Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, izwi rekuti 'insulin' ringangodaro rakajairika kwauri. Ungangove uri kushandisa majekiseni e insulin zuva nezuva. Asi chii chaizvo chinonzi insulin? Inoshanda sei mumiviri yedu? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore uye zvakajeka. Uchawana mhinduro dzemibvunzo yako yese muchinyorwa chino.
Chii chinonzi Insulin uye inoshanda sei?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, insulin ihormone inogadzirwa nemiviri yedu. Inogadzirwa nenhengo inonzi pancreas, iri mudumbu medu, iri kuseri kwedumbu. Saka basa guru re insulin iyi nderekubatsira kushandura chikafu chatinodya kuita simba, ukuwo tichidzora huwandu hweshuga muropa redu.
Fungidzira uchidya chimwe chinhu chine makabhohaidhiretsi, senge chidimbu chemupunga kana chidimbu chechingwa. Makabhohaidhiretsi aya anogayiwa mudumbu medu ova shuga yakapfava inonzi 'glucose'. Glucose iyi inobva yapinda muropa redu. Ipapo huwandu hweshuga muropa redu hunokwira.
Apa ndipo panobva insulin yedu 'yegamba'. Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukaonekwa kuti huri kuwedzera, pancreas inoburitsa hormone insulin muropa. Zvakafanana neAC mumba medu. Kana tembiricha iri mukamuri ikawedzera, AC inobatidza yotonhodza imba, uye kana tembiricha yadzikira, inodzima.
Saka insulin iyi inoburitswa inotora glucose iri muropa yoiendesa kumasero emuviri wedu. Masero anoshandisa glucose iyoyo kugadzira simba ratinoda mukati mezuva rose. Insulin inotiudzawo kuti tichengetedze glucose yakawedzerwa muchiropa netsandanyama dzedu kuti tizoshandisa gare gare. Kana glucose ikapinda mumasero nenzira iyi, huwandu hweshuga muropa hunodzokera pahwakajairika.
Asi mune vamwe vanhu, pancreas haigone kugadzira insulin yakakwana, kana kuti muviri haugone kushandisa insulin yaunoburitsa nemazvo. Izvi zvinonziwo 'insulin resistance'. Muchiitiko ichi, shuga inoungana muropa uye huwandu hweshuga hunogara hwakakwira. Isu tinodana chirwere ichi kuti hyperglycemia . Kuva neshuga yakawandisa muropa kwenguva yakareba ndiko kunokonzera chirwere cheshuga.
Insulin neGlucagon: Shamwari mbiri dzinodzora shuga
Glucagon , rimwe hormone rinokosha rinogadzirwa nepancreas yedu, pamwe chete neinsulin, rinoshanda zvakasiyana, asi kuti rirambe rakaringana muhuwandu hweshuga mumuviri.
- Insulin: Inoderedza huwandu hweshuga muropa.
- Glucagon: Inowedzera huwandu hweshuga muropa.
Fungidzira kuti hauna kudya nenguva, kana kuti wakaita maekisesaizi akawanda. Ipapo huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hunogona kudzikira. Panguva ino, pancreas inoburitsa glucagon. Glucagon inoudza chiropa kuti chiwedzere shuga yaimbova yakachengetwa (glycogen) muropa. Zvadaro huwandu hweshuga muropa hunodzokera pahwakajairika.
Nenzira iyi, mahormone maviri e insulin ne glucagon anoshanda zuva rese, zvichiita kuti huwandu hweshuga muropa redu hurambe huri pakati pehuwandu hwakati.
Ndedzipi mhando dze insulin dzinopihwa kune chirwere cheshuga?
Sezvo munhu ane chirwere cheshuga asingakwanise kudzora insulin yake, anofanira kupihwa insulin kunze kwemuviri wake nenzira yekubaiwa jekiseni. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze insulin. Dzakakamurwa kuita mapoka matatu makuru.
1. Kutanga: Kukurumidza kushanda kwejekiseni mushure mekupiwa.
2. Peak: Nguva inotora kuti simba remushonga wekudzivirira chirwere risvike padanho rayo repamusoro.
3. Nguva yainotora (nguva yainogara mumuviri): Kuti jekiseni rimwe chete rinodzora shuga yeropa kwenguva yakareba sei.
Rudzi rwe insulin yaunonyorerwa nachiremba wako runogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu izvi.
| Rudzi rweInsulin (Rudzi) | Nguva yekutanga | Kushanda kwepamusoro-soro | Nguva |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inoshanda nekukurumidza Semuenzaniso: Insulin aspart, Insulin lispro | Maminetsi angangoita gumi nemashanu | Inenge awa imwe chete | Maawa maviri kusvika mana |
| Kushanda kwenguva pfupi Semuenzaniso: insulin yenguva dzose (Humulin R, Novolin R) | Maminetsi angangoita makumi matatu | Maawa maviri kusvika matatu | Maawa matatu kusvika matanhatu |
| Kuita zvepakati nepakati Somuenzaniso: NPH insulin (Humulin N, Novolin N) | Maawa maviri kusvika mana | Maawa 4-12 | Maawa gumi nemaviri kusvika gumi nemasere |
| Inoshanda kwenguva refu Semuenzaniso: Insulin glargine (Lantus), Insulin detemir (Levemir) | Anenge maawa maviri | Hapana Peak | Kusvika maawa makumi maviri nemana |
| Inoshanda kwenguva refu zvikuru Muenzaniso: Insulin degludec (Tresiba) | Maawa angangoita matanhatu | Hapana Peak | Maawa makumi matatu nematanhatu kana kupfuura |
Ungasarudza sei insulin yakakodzera iwe?
Ichi hachisi chinhu chaunogona kusarudza wega. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza rudzi, mwero, uye nguva ye insulin yakakunakira zvichienderana nemamiriro ako ezvinhu. Pane zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinokanganisa izvi:
- Mhando uye huwandu hwechikafu chaunodya
- zera rako
- Danho rako rekuita kurovedza muviri (unoita maekisesaizi here kana kuti kwete)
- Maitiro ekudzora huwandu hweshuga muropa rako
- Nguva inotora kuti insulin inyudzwe nemuviri
Nzira dzekuwana insulin:
- Masirinji: Nzira inonyanya kushandiswa. Muyero we insulin unotorwa kubva mubhodhoro woiswa musirinji wobayiwa pasi peganda.
- Mapeni: Aya ari nyore kushandisa. Mudziyo wakaita sepeni une katuriji yakazadzwa ne insulin. Unogona kusarudza dose chaiyo ne dial wobva wabaya nejekiseni nekudzvanya bhatani.
- Pombi yeInsulin: Ichi chinhu chidiki chinoburitsa insulin mumuviri zvishoma nezvishoma mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana. Chinowanzoiswa pasi peganda redumbu.
Pane migumisiro yakaipa here kana munhu achibayiwa insulin?
Ehe, mhedzisiro huru uye inowanzo itika kana munhu achishandisa insulin ndeyekuti huwandu hweshuga muropa hunodzikira zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinozivikanwa sehypoglycemia mune zvehutano. Dambudziko iri rinogona kuitika kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukadzikira pasi pe70 mg/dL.
Zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa zve hypoglycemia:
- Kunzwa kunetseka, kusagadzikana
- Kudikitira zvakanyanya
- Kudedera kwemuviri
- Kunzwa nzara zvikuru
- Dzungu , maziso ebhuruu
- Kuvhiringidzika, hasha
Zvakakosha: Kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, chinogona kunge chiri chekukurumidzira. Usazviregeredza. Kana ukangofungidzira kuti une shuga shoma muropa, inwa chimwe chinhu chinotapira (chipunu cheshuga, shuga, chinwiwa chinotapira) wofonera chiremba wako nekukasika. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakomba, ungangoda kuenda kuEmergency Department yechipatara (ETU).
Kashoma, zviratidzo zvekurwara zvakaita sekutsvuka, kuvaviwa, uye kuzvimba zvinogona kuitika panzvimbo yekubaiwa jekiseni. Kana izvi zvikaitika, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo.
Unonyanya kubaya insulin kupi chaizvo?
Jekiseni re insulin rinofanira kuiswa muchikamu chemafuta chiri pasi peganda. Apa ndipo painopinzwa muropa uye inoshanda nemazvo. Nzvimbo dzakanakisa dzekuita izvi ndeidzi:
- Dumbu: Chero padumbu, zvichisiya nzvimbo inosvika masendimita maviri yakakomberedza guvhu.
- Kumashure kweruoko: Kumashure kweruoko rwepamusoro.
- Chidya: Kumberi kana kuti kumativi echidya.
- Chikamu chepamusoro chenzvimbo yemagaro.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti, usabaya jekiseni panzvimbo imwe chete zuva nezuva. Kana ukabaya jekiseni muruoko rwerudyi nhasi, baya jekiseni muruoko rweruboshwe mangwana. Kana ukabaya jekiseni mudumbu nhasi, baya jekiseni muruoko rweruboshwe mangwana. Rudzi urwu rwekutenderera kwenzvimbo rwunosungirwa. Kana ukaramba uchibaya jekiseni panzvimbo imwe chete, mapundu madiki (lipohypertrophy) anogona kuumbwa pasi peganda munzvimbo idzodzo. Nekuda kwemapundu iwayo, muviri ungasatora insulin zvakanaka gare gare.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Insulin ihormone inokosha inogadzirwa mumuviri wedu iyo inodzora shuga muropa.
- Kana uine chirwere cheshuga, mashandiro e insulin system iyi anokanganiswa, saka unofanirwa kutora insulin kubva kunze.
- Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze insulin. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza rudzi nechiyero chakanakira chirwere chako.
- Njodzi huru yekushandisa insulin ishuga shoma muropa (hypoglycemia). Gara uchiziva zviratidzo zvayo .
- Kana uine mibvunzo, zvinokunetsa, kana kusava nechokwadi nezve insulin, usatya kutaura pachena nachiremba wako nezvazvo.
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