Ngatidzidzei zvakawanda nezvechirwere cheLegionnaires! Ngatikurukurei!

Wakambonzwa nezvechirwere cheLegionnaires here? Zita racho ringanzwika serisinganzwisisike, handiti? Asi chaizvoizvo chirwere chinokanganisa mapapu edu, uye dzimwe nguva chinogona kuva nengozi. Chinokonzerwa nebhakitiriya. Nhasi, tichataura nezvechirwere cheLegionnaires nenzira iri nyore uye iri nyore kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi chirwere cheLegionnaires?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere cheLegionnaires chirwere chakakomba chemapapu edu chinokonzerwa nerudzi rwebhakitiriya rinonzi `(Legionella)`. Chakafanana nepneumonia. Chinogona kukanganisa kwete mapapu edu chete, asi dzimwe nguva uropi hwedu uye kunyange nzira yedu yekugaya.

Kune imwe fivha isina kunyanya kusimba inokonzerwa nebhakitiriya rimwe chete, inonzi Pontiac fever. Haina kunyanyisa seLegionnaires' disease, uye inokonzera zviratidzo zvakafanana nedzihwa, zvakaita sefivha nekurwadziwa kwemuviri. Zvisinei, chirwere cheLegionnaires chinogona kutyisidzira hupenyu, saka zvakakosha kuziva izvi.

Chii chakasiyana pakati pepneumonia neLegionnaires' disease?

Zvino ungangove uchifunga kuti, "Saka pneumonia neLegionnaires' disease zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana?" Ehe, ndizvozvo. Pneumonia izita rinowanzo shandiswa pakutapukirwa nehutachiona hwemapapu. Chirwere cheLegionnaires rudzi rwakafanana rwepneumonia, asi chinonyanya kuitika kana bhakitiriya inonzi `(Legionella)` ikapinda mumapapu.

Vanhu vazhinji vanobatwa nechirwere ichi uye vanoendeswa kuchipatara vane zviratidzo zvakaita sefivha nekukosora. Zvisinei, vamwe vanogonawo kusangana nezvimwe zviratidzo zvakaita semanyoka nekuvhiringidzika (kurasikirwa nepfungwa).

Ndiani ane mukana mukuru wekuwana chirwere cheLegionnaires?

Kutaura zvazviri, havasi vese vanobatwa nehutachiona hwe`(Legionella)` vanozobatwa nechirwere ichi. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekuchibata. Ona kana izvi zvichishanda kwauri:

• Kana une makore anopfuura makumi mashanu.
• Kana uri munhu anoputa fodya, kana kuti wakamboputa fodya kare.
• Kana masoja emuviri wako asina simba, zvimwe zvirwere (semuenzaniso, utachiona hweHIV, chirwere cheshuga, kenza, chirwere cheitsvo kana chechiropa) uye mimwe mishonga inogonawo kuderedza masoja emuviri wako.
• Kana uine chirwere chekufema kwenguva refu, chakadai seCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) kana Emphysema.
• Kana uchigara munzvimbo inochengetwa vakwegura kwenguva refu, yakadai senzvimbo inochengeterwa vakwegura.
• Kana wakambopinda muchipatara nguva pfupi yadarika.
• Kana wakambovhiyiwa uchishandisa anesthesia munguva pfupi yapfuura.
• Kana uchangobva kuisirwa nhengo.

Vanhu ava vanowanzobatwa nechirwere cheLegionnaires kupfuura vamwe.

Chirwere cheLegionnaires chakajairika zvakadii?

Munyika yakaita seAmerica, vanhu vanosvika zviuru gumi nezvisere vanoiswa muzvipatara gore rega rega nekuda kwechirwere ichi. Chinowanzoonekwa kubva muna Chikumi kusvika Gumiguru. Mamiriro akafanana anogona kutaurwawo muSri Lanka, saka zvakanaka kuziva.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvechirwere cheLegionnaires?

Zviratidzo zveLegionella zvinotanga kuonekwa mukati memazuva maviri kusvika gumi nemana mushure mekusangana nebhakitiriya. Zviratidzo zvakafanana nepneumonia ndizvo zvinotanga kuonekwa. Pamusoro pezvo, zviratidzo zvinosanganisira tsinga (uropi) uye dumbu (ura) zvinogonawo kuitika.

Ngatitarisei zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvikuru:

• Fivha (inowanzo pfuura 40 degrees Celsius (104⁰ F/40⁰ C))
• Kukosora (kazhinji kukosora kwakaoma)
• Kutadza kufema zvakanaka (Dyspnea)
• Manyoka
• Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama
• Musoro
• Kunzwa kuda kurutsa (kunzwa kurwara)
• Kuvhiringidzika (kuvhiringidzika, kuvhiringidzika)
• Kukosora ropa (Hemoptysis)
• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu

Kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi kana kupfuura, unofanira kuona chiremba nekukasika.

Chii chinokonzera chirwere cheLegionnaires?

Sezvatakambotaura, chikonzero chikuru chechirwere ichi ibhakitiriya `(Legionella)`. Kunyangwe paine mhando dzinosvika makumi matanhatu dzebhakitiriya `(Legionella)`, iyo inonyanya kukonzera chirwere cheLegionnaires i`(Legionella pneumophila). Chirwere ichi chinoitika kana bhakitiriya iyi ikapinda mumapapu edu ichikonzera hutachiona.

Utachiona uhwu hwe`(Legionella)` hunogara mumadziva, nzizi, nevhu. Zvisinei, hunowanzo pararira kuvanhu kuburikidza nenzvimbo dzakadai semasystem emvura nemasystem emhepo inotonhodza muzvivakwa zvikuru. Semuenzaniso, kana masystem aya mumahotera, muzvipatara, nemahofisi makuru asina kuchengetwa zvakanaka, hutachiona uhwu hunogona kukura nekuburitswa mumhepo semadonhwe emvura. Patinofema madonhwe emvura iwayo, anogona kuenda zvakananga kumapapu edu. Kana kuti, mvura yakasviba mumuromo medu inogona "kukwira pahuro" netsaona uye mumapapu edu (izvi zvinonzi `(aspiration)`).

Chirwere cheLegionnaires chinopararira sei kwatiri?

Chirwere ichi chinonyanya kutapuriranwa nekufema madonhwe madiki emvura (mvura yakaputirwa kana mhute) yakasvibiswa nebhakitiriya reLegionella. Kana, nekufema mvura yakasviba zvakananga mumapapu (aspiration).

Kupararira kwechirwere cheLegionnaires kwave kuchitaurwa munzvimbo dzakadai semahotera, zvipatara, nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa vakwegura, uye ngarava dzekufambisa ngarava. Zvisinei, izvi zvinowanzotaurwa sezviitiko zvakasiyana.

Kune nzvimbo dzakawanda apo chirwere ichi chinogona kutapuriranwa:

• Mabhavhu anodziya uye majacuzzi
• Musoro weshawa (shawa mudzimba dzekugezera)
• Pombi yemvura
• Zvinonhuhwirira
• Zvinhu zvekushongedza mvura zvakaita sematsime
• Masisitimu ekudziya nekutonhodza muzvivakwa zvikuru
• Kuiswa kwechubhu panguva yekuvhiyiwa
• Ivhu (kunyanya kubva mukufema guruva panzvimbo dzekuvaka)

Zvakakosha: Chirwere cheLegionnaires hachiparadzirwi kubva kumunhu kuenda kune mumwe. Kureva kuti, hachisi chirwere chinotapukira. Unongochiwana chete kana ukawana mabhakitiriya kubva munharaunda.

Chirwere cheLegionnaires chinoonekwa sei?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvechirwere cheLegionnaires, paunoona chiremba, vanotanga vakubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako, nhoroondo yehutano hwako, uye chero nhoroondo yekufamba kwako munguva pfupi yapfuura. Zvadaro vanozoongorora muviri wako.

Miedzo inotevera inogona kuitwa kusimbisa chirwere ichi:

• Kuongororwa kweweti kana kuti sputum: Iyi ndiyo miedzo inonyanya kuwanikwa. Vanotsvaga mabhakitiriya eLegionella mumuenzaniso weweti yako kana muenzaniso wemaputum anobuda pakukosora kwako.
• Kuongororwa kweropa: Muenzaniso weropa rako unogona kutorwa kuti utarise ma antibodies kana zvikamu zvebhakitiriya zvakagadzirwa nemuviri wako kurwisa bhakitiriya reLegionella. Izvi zvinogonawo kutarisa kuti dzimwe nhengo dzako dziri kushanda zvakanaka sei.
• X-ray yechipfuva kana CT scan: Mifananidzo iyi inogona kubatsira kutarisa kana paine hutachiona mumapapu ako, hwakadai sepneumonia.
• Bronchoscopy: Dzimwe nguva, chiremba angangoda kuisa chubhu yakatetepa, ine kamera mumapapu. Izvi zvinobvumira chiremba kuongorora zvakananga mukati memapapu uye kutora sampuli kuti dziongororwe.
• Thoracentesis: Kana paine mvura yakakomberedza mapapu, sampuro yemvura iyoyo inogona kutorwa yoongororwa mabhakitiriya eLegionella.

Miedzo iyi ndiyo chete nzira yekuziva nemazvo kana uine chirwere cheLegionnaires.

Chirwere cheLegionnaires chinorapwa sei?

Chirwere cheLegionnaires chinorapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya . Mishonga iyi inogona kupiwa jekiseni mutsinga (IV) kana semapiritsi, zvichienderana nekuoma kwechirwere.

Kana uchinetseka kufema, ungangoda kupihwa oxygen. Kurapwa kwechirwere ichi kunowanzoda kugara muchipatara.

Mamwe emhando huru dzemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa pakurapa ndeaya:

• Azithromycin
• Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin kana Ciprofloxacin
• Tetracycline, doxycycline , kana minocycline
• Rifampin (inopiwa pamwe chete nemamwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya)

Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakakomba, kana usingakwanise kufema wega, ungangoda kubatsirwa nekufema uchishandisa muchina (mechanical ventilation).

Chii chatingaita kuti tizvidzivirire kubva kuchirwere cheLegionnaires?

Pane zvinhu zvatinogona kuita isu, pamwe nevatungamiriri vekuvaka, kuderedza njodzi iyi.

• Vatariri vezvivakwa zvikuru: Zvakakosha kuchengetedza nekuuraya utachiona pamapombi, ma air conditioner, uye ma tower ekutonhodza echivako chako. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kudzora kukura kwebhakitiriya reLegionella.
• Zvinhu zvatinogona kuita kumba:
• Chenesa zvinhu zvakaita semashawa, mapombi, madhishi emvura inopisa, uye zvinonyorovesa mvura nguva dzose.
• Usashandise mvura isina kuchena panzvimbo pemvura inopukuta girazi remotokari yako, sezvo utachiona uhwu hunogona kukurawo mutangi remvura iroro.

Chii chaungatarisira kana ukabatwa nechirwere cheLegionnaires?

Chirwere cheLegionnaires chinogona kukukonzera kurwara zvakanyanya, kazhinji kacho chichida kurapwa kuchipatara. Asi mashoko akanaka ndeekuti chinogona kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.

Uchafanira kunwa mushonga kunyangwe wasvika kumba kubva kuchipatara kusvika hutachiona hwapera zvachose. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kuva nezviratidzo izvi kwemwedzi yakati wandei mushure mekunge vapora:

• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya (Kuneta)
• Matambudziko nekuenzanisa kana kubatana
• Kuomerwa nekufamba
• Kutaura kusina kujeka
• Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama

Kana zviratidzo zvakadai zvikaramba zviripo, zvakakosha kutaura nachiremba wako.

Matambudziko echirwere cheLegionnaires

Dzimwe nguva, chirwere cheLegionnaires chinogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa nhengo dzedu netsandanyama.

• Kutadza kufema: Kana mapapu asingakwanise kupa okisijeni yakakwana kuropa, kunonzi kutadza kufema. Muchiitiko ichi, kufema kunoitwa nemuchina (mechanical ventilation).
• Kukuvara kweitsvo zvakanyanya (AKI): Kana itsvo dzikarega kushanda, hadzikwanisi kusefa tsvina kubva muropa. Izvi zvinorapwa nemushonga kana muchina wekuchenesa ropa (dialysis).
• Encephalopathy: Zviratidzo zvine chekuita netsinga (kuvhiringidzika, matambudziko ekuenzanisa, kuoma kutaura) zvinogona kuwedzera.
• Empyema: Nzvimbo ine urwa iri munzvimbo yakatenderedza mapapu. Izvi zvingada chubhu yechipfuva kuti ibudise urwa.
• Kuzvimba kwemoyo wako: Mabhakitiriya emwoyo anogona kukonzera kuzvimba. Dzimwe nguva izvi zvinogona kurapwa nemishonga.
• Rhabdomyolysis: Chirwere chinokonzerwa nekukuvara kwetsandanyama nekuputsika kwetsinga. Izvi zvinorapwa nekubvisa chepfu mumuviri.

Matambudziko aya haaitike kune wese munhu, asi kana chirwere chikakura, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuitika, saka zvakakosha kutsvaga kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Unogona here kurarama nechirwere cheLegionnaires?

Kunyange hazvo chirwere cheLegionnaires chiri chirwere chakakomba, vanhu vazhinji vanopora kubva pachiri. Nekurapwa kwakakodzera, huwandu hwerufu hunokonzerwa nehutachiona hwemapapu hunokonzerwa neLegionella huri pakati pe5% ne10%. Zvisinei, kana chikasarapwa, njodzi yekufa inogona kusvika pa30% kusvika 80%. Nokudaro, kutsvaga mazano echiremba nekukurumidza kana zviratidzo zvaonekwa kunogona kuponesa hupenyu.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvechirwere cheLegionnaires (zvakaita sefivha, kukosora, kushaya mweya, manyoka, uye kuvhiringidzika kwatakakurukura kare), enda kuna chiremba nekukasika.

Uyewo, kana ukanzwa nezvekupararira kwechirwere cheLegionnaires kwaunoshanda kana kugara, bvunza chiremba wako kuti ndeapi matanho ekudzivirira aunofanira kutora.

Ndinofanira kuenda kuEmergency Treatment Unit (ETU) riini?

Kana uine fivha yakanyanya, uchinetseka kufema, uchikosora ropa, kana zviratidzo zvine chekuita netsinga (matambudziko ekuenzanisa, kutaura kusina kunyatsojeka, kuvhiringidzika), enda kuchipatara che emergency chiri pedyo nekukasika.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

Kana ukaonekwa uine chirwere cheLegionnaires, ungada kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Zvichatora nguva yakareba sei kuti ndipore?
• Ndinofanira kushandisa mushonga uyu sei chaizvo?
• Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvitsva kana kuti zvinoramba zvichiitika zvandinofanira kunetseka nazvo?

Pakupedzisira, zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Saka, chirwere cheLegionnaires, chatataura nezvacho nhasi, chirwere chatinofanira kunyanya kunetseka nacho, uye dzimwe nguva chinogona kuisa hupenyu pangozi. Asi, chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chirwere chinorapika uye chinorapika .

Yeuka:

* Kana ukaona zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi, usapedza nguva uye tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.

* Chenjerera zvikuru nezveizvi kana uri weboka rine njodzi (senge vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mashanu, vanoputa fodya, kana mumwe munhu ane masoja emuviri asina simba).

* Kuchengetedza zvakanaka masisitimu emvura akatikomberedza, kunyanya ari muzvivakwa zvikuru nemahotera, kwakakosha zvikuru kudzivirira kupararira kwechirwere ichi.

* Chengeta zvinhu zvakaita semapombi nemisoro yeshawa zvakachena kumba.

Ndinovimba ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira. Ramba uine hutano hwakanaka!

Chirwere cheLegionnaires , Pneumonia, Legionella, Utachiona hweMapapu, Mabhakitiriya, Kuoma Kwekufema, Mishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya