Mafuta Emuviri (Lipids): Zvakanaka, Zvakaipa, uye Zvatinofanira Kuziva

Wakamboona mashoko akaita seCholesterol neTriglycerides paunotarisa mushumo weropa here? Pamwe chiremba wako akakuudza kuti, "Cholesterol yako yakakwira zvishoma, chenjera." Tose tinotya izwi rekuti 'cholesterol', handiti? Asi chii chaizvo chinonzi Lipids idzi, kana kuti sezvatinowanzodzidaidza, mafuta ari mumiviri yedu? Akaipa chete pamiviri yedu here? Kana kuti pane mamwe akanaka here? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo nhasi kuti tipindure mibvunzo yese yauri kufunga nezvayo.

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mafuta aya chii?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mafuta iboka remakemikari ari mumiviri yedu ane hunhu hwemafuta kana wakisi. Musiyano mukuru ndewekuti haanyungudike mumvura. Fungidzira kana ukaisa mafuta ekokonati mugirazi remvura, anoyangarara pamusoro, asi haasangani nemvura, handiti? Ndiwo mawanirwo anoitwa mafuta muropa redu.

Mafuta aya akakosha pamabasa akawanda akakosha mumuviri wedu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mafuta haasi 'akaipa' chete. Asi sezvimwe zvinhu, matambudziko anomuka kana akawandisa.

Mhando dzemafuta atinowanzo kunzwa nezvawo nenyaya dzawo

Patinotaura nezvemafuta, zvakakosha kuziva nezvevamwe vanhu vakakosha. Pamwe wakambonzwa mazita aya kare.

1. Cholesterol: Iyi ndiyo nhengo inozivikanwa zvikuru yemhuri yemafuta. Cholesterol inokosha kuti muviri wedu utore mafuta nemavhitamini uye kuti ugadzire mahormone.

2. MaTriglycerides: Aya ndiwo maitiro makuru emuviri wedu ekuchengetedza simba. Macalorie atinowana kubva muchikafu chatinodya anoshandurwa kuita triglycerides nemuviri uye anochengetwa mumasero emafuta.

Asi pane dambudziko diki pano. Sezvandambotaura, cholesterol ne triglycerides hazvinyunguduke mumvura. Ropa redu rinonyanya kuva mvura. Saka zvinofamba sei muropa mumuviri wese?

Ma lipoprotein aya ndiwo akavakirwa nyaya ye cholesterol 'yakanaka' ne 'yakaipa' yatakanzwa nezvayo.

Mamwe mabhenefiti emafuta mumuviri wedu

Kuwedzera kune dambudziko recholesterol, mafuta ane zvimwe zvakawanda zvakanakira miviri yedu.

• Kuchengetedza simba uye kutakura: MaTriglycerides anoshanda senzvimbo huru yekuchengetedza simba mumuviri wedu.
• Kutumira mameseji kumasero: Mahormone eSteroid rudzi rwemafuta anotumira mameseji pakati pemasero mumuviri wedu.
• Kubatsira kugaya chikafu: Munyu wenyongo, unogadzirwa nechiropa uchishandisa cholesterol, unobatsira kugaya mafuta ari muchikafu chatinodya.
• Kudzivirira masero: Sero rega rega mumuviri wedu rine chifukidziro chekunze. Izvi zvinonzi membrane yemasero. Izvi zvinoumbwa nemafuta. Zvakafanana negedhi reimba. Chifukidziro ichi chemafuta chinosarudza kuti ndiani anogona kupinda musero uye ndiani anogona kubuda.

Zvirwere zvinoitika kana huwandu hwemafuta mumuviri hukakanganiswa

Kazhinji, muviri wedu unogadzira huwandu hwemafuta aunoda. Asi dzimwe nguva chiyero ichi chinorasika. Zvadaro, zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuitika.

• Hyperlipidemia: Uku kuwedzera kwakanyanya kwemafuta (cholesterol, triglycerides) muropa.
• Hypolipidemia: Iri idambudziko diki remafuta muropa. Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki.
• Atherosclerosis: Uyu ndiwo mhedzisiro ine njodzi huru. LDL kana kuti "cholesterol yakaipa" inoungana mumadziro etsinga dzeropa, zvichiita kuti dzitete uye dziome kubva mukati. Izvi ndizvo zvatinodaidza kuti "kuoma kwetsinga."
• Chirwere chemwoyo: Chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuvharika kwetsinga dzinopa ropa kumoyo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kurwiswa kwemoyo.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwe triglyceride muropa.

Pane zviratidzo zvinoratidza huwandu hwakawanda hwemafuta mumuviri here?

Chinhu chine njodzi zvikuru pano ndechekuti vanhu vazhinji havaratidzi zviratidzo, zvisinei nekuti cholesterol yavo muropa yakakwira sei . Ndosaka vamwe vachiti "muurayi akanyarara." Zviratidzo zvinongoonekwa chete kana tsinga dzeropa dzanyanya kutetepa.

Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vane cholesterol yakakwira vanogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita seizvi:

• Xanthelasma: Mapundu madiki, eyero paganda rakatenderedza maziso, kunyanya mukati meziso.
• Xanthoma: Bundu rinoumbwa nekuiswa kwemafuta pasi peganda mune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri, kunyanya kutenderedza majoini emakumbo.
• Corneal Arcus: Mhete chena kana grey yakakomberedza cornea yeziso. Izvi zvinoitika kakawanda patinokura, asi kana ukaona izvi mumunhu wechidiki, zvinogona kuva chiratidzo chehuwandu hwecholesterol yakakwira.

Ndingaziva sei chaizvo kuti mazinga angu emafuta ari papi?

Nzira chete yekuziva huwandu hwemafuta mumuviri wako ndeyekuongororwa ropa kunonzi lipid profile . Iyi iongororo yeropa iri nyore kwazvo.

Uyewo, dzivisa kutora bvunzo iyi kana uchirwara kana kuti uri pasi pekushushikana, sezvo mhedzisiro yacho inogona kunge yakasiyana zvishoma panguva dzakadaro. Udzawo chiremba wako nezvemishonga yauri kutora.

Nhamba dziri mumushumo dzinoti chii?

Kazhinji, kukosha kuri mumushumo weLipid Profile ndekwekuti: (izvi zvinhu zvakajairika, uye chiremba wako anogona kugadzirisa zvinangwa zvichienderana nemamiriro ehutano hwako):

• Cholesterol Yose: Chiri pasi pe200 mg/dL ndicho chakanakisa.
• Cholesterol yeLDL ("yakaipa"): Isingasviki 130 mg/dL yakanaka. Asi kana uine chirwere cheshuga kana chirwere chemwoyo, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuti igare iri pasi pe100 mg/dL kana kutoti 70 mg/dL.
• Cholesterol yeHDL ("yakanaka"): Inopfuura 60 mg/dL inoonekwa seyakachengeteka. Kana izvi zvakakwirira, zviri nani.
• Triglycerides: Zviri pasi pe150 mg/dL zvakanaka.

Zvinhu zvatinogona kuita kudzora mazinga emafuta mumuviri

Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti huwandu hwemafuta mumuviri hunogona kudzorwa zvakanyanya nekuchinja mararamiro edu.

1. Kuchinja kwekudya

• Deredza mafuta akazara: Ava ndivo vavengi vakuru vanowedzera mazinga edu eLDL. Deredza zvekudya zvakawanda sezvinobvira nemukaka wekokonati wakawanda, chikafu chine mafuta, nyama tsvuku (nyama yemombe, nyama yenguruve), zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvine mafuta akazara (chizi, bota), uye chikafu chinokurumidza.
• Sarudza mafuta akanaka: Nzungu dzakadai semafuta emuorivhi, mafuta ecanola, maavocado, nzungu, uye macashew dzine mafuta ane hutano.
• Idya chikafu chine faibha yakawanda: Isa zviyo zvakawanda (mupunga webrown, oats, bhari), miriwo, michero, nenyemba (nyemba, nyemba, bhinzi). Faibha inobatsira kubvisa cholesterol mumuviri.
• Deredza kudya zvine shuga neupfu: Zvinhu zvakaita sezvinwiwa zvinotapira, makeke, mabhisikiti, nechingwa zvinowedzera huwandu hwe triglycerides mumuviri wedu.

2. Kurovedza muviri

Nekuita maekisesaizi akadai sekufamba nekukurumidza, kumhanya, kuchovha bhasikoro, kana kushambira kwemaminitsi makumi matatu pazuva, mazuva mashanu pasvondo, unogona kuwedzera huwandu hwe "cholesterol" yeHDL uye kuderedza huwandu hwe "LDL" ne "triglyceride" mumuviri wako.

3. Dzimwe shanduko dzemararamiro

• Ramba uine huremu hwakanaka: Sezvo huremu hwemuviri huchiwedzera, huwandu hwemafuta mumuviri hunowedzerawo. Kudzikira huremu hudiki kunogona kuita mutsauko mukuru.
• Dzivisa kusvuta zvachose: Kusvuta kunoderedza huwandu hweHDL ("yakanaka") cholesterol uye kunokuvadza mitsipa yeropa, zvichiita kuti chirwere che atherosclerosis chiwedzere.
• Rara zvakanaka: Kurara zvakakwana kwemaawa 7-9 pazuva kwakakoshawo pahutano hwese.
• Tevedzera zano rachiremba wako: Kana huwandu hwemafuta mumuviri wako husingakwanise kudzorwa nekuchinja mararamiro ako chete, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga. Mastatin ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa. Kune mimwe mishonga yakaita se bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, uye PCSK9 inhibitors . Zvakakosha kutora mishonga yaunorayirwa nachiremba wako sezvakarairwa.