Mumwe munhu mumhuri mako, pamwe shamwari yako, ari kurwara nechirwere cheitsvo. Zvakaoma sei kuti uvaone vachienda kudialysis zuva nezuva? Saka, ko kana ukagona kupa munhu iyeye hupenyu hutsva nekupa imwe yeitsvo dzako? Ichi chisarudzo chikuru chaizvo. Uye chinhu chakanaka kwazvo. Saka, nhasi tichangotaura nezvemaitiro aya akanaka anonzi kupa itsvo.
Chii chinonzi kupa itsvo nenzira iri nyore?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kupa itsvo kubvisa itsvo kubva kumunhu mumwe chete woiisa kune mumwe munhu ane itsvo dziri kutadza kushanda zvakanaka.
Fungidzira, munhu mupenyu anopa imwe yeitsvo dzake. Munhu akafa nepfungwa anogona kuwana itsvo dzese. Mubvunzo mukuru waungave nawo ndewekuti, "Unogona kurarama neitsvo imwe here?" Ehe, unogona! Munhu ane itsvo imwe chete ine hutano anogona kurarama hupenyu hurefu, hune hutano pasina matambudziko.
Ndezvipi zvirwere zvinogona kurapwa nekupa itsvo?
Kupa itsvo kunobatsira munhu ari kutambura nekutadza kushanda zvakanaka kweitsvo . Kukundikana kushanda zvakanaka kweitsvo chirwere chekuti itsvo dzako dzese dziri mbiri hadzisi kushanda zvakanaka.
Itsvo ndeimwe yenhengo huru dzemuviri wedu. Basa radzo nderekusefa tsvina nemvura isingadiwi kubva muropa uye kuiburitsa mumuviri seweti.
Uyewo, itsvo dzakakosha zvikuru pakuenzanisa ma electrolytes akadai se potassium ne sodium mumuviri uye kudzora BP.
Kana itsvo dzikatadza kushanda, mvura inoungana mumuviri, zvichikonzera kuzvimba mumakumbo (edema). Mvura inoungana yakakomberedza mapapu (pleural effusion) uye yakakomberedza moyo (pericardial effusion). Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti mwoyo usashande zvakanaka, zvichikonzera kutadza kushanda kwemoyo. Mazinga ePotassium anogonawo kukwira zvine njodzi, zvichikonzera kurova kwemoyo zvisina kurongeka (arrhythmias) uye kunyange kufa kamwe kamwe kwemoyo.
Ndosaka kukundikana kweitsvo kuri chirwere chinouraya kana pasina kurapwa. Munhu ane chirwere ichi anofanira kuvhiyiwa dialysis kwehupenyu hwake hwese kana kuisirwa itsvo.
Ndedzipi nzira dzekupa itsvo?
Kune nzira mbiri huru dzekupa itsvo. Kungava kubva kumunhu mupenyu, kana kubva kumunhu achangobva kufa (brain dead). Kune nzira dzakawanda idzo munhu mupenyu anogona kupa nadzo. Ngatitsanangurei izvi zvakare mutafura ino.
| Nzira yekupa | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kubva kuhama iri mupenyu (Living Related) | Kupa itsvo nehama yeropa (vabereki, vanun'una kana hanzvadzi). |
| Kubva kumunhu mupenyu asina hukama (Kurarama Asina hukama) | Kupa zvipo kushamwari, murume kana mukadzi, kana munhu asina hukama naye. |
| Kupa Kunotungamirirwa | Mupi wacho ndiye anosarudza chaizvo kuti itsvo yake inopiwa ani. |
| Kuchinjana Kwakabatana | Izvi zvakaoma zvishoma. Fungidzira kuti unoda kupa hama yako itsvo, asi marudzi eropa rako haaenderane. Uye unoda kupa imwe hama itsvo, asi hadzienderane. Asi itsvo yako inoenderana nehama yechipiri, uye itsvo yemumwe munhu inoenderana nehama yako. Zvadaro, vaviri vanopa vanochinjana itsvo. |
| Kupa Kwerudo | Mupi haazivi munhu achagamuchira itsvo yake. Vanopa nechinangwa chakanaka chekuponesa hupenyu hwemunhu wavasingazive anoda rubatsiro. |
Ndiani anokodzera kupa itsvo achiri mupenyu?
Kupa itsvo ibasa guru. Saka, mupi anofanira kunge aine hutano hwakanaka. Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvinofanira kuzadzikiswa.
- Zera: Kuti upe itsvo, unofanirwa kunge uine makore gumi nemasere zvichikwira. Nekuti munhu ari pasi pezera iroro haakwanise kubvuma zviri pamutemo sarudzo yakakura kudaro. Zvisinei, hapana muganho wezera repamusoro. Kunyangwe munhu ane makore makumi mapfumbamwe ekuberekwa ane hutano hwakanaka anogona kupa itsvo zvinobudirira.
- Hutano hwemuviri:Chiremba achaongorora muviri wako wese. Vachaongorora zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita senhoroondo yako yehutano, kana paine munhu mumhuri yako akamborwara neitsvo, mishonga yauri kutora, uye mashandiro eitsvo dzako nedzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Vakadzi vane pamuviri havagone kupa itsvo. Vanofanirawo kuva ne body mass index (BMI) iri pasi pe35. Vanhu vanoputa kana vape havagone kupa itsvo. Zvese izvi zvinoitirwa kuchengetedza mupi.
- Hutano hwepfungwa: Chikwata chevanachiremba chichaongororawo hutano hwepfungwa dzako. Iyi inyaya huru, mumuviri nemupfungwa. Vachataura nezvekushushikana kunogona kuitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye kugona kwako kurarama nako. Vanachiremba vepfungwa nevashandi vemagariro evanhu vachabatanidzwa mune izvi. Dzimwe nguva, kunyange vapi vemazano vakakosha vachabatanidzwa mune izvi kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti hapana ari kukumanikidza .
Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinofanira kuitwa usati wapa?
Usati wasarudza kana wakakodzera kupa itsvo, timu yezvekurapa ichaita bvunzo dzakasiyana-siyana.
- Kuongororwa kweropa
- Kuongororwa kwemasoja ekudzivirira muviri
- Kuongororwa kwegomarara zvinoenderana nezera (semuenzaniso, colonoscopy, mammogram uye Pap smear yevakadzi)
- Miedzo yekufungidzira yakaita seX-rays uye CT scans
- Miedzo yakaita seEKG uye bvunzo yekushushikana kwemuviri kuti uone hutano hwemoyo
- Kuongororwa kweweti kuti uone kana itsvo dzakagwinya
- Kuongororwa kweBP kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana
- Kuongororwa kwepamuviri
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa sei?
Kuvhiyiwa kwekubvisa itsvo (kunonzi `radical nephrectomy`) kunowanzo tora maawa maviri kusvika matatu.
Kutanga, chiremba weanotindivadza achakurara zvachose (general anesthesia). Saka hauzonzwi kurwadziwa kana kufenda. Zvadaro, Foley catheter ichaiswa kuti iongorore kubuda kweweti yako.
Neruzivo rwemazuva ano rwepamusoro, kuvhiyiwa uku kunowanzoitwa uchishandisa nzira yekiyi (laparoscopic approach) . Izvi zvinoreva kuti panzvimbo pekucheka kukuru kumwe chete, kucheka kudiki diki katatu kusvika kashanu kunogadzirwa mudumbu mako. Chishandiso chitete chine kamera (laparoscope) chinoiswa kuburikidza nekucheka kumwe chete, chotariswa pamonitor, uye itsvo inobviswa uchishandisa zvishandiso zvidiki zvinoiswa kuburikidza nezvimwe zvichemo. Nzira iyi inoita kuti kuporeswa nekukurumidza uye mavanga asanyanya kuderera.
Itsvo yakabviswa inoendeswa kumurwere anogamuchira chirwere ichi, kazhinji mukamuri rekuvhiyiwa riri pedyo pachipatara chimwe chete, yobva yaisirwa mumwe munhu.
Chii chinoitika mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye kupora kuri sei?
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, uchaendeswa kukamuri rekupora kuti utariswe. Paunomuka kubva muanesthesia, unonzwa kunonoka zvishoma. Uchapihwa mushonga wekudzora marwadzo. Unogona kutanga kudya nekunwa zvishoma nezvishoma.Kubuda pamubhedha nekufamba nekukurumidza zvinoita kuti kuporeswa kukurumidze.
Kazhinji unofanira kugara muchipatara kwemazuva maviri kana matatu. Kana waenda kumba, zvakakosha kuti uve nemumwe munhu anokutarisira kweinenge vhiki.
Zvinotora pakati pemavhiki mana kusvika matanhatu kuti unyatsopora uye utangezve kuita mabasa ako enguva dzose. Munguva iyi, unofanira kudzivisa kusimudza zvinhu zvinorema (zvinodarika 5 kg) uye kutyaira (zvinenge mavhiki maviri). Kana uri mukadzi, unokurudzirwa kudzivirira kubata pamuviri kwegore rinenge rimwe chete.
Ndezvipi zvakanakira uye njodzi dzekupa itsvo?
Chinhu chikuru chinoita kuti munhu agutsikane ndechekuti munhu anowana hupenyu kubva pakupa mumwe munhu hupenyu. Uyewo, kana itsvo ikatorwa kubva kumunhu mupenyu, inoramba ichishanda kwemakore angangoita 15-20 kupfuura kana ikatorwa kubva kumunhu akafa. Njodzi yekuramba ishomawo.
Kufanana nekuvhiyiwa kupi zvako, uku kune njodzi.
- Kugwamba kweropa
- Utachiona hwebhakitiriya
- Hernia
- Mavanga
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, mashandiro eitsvo yako achadzikira kusvika pamwero wakati. Izvozvo zvinganzwika zvinotyisa. Zvisinei, mushure mechinguva, itsvo yako yasara ichakura, ikasimba, uye inotanga kuita basa revanhu vaviri. Saka, hapazovi nematambudziko enguva refu.
Mimwe mibvunzo mishoma inokosha
Kupa itsvo kunopfupisa hupenyu hwako here?
Kwete. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kupa itsvo hakupfupisi hupenyu hwemupi kana kuwedzera njodzi yekurwara neitsvo mune ramangwana.
Ko kana ndichida itsvo ini pachangu mushure mekupa?
Mikana yekuti izvi zviitike yakaderera zvikuru. Asi kana zvikaitika, semunhu anopa itsvo, uchapiwa mukana wepamusoro pane vanomirira kuiswa itsvo. Uchawana itsvo munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, kana ukaona kubuda ropa rakawanda kubva pamachekwa, zviratidzo zvehutachiona (fivha, kubuda kweropa kubva paronda kunhuwa), ropa muweti yako, kana dzungu, zivisa chiremba wako nekukasika.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kupa itsvo chipo chikuru chinogona kuponesa hupenyu hwemumwe munhu.
- Neitsvo imwe chete ine hutano, unogona kurarama hupenyu hune hutano hwakakwana uye hurefu.
- Vasati vapa itsvo, vanoongororwa zvakanyanya nezvekurapa uye zvepfungwa kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti munhu wacho akachengeteka.
- Zvinotora nguva kuti munhu apore mushure mekuvhiyiwa, uye mwoyo murefu nekuzorora zvakakosha.
- Hazvisi pamutemo kugamuchira mari yekupa itsvo. Mari yekurapwa yekuvhiyiwa inowanzo bhadharwa neinishuwarenzi yemunhu anovhiyiwa.
- Kana uri kufunga nezveizvi, taura nachiremba wako usati waita sarudzo uye uwane ruzivo rwakakwana nezveruzivo rwese nenjodzi.
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