinogona kudzorwa.
- Kuderera kweshuga muropa (Hypoglycemia): Iri ndiro dambudziko rinowanzoitika. Izvi zvinoitika kana ukatora insulin yakawanda kupfuura inodiwa nemuviri wako. Zvinogona kukonzera kudikitira, kudedera, nzara yakanyanya, kurova kwemoyo nekukurumidza, uye kutorasikirwa nepfungwa.
- Kuchinja kweganda panzvimbo yekubaiwa jekiseni: Kana ukaramba uchibaya insulin panzvimbo imwe chete, mafuta anogona kuungana pasi peganda oita mapundu. Kana kuti mafuta anogona kunyunguduka oita madiki paganda. Izvi zvinonzi localized lipodystrophy . Ndosaka zvichikosha kutenderedza nzvimbo dzekubaiwa jekiseni.
- Kurwara neallergy: Izvi hazviwanzoitiki. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva neallergy kune mamwe marudzi e insulin. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kutsvuka, kuvaviwa, uye kuzvimba panzvimbo yejekiseni.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekutevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako nemazvo. Usaedze kushandura dosage sezvaunoda.
Ndedzipi nzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekuisa insulin?
Kazhinji, nzvimbo dzakakodzera kubaya insulin idzo dzine mafuta akawanda.
- Nzvimbo yedumbu (inenge masendimita maviri kubva paguvhu)
- Pamberi kana kumativi ezvidya
- Kumashure kweruoko rwepamusoro
- Chikamu chepamusoro chemagaro
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha kuchinja nzvimbo usingarambe uchikwiza nzvimbo imwe chete. Kana wakakwiza divi rekuruboshwe redumbu rako mangwanani ano, kwiza divi rekurudyi husiku. Chinja uchienda kuzvidya zvako mangwana. Kuita izvi kunogona kubatsira zvikuru kudzivirira matambudziko eganda ataurwa pakutanga.
Ungagara kwenguva yakareba sei usina insulin?
Iyi inyaya yakakomba zvikuru.Munhu ane chirwere cheshuga anovimba ne insulin (kunyanya munhu ane chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga) haagone kurarama asina insulin.
Pasina insulin, huwandu hweshuga muropa hunokwira zvisingadzoreki. Kana masero emuviri asingakwanise kushandisa glucose sesimba, anotanga kupisa mafuta sesimba. Izvi zvinogadzira chimwe chinhu chinonzi "ketones." Maketone aya anoungana muropa, zvichiita kuti rive neacidic. Izvi zvinonzi Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) .
DKA chirwere chinongoerekana chaitika, chinotyisidzira hupenyu. Chinogona kuitika mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana chete. Chinogona kuitika nekukurumidza kana uchirutsa. Zviratidzo zvinosanganisira nyota yakawandisa, kuita weti kakawanda, kurwadziwa mudumbu, kurutsa, kunetseka kufema, uye kunhuwa kwemuchero mukufema. Kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo izvi , unofanira kuenda kuchipatara nekukurumidza . Kana chikasarapwa, rufu runogona kuitika.
Saka, kana uri kushandisa insulin, chenjerera kuti udzorere insulin yako isati yapera.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Insulin haisi mushonga wechirwere cheshuga chete, ihormone inogadzirwa nemiviri yedu uye inokosha muhupenyu.
- Basa guru re insulin nderekubatsira kufambisa shuga (glucose) kubva muropa kuenda mumasero kuti ishandiswe sesimba. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzora huwandu hweshuga muropa.
- Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzechirwere cheshuga. Dzimwe dzinokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwe insulin, dzimwe dzinokonzerwa nekusagamuchira insulin mumuviri (insulin resistance).
- Kune mhando dzakawanda dze insulin dzinopihwa kunze kwemuviri. Chiremba wako chete ndiye anogona kusarudza rudzi nechiyero chakakunakira.
- Paunenge uchibaya insulin, chinja nzvimbo dzacho pane kuibaya panzvimbo imwe chete. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira matambudziko eganda.
- Kune munhu anovimba ne insulin, kurasikirwa ne insulin kunogona kuisa hupenyu hwake panjodzi. Ziva mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi akadai seDKA. Kana usina chokwadi, tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
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