Uri kunzwa mapundu mumuviri wako here? Ingava Hodgkin Lymphoma here? Ngatikurukurei!

Wakamboona bundu diki pamutsipa wako, muhapwa, kana muzvidya here? Kana kuti wave uchinzwa kuneta zvakanyanya kwemazuva, kana kuti uine fivha kamwe kamwe? Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kunge zvakajairika. Zvisinei, kana uine zviratidzo izvi, zvakanaka kunetseka zvishoma. Nekuti izvi zvinogona kunge zviri zviratidzo zvechirwere chinonzi Hodgkin Lymphoma. Kunyangwe zita racho ringave richinzwika serinotyisa, ichi chirwere chinogona kurapwa uye kurapwa. Saka, nhasi tichataura zvakadzama nezveHodgkin Lymphoma.

Chii chinonzi Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Hodgkin Lymphoma rudzi rwegomarara rinokura mu lymphatic system yedu, iyo system inorwisa utachiona mumuviri wedu. Yainziwo chirwere cheHodgkin kare. Kune mhando mbiri huru dze lymphoma. Imwe iHodgkin lymphoma, uye imwe iNon-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Magomarara aya ese anokanganisa ma lymphocytes, rudzi rwemasero machena eropa akakosha kumuviri wedu.

Hodgkin lymphoma inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini eB lymphocytes (masero eB). Kuchinja uku kunoitika muhupenyu hwese. Kazhinji, lymphoma iyi inotanga mumalymph nodes ari mumutsipa kana muchipfuva. Dzimwe nguva, inogonawo kukura mumalymph nodes ari muhapwa, mudumbu, mudumbu, kana muchiuno.

Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti huwandu hwevanhu vanorapwa Hodgkin lymphoma uye vanorarama kwenguva yakareba huri kuwedzera gore rega rega. Kazhinji, kurapwa kunogona kurapa Hodgkin lymphoma zvachose. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva chirwere chinogona kudzoka. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, vaongorori vezvekurapa vanogara vachitsvaga mishonga mitsva.

Ndeapi marudzi makuru eHodgkin Lymphoma?

Kune mhando ina huru dzeHodgkin lymphoma. Ngatitarisei kuti ndedzipi:

• Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma: Iyi ndiyo mhando yeHodgkin lymphoma inonyanya kuwanikwa. Inowanzoitika kune vechidiki, kunyanya vakadzi. Inowanzo kanganisa ma lymph nodes ari pakati pechipfuva.
• Mhando dzakasiyana dzemasero Hodgkin lymphoma: Rudzi urwu runowanzoonekwa muvanhu vane makore ari pakati pe60. Dzimwe nguva runogona kukura mudumbu (mudumbu).
• Lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma: Rudzi urwu runowanikwa muvanhu vanosvika 6% vane Hodgkin lymphoma. Runowanikwa zvakanyanya muvarume.
• Lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin lymphoma: Izvi hazviwanzoitiki. Zvinoitika muvanhu vanosvika 1% vane Hodgkin lymphoma. Zvinonyanya kuitika muvanhu vane makore anopfuura 60 uyeIzvi zvinogona kuitika kakawanda kuvanhu vane HIV/AIDS.

Hodgkin Lymphoma yakajairika zvakadii?

Hodgkin lymphoma chirwere chisingawanzoitiki . Chinongobata vanhu vatatu chete pavanhu 100,000 gore rega rega. Asi zvinoshamisa kuti ndiyo mhando yegomarara inowanikwa zvakanyanya muvana nevechidiki vane makore ari pakati pe15 ne19.

Zvisinei, Hodgkin lymphoma haina kuwanda zvakanyanya kupfuura non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveHodgkin Lymphoma?

Chiratidzo chekutanga cheHodgkin lymphoma chinowanzoonekwa semalymph nodes akazvimba asingarwadzi mumutsipa, muhapwa, kana muhudyu . Pamusoro pezvo, panogona kunge paine zvimwe zviratidzo zvakawanda:

• Kuneta nguva dzose: Kunzwa kuneta kupfuura zvakajairika kwemazuva akati wandei. Sekunge muviri wako hauna simba.
• Fivha isina kutsanangurwa: Fivha yakanyanya isingaderere mushure memaawa maviri ekurapwa kumba, kana kuti inogara kwemazuva anopfuura maviri, inogona kunge iri chiratidzo chechimwe chinhu chakakomba.
• Kudikitira zvakanyanya husiku: Kudikitira zvakanyanya husiku zvekuti machira nembatya zvinonyorova.
• Kudzikira kwehuremu kusingatsananguriki: Kudzikira kwehuremu pasina kushanda nesimba. Kana ukadzikira 10% kana kupfuura yehuremu hwako hwese mukati memwedzi mitanhatu, chinhu chekufunganya nezvacho.
• Kukwenya (Pruritus): Vamwe vanhu vanonzwa kuvaviwa kwakanyanya kweganda mushure mekunwa doro kana kugeza.
• Kurwadziwa mudumbu kana kuzvimba: Hakusi kurwadziwa kwemudumbu kwese kunoratidza chirwere chakakomba. Asi kana uine kurwadziwa mudumbu kunoramba kuripo, kusingapere, enda kuna chiremba.
• Kurwadziwa pachipfuva: Chiratidzo ichi chinogona kuitika kana Hodgkin lymphoma iri mumapapu kana muma lymph nodes ari muchipfuva.
• Kuoma kufema: Izvi zvinogona kuva chiratidzo cheHodgkin lymphoma mumapapu kana bundu guru muchipfuva.

Vanachiremba vanotiwo zviratidzo izvi zvitatu—fivha, kudzikira uremu, uye kudikitira husiku—“zviratidzo zveB.” Kuvapo kwezviratidzo izvi kunobatsira vanachiremba kuronga fungidziro yako uye kurapwa.

Chii chinokonzera Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Sezvatakambotaura, Hodgkin lymphoma inokura kana shanduko dzemajini dzikaitika mumasero ako eB . Shanduko idzi hadzisi chinhu chaunozvarwa nacho, asi chimwe chinhu chinowanikwa muhupenyu hwako hwese.

Kana masero eB achichinja nenzira iyi, anogadzira rudzi rwemasero ekenza akakura kupfuura masero akajairwa. Aya anonzi masero eReed-Sternberg . Aya masero eReed-Sternberg anogadzira ma cytokines.Ma cytokine aya anokwezva masero akajairwa kuma lymph nodes ane masero asina kujairika. Zvadaro, zvinhu zvinoburitswa nemasero aya akajairika zvinoita kuti masero eReed-Sternberg akure zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinoita kuti lymph nodes dzizvimbe.

Kenza iyi inogona kupararira kuburikidza ne lymphatic system yako kuenda kune dzimwe lymph nodes, dzakadai se thymus ne spleen . Inogonawo kupararira kune lymph nodes mumuviri wese. Kashoma, inogona kukanganisa dzimwe nhengo, dzakadai semapapu, chiropa, uye bone marrow .

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera njodzi?

Vanachiremba vakaona zvinhu zvakawanda zvinowedzera njodzi yeHodgkin Lymphoma:

• Zera rako: Kana uri pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemakumi matatu nemapfumbamwe, kana kupfuura makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu, une mukana wekuwana chirwere ichi.
• Murume kana mukadzi: Varume vane mukana mukuru wekuwana Hodgkin lymphoma. Zvisinei, rudzi rwatakambotaura nezvarwo, nodular sclerosis, rwakajairika muvakadzi.
• Nhoroondo yezveutano hwemhuri yako: Kana vanun'una vako kana vabereki vako vakambova neHodgkin lymphoma, une mukana wakakura wekuti ikukurirewo.
• Kana wakamboisirwa nhengo: Kana wakamboisirwa nhengo, uchafanira kutora mishonga inodzivisa kurambwa, izvo zvinowedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa nelymphoma.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvehutachiona: Kuva nehutachiona hwakadai seHIV , human T-lymphotropic virus type 1, kana Epstein-Barr virus zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yako yekubatwa neHodgkin lymphoma.

Hodgkin Lymphoma inoonekwa sei?

Chiremba achatanga akuongorora muviri kuti aone kana paine zviratidzo zveHodgkin lymphoma, zvakaita sema lymph nodes akazvimba. Vachakubvunzawo nezvekuchinja kwawave uchinzwa, zvakaita sefivha isingaperi kana kudzikira kwehuremu kusingatsananguriki. Miedzo yakati wandei inogona kuitwa kuti uone Hodgkin lymphoma. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuongororwa kweropa, kuongororwa kwemifananidzo, uye biopsy .

Kuongororwa kweropa

Kuongororwa ropa kunogona kupa chiremba wako pfungwa yehutano hwako hwese. Kunogonawo kuona zviratidzo zvegomarara. Mimwe yemiedzo yaungave nayo inosanganisira:

• Kuverengwa kweropa kwakazara (CBC): Izvi zvinoongorora huwandu hwemasero eropa hwakaderera kana paine lymphoma muropa kana mumongo wemapfupa.
• Chidzidzo chemakemikari eropa: Izvi zvinoyera huwandu hwema electrolyte ako, mashandiro echiropa neitsvo, uye zvinotsvaga zvinhu zvinoungana muropa kana nhengo nematishu zvakuvadzwa.
• Mwero weErythrocyte sedimentation (ESR): Izvi zvinoyera kuzvimba mumuviri. Kukosha uku kunogona kuwedzera muHodgkin lymphoma.
• Kuongororwa kweLactate dehydrogenase (LDH): Izvi zvinoyera puroteni inoburitswa kana masero akakuvara. Dzimwe nguva huwandu hweLDH hunokwidziridzwa ne lymphoma.
• Kuongororwa kwehutachiona: Kuongororwa uku kunogona kuona hutachiona huripo kana hwekare hunogona kunge hwakabatana neHodgkin lymphoma, senge HIV , hepatitis B , uye hepatitis C. Mhedzisiro yacho inogona kubatsira chiremba wako kuronga kurapwa kwako.

Miedzo yemifananidzo

Kuongororwa kunogona kutsvaga zviratidzo zvegomarara mumuviri wako. Rudzi rwekuongorora rwaunoda runoenderana nekuti gomarara iri kupi uye kuti une pamuviri here. (Kuongororwa kunoshandisa X-ray kunogona kukuvadza mwana ari mudumbu.) Miedzo iyi inosanganisira:

• X-ray yechipfuva
• Kuongororwa kweCT (CT scan - Kuongororwa kwecomputer tomography)
• Kuongororwa kwePET (Positron emission tomography scan)
• Kuongororwa kweMRI (Magnetic resonance imaging scan) (yakachengeteka panguva yekuzvitakura)
• Kuongororwa kweUltrasound (kwakachengeteka panguva yekuzvitakura)

Kuongororwa kwemuviri

Vanachiremba vanowanzo ongorora Hodgkin lymphoma ne biopsy ye lymph node . Mukuita uku, chiremba anobvisa lymph node yese kana chikamu chayo. Nyanzvi yezvirwere inozoongorora nyama yacho pasi pe microscope kuti ione kana paine masero eReed-Sternberg, atakataura nezvawo kare. (Kuvapo kwemasero aya eReed-Sternberg kunoreva kuti une Hodgkin lymphoma, kwete non-Hodgkin lymphoma.)

Dzimwe nguva, Hodgkin lymphoma inogonawo kuongororwa zvichibva pamhedzisiro ye biopsy yenyama yakatorwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo, senge mapapu, chiropa, spleen, kana bone marrow.

Ndezvipi zvikamu zveHodgkin Lymphoma?

Mushure mekunge chiremba wako akuongorora kuti une Hodgkin lymphoma, mhedzisiro yekuongororwa kwako ndiyo ichaona danho rechirwere. Kuziva danho regomarara rako kunobatsira vanachiremba kuona kuti gomarara rapararira kusvika papi, kuti ringangopararira nekukurumidza sei, uye kuti ndeapi marapirwo akanakira iwe. Heano matanho eHodgkin lymphoma:

• Danho rekutanga: Masero egomarara ari munzvimbo imwe chete yelymph node kana nhengo iri mu lymphatic system (semuenzaniso, thymus, spleen, bone marrow). Kana kuti lymphoma iri munzvimbo imwe chete yenhengo imwe chete iri kunze kwe lymphatic system.
• Danho rechipiri: Diaphragm yakoKune masero egomarara mumapoka maviri kana kupfuura emalymph nodes ari kudivi rimwe chete (mamwe malymph nodes ari pedyo nediaphragm anogonawo kukanganiswa).
• Danho rechitatu: Kune masero elymphoma muma lymph nodes kumativi ese e diaphragm, kana kuti kune masero ekenza muma lymph nodes ari pamusoro pe diaphragm nemuchirebvu.
• Danho rechina: Lymphoma inowanikwa munhengo imwe chete iri kunze kwe lymphatic system (semuenzaniso, chiropa, mapapu, mumwongo wemapfupa).

Vanachiremba vanoshandisawo mazwi ekuti "favorable" uye "unfavorable" kuisa Hodgkin lymphoma muzvikamu, zvichienderana nekuti inopindura zvakanaka here kana yarapwa uye kana ikaramba isina zviratidzo (remission).

Hodgkin Lymphoma inorapwa sei?

Vanachiremba vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana dzekurapa Hodgkin lymphoma, zvichienderana nedanho regomarara. Nzira idzi dzinouraya masero egomarara kana kuti dzinoita kuti asapatsanuke. Nzira dzekurapa dzinosanganisira:

• Kurapa nemakemikari: Uku ndiko kurapwa kunonyanya kushandiswa pakurapa Hodgkin lymphoma. Kunoshandisa mushonga mumwe chete kana kupfuura kuuraya masero ekenza kana kumisa kuwanda kwawo. Vanachiremba vanogona kushandisa mhando imwe chete yechemotherapy kana musanganiswa wemhando dzakasiyana dzechemotherapy.
• Kurapa nemwaranzi: Kurapa uku kunoshandisa simba guru remagetsi kuuraya masero ekenza munzvimbo dzine lymph nodes dzakakanganiswa kana nzvimbo dzine kenza yakapararira. Kunoshandiswawo pamwe chete nechemotherapy pakurapa Hodgkin lymphoma iri padanho rekutanga.
• Kurapa nekudzivirira muviri: Kurapa uku kunoshanda nekukurudzira masoja emuviri wako kuti aone uye aparadze masero egomarara. Checkpoint inhibitors inzira yakakosha yekurapa nekudzivirira muviri yeHodgkin lymphoma.
• Kurapa kwakanangana: Kurapa kwakanangana kunoshandisa mishonga kana zvimwe zvinhu kurwisa masero ekenza chete. Semuenzaniso, mushonga unonzi antibody-drug conjugates . Muizvi, ma antibodies akagadzirwa murabhoritari anonamirwa pamushonga wechemotherapy, uyo unozotsvaga nekuparadza masero ekenza.
• Kurapa ne stem cell transplantation: Kurapa uku kunowanzo shandiswa kana Hodgkin lymphoma yadzoka mushure mekunge yatanga kurapwa kana kuti isiri kupindura kurapwa. Muchiitiko ichi, uchapihwa mhando yakasiyana ye chemotherapy pane yawakapihwa pakutanga. Kana kenza ikapindura, chiremba wako achaita transplantation ye stem cell.

Migumisiro yekurapa

Kurapa kwega kwega kunogona kuva nemigumisiro yakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, chemotherapy inogona kukonzera kurasikirwa nebvudzi uye kuda kurutsa. Kurapa nemwaranzi kunogona kukonzera kupiswa nezuva munzvimbo yakarapwa. Migumisiro yekurapa ne immunotherapy inogona kusanganisira mapundu eganda, manyoka, uye kuzvimba kwemapapu, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuoma kwekufema nekukosora.

Bvunza chiremba wako nezvemigumisiro inogona kuitika usati watanga kurapwa. Iye achakubatsira kuyera migumisiro inogona kuitika uchienzanisa nezvakanaka zvekurapa.

Ndeipi tarisiro yeHodgkin Lymphoma?

Vanachiremba vanoona Hodgkin lymphoma segomarara rinorapika uye rinorapika zvakanyanya. Maonero ako anoenderana nedanho rechirwere nezvimwe zvinhu. Chiremba wako anogona kutaura newe nezveizvi. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva kurapwa hakubudiriri uye gomarara rinogona kudzoka. Bvunza chiremba wako kuti kupatsanurwa uku kunokanganisa sei fungidziro yako.

Chii chinonzi chiyero chekupona kweHodgkin Lymphoma?

Huwandu hwevanhu vanorarama neHodgkin lymphoma huri kuramba huchikwira sezvo vanachiremba vachigadzira mishonga mitsva uye iri nani. Sekureva kweUS National Cancer Institute, 88% yevanhu vakaonekwa vaine Hodgkin lymphoma pakati pa2014 na2020 vaive vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekurapwa.

Mwero wekurarama unosiyana zvichienderana nedanho regomarara. Zvichienderana nenhamba imwe chete, pakati pe92% ne95% yevanhu vakaonekwa vaine chirwere ichi vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa. Pakati pe81% ne87% yevanhu vakaonekwa vaine chirwere ichi mushure mekuonekwa vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa. Izvi zvinoratidza kukosha kwekuona chirwere ichi nekukurumidza, handiti?

Ndingazvitarisira sei?

Unganzwa wakasununguka kuziva kuti zviratidzo zvako zveHodgkin lymphoma zvava kupera nekurapwa. Zvisinei, unogona kunge uchinetseka kana kutya kuti chirwere ichi chichadzoka. Mazano aya anogona kubatsira kuti kurarama neHodgkin lymphoma kuve nyore:

• Zororo: Kurapa kenza nekenza kunogona kukonzera kuneta kwakanyanya. Ipa pfungwa dzako nemuviri wako zororo ravanoda.
• Idya chikafu chine hutano uye chakaringana: Hapana hukama hwakajeka pakati pezvaunodya neHodgkin lymphoma. Zvisinei, kudya zvakanaka kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza masoja emuviri wako uye kuderedza njodzi yako yekubatwa nemavhairasi. Kana uchida kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekudya zvakanaka, taura nenyanzvi yezvekudya.
• Dzora kushushikana: Hodgkin lymphoma inogona kudzoka mushure mekurapwa. Kunetseka nezvekurwara zvakare kunogona kunetsa. Kana uchigara uchinetseka kuti chirwere chako chichadzoka, taura nachiremba wako. Ndiye munhu akanakisa wekuziva nezvechirwere chako. Kuziva zvekutarisira kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kushushikana kwako.
• Kurovedza muviri: Kurovedza muviri nguva dzose hakungobatsiri masoja emuviri wako chete, asiwo kunobatsira kudzora kushushikana. Inzira yakanakawo yekurwisa kuneta, mhedzisiro inowanzo konzerwa nekurapwa kwegomarara.

Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti kuonekwa uine Hodgkin lymphoma hazvirevi kuti haugone kurarama hupenyu hwako zvizere. Uchafanira kuchinja zvimwe zvinhu kuti ugadzirise migumisiro yacho. Uchafanira kuona chiremba wako kakawanda kupfuura munhu asina chirwere chegomarara. Asi, zvishoma nezvishoma, uchawana maitiro uye kumhanya kunoshanda kwauri.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba wangu rini?

Kana uri kurapwa chirwere cheHodgkin lymphoma, enda kuna chiremba wako kana ukaona zviratidzo zvekuti chirwere chako chiri kuramba chichiipa pasinei nekurapwa (semuenzaniso mapundu matsva, fivha). Kana wapedza kurapwa, uchava nenguva yekutevera nguva yekutarisa hutano hwako uye kutarisa kana chirwere chacho chichidzoka zvakare.

Ndinofanira kuenda kuchipatara riini?

Kana uine migumisiro yekurapwa isingapere mushure mekunwa mushonga wawakanyorerwa, yakanyanya kuipa kupfuura zvawaitarisira, kana kuti inogara kwenguva refu, enda kuchipatara. Chiremba wako nechikwata chekurapa vachataura newe nezvenyaya iyi.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Ungave nemibvunzo yakawanda panguva yekuongororwa uye kurapwa kweHodgkin lymphoma. Heano mimwe mibvunzo yekubvunza chiremba wako:

• Ndine rudzii rweHodgkin lymphoma?
• Ndeipi danho rechirwere changu?
• Munokurudzira kurapwa kupi?
• Ndezvipi zvinokanganisa zvinofanira kutarisirwa kubva mukurapwa?
• Unogona here kurapa chirwere changu?
• Mikana yekuti kenza idzoke ndeyei?

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peHodgkin Lymphoma neNon-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Hodgkin lymphoma uye non-Hodgkin lymphoma ese ari maviri magomarara anokanganisa masero ako emalymphocyte, asi pane misiyano mishoma pakati pawo.

Vanachiremba vanoona Hodgkin lymphoma seimwe yemhando dzegomarara dzinorapika zvakanyanya. Mishonga mitsva inogona kubvisa zviratidzo zveHodgkin lymphoma uye kutopedza chirwere chacho zvachose.

Zvisinei, maonero ako anoenderana nerudzi rweHodgkin lymphoma uye danho regomarara. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti vanhu vanopfuura 90% vanorapwa Hodgkin lymphoma iri padanho rekutanga vachiri vapenyu makore mashanu mushure mekuonekwa. Nemamwe mashoko, kana ikakurumidza kuonekwa, zviri nani.

Ziva shanduko dziri kuitika mumuviri wako, dzakadai sekuzvimba kwema lymph nodes, fivha isingaperi, uye kuneta. Kuva nezviratidzo izvi hazvirevi kuti une Hodgkin lymphoma, asi zvakanaka kuti unoongororwa. Kana zvasvika pachirwere ichi, kuongororwa nekukurumidza kunogona kuwedzera mikana yako yekugara usina kenza.

Pakupedzisira, meseji yekuenda nayo kumba:

Zvakajairika kuti unzwe kutya kana ukanzwa zita rekuti Hodgkin Lymphoma. Asi yeuka, iyi igomarara rinorapika zvakanyanya. Chinhu chakakosha kutsvaga mazano echiremba nekukurumidza paunongoona zviratidzo. Kunyanya kana uine zviratidzo zvakaita semapundu asingarwadzi mumutsipa, muhapwa, kana muzvidya, kuneta kunogara kwenguva refu, fivha isina tsananguro, kudikitira zvakanyanya husiku, uye kudzikira uremu, unofanira kuona chiremba.

Nekuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kwakakodzera, vanhu vazhinji vakakwanisa kupora zvizere kubva kuHodgkin lymphoma uye kurarama hupenyu hwakajairika. Saka, usambofa wakarasa tariro. Shoko rakakosha randinaro kwauri nderekutsvaga mazano echiremba nekukurumidza sezvinobvira kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine zviratidzo izvi.

Hodgkin lymphoma, kenza, lymph nodes, zviratidzo, kurapwa, B cells, Reed-Sternberg cells