Itsvo dzako dziri kuburitsa mapuroteni akawandisa here? Ngatitaurei nezveNephrotic Syndrome!

Makumbo, maoko, kana kumeso kwako zvakangoerekana zvatanga kuzvimba here? Kana kuti weti yako yakaita semuviri wemwana ari kuzvimba here? Inotaridzika sefuro here paunoita weti ? Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri dambudziko diki neitsvo dzako, izvo zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nechirwere. Nhasi tichataura nezvechimwe chirwere cheitsvo chakadai, 'Nephrotic Syndrome'. Usazvidya moyo, tichataura nezvazvo zviri nyore, nenzira yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Nephrotic Syndrome?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, nephrotic syndrome chirwere umo itsvo dzedu dzinoburitsa mapuroteni akawandisa muweti. Vanachiremba vanoti izvi "proteinuria". Kutaura chokwadi, kana mapuroteni anopfuura magiramu matatu (anorema zvishoma kupfuura US penny) akaburitswa muweti pazuva, ndicho chiratidzo chikuru chechirwere ichi. Izvi zvakapetwa ka20 kupfuura huwandu hunoburitswa neitsvo dzine hutano.

Zvino funga nezveitsvo dzedu sesefa . Sefa iyi ine mitsipa midiki yeropa, yatinodaidza kuti `(glomeruli)` . Aya `(glomeruli)` anosefa tsvina (semuenzaniso, tsvina ine nitrogen `(urea)`, tsvina yetsandanyama `(creatinine)`, uye acids), pamwe nemvura isingadiwi kubva muropa. Zvadaro anoburitswa seweti. Kazhinji, muitsvo ine hutano, `(glomeruli)` inosefa zvinhu zvinodiwa nemuviri, zvakaita semapuroteni, uye inoachengeta muropa, kunyanya puroteni `(albumin)` . Asi kana aya `(glomeruli)` akakuvara, haashande nemazvo. Zvadaro, mapuroteni anokosha akadai se`(albumin)` anoungana nyore nyore muweti.

Izvi zvinotyisidzira hupenyu here?

Ehe, chirwere chepfungwa (nephrotic syndrome) chirwere chakakomba . Kana chikarapwa zvakanaka, chinogona kukonzera mamwe matambudziko uye kutokanganisa hupenyu hwako. Saka, zvakakosha kuziva izvi uye kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika kana uine zviratidzo.

Ndiani anowana chirwere chepfungwa (nephrotic syndrome)?

Munhu wese anogona kuva nechirwere ichi. Zvisinei, vanhu vane chirwere cheitsvo chinokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga, avo vane zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzerwa nechirwere ichi, uye avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri yechirwere ichi (nechirwere chepfungwa) vane mukana mukuru wekuva nacho.

Ichi chirwere hachiwanzoitika.

• Inobata mwana mumwe chete pavana 50,000 pagore. Inowanzoonekwa muvana vari pakati pemakore maviri nemashanu. Vakomana vane mukana wakapetwa kaviri wekuibata kupfuura vasikana.
• Muvanhu vakuru , izvi zvinoitika muvanhu vatatu pavanhu zana vega vega pagore.

Nephrotic syndrome inokanganisa sei muviri?

Kana mapuroteni, ayo akakosha zvikuru kumiviri yedu, akabuda muweti, matambudziko akasiyana-siyana anomuka.

• Mamwe mapuroteni anobatsira kumisa ropa kuti risagwambe . Kana risipo, ropa rinogona kugwamba.
• Rumwe rudzi rwakakosha rweprotein nderwe`(Immunoglobulins)` . Izvi zvinobatsira masoja edu emuviri kurwisa zvirwere nehutachiona. Kana izvi zvisipo, tinogona kuwana hutachiona zviri nyore. Semuenzaniso:
• `(Manyumonia)` (Manyumonia)
• Cellulitis (utachiona hweganda hunokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya)
• Peritonitis (utachiona hwemukati medumbu)

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve nephrotic syndrome?

Zvakakosha kunyatsoteerera zviratidzo izvi:

• Kuva nemapuroteni akawanda `(albumin)` muweti (`(albuminuria)`) : Mapuroteni anopfuura 3.5 magiramu e`(albumin)` anoburitswa mumuviri pazuva.
• Kuwedzera kwemafuta necholesterol muropa (hyperlipidemia) .
• Kuzvimba (`(edema)`) : Kazhinji, makumbo, zvitsitsinho, netsoka zvinozvimba. Dzimwe nguva maoko nechiso zvinogonawo kuzvimba. Fungidzira, kana mwana wako akamuka mangwanani uye nzvimbo yakatenderedza maziso ake ichiratidzika kunge yakazvimba, izvo zvinogonawo kuva chiratidzo cheizvi.
• Kudzikira kwehuwandu hweprotein ye albumin muropa (hypoalbuminemia) .
• Chikafu hachina kunaka .
• Kunzwa kuneta nguva dzese .
• Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu (kubvira kumbabvu kusvika pasi pedumbu).
• Weti ine furo , semvura ine sipo.

Chimwe chinhu ndechekuti muviri wedu unorasikirwa nemaminerari akakosha nemavhitamini, kunyanya calcium nevhitamini D , nenzira iyi. Muvana vadiki, izvi zvinogona kukanganisa kukura. Kurasikirwa nebvudzi, nzara dzisina simba, uye zvirwere zvinoderedza simba remapfupa zvakaita se "(Osteoporosis)`` (chirwere chekutetepa kwemapfupa) zvinogonawo kuitika.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinowanzoonekwa ne nephrotic syndrome?

Kana ikasarapwa, matambudziko akadai se:

• `(Kukuvara kweitsvo zvakanyanya)` - Chirwere chekuti itsvo dzinongoerekana dzamira kushanda zvakanaka.
• Anemia - Kushaikwa kwemasero eropa ane hutano anotakura okisijeni kuenda kunhengo dzemuviri.
• Chirwere chetsinga dzeropa - Mafuta ari mutsinga dzinopa ropa kumoyo.
• Hypertension - Kumanikidzwa kweropa kwakakwira kupfuura zvakajairika pakufamba nemutsinga dzeropa.
• Hypothyroidism - Gland re thyroid hariburitse mahomoni e thyroid akakwana muropa.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero zve nephrotic syndrome?

Kazhinji, `(glomeruli)` idzi dzinokuvadzwa nekuda kwezvirwere zveitsvo. Vanachiremba nevaongorori havasati vava nechokwadi chekuti sei zvirwere izvi zvichikanganisa zvakananga `(glomeruli)`. `(glomeruli)` idzi dzakakuvadzwa ndidzo dzinonyanya kukonzera chirwere chepfungwa. Zvimwe zvezvirwere izvi ndeizvi:

• `(Amyloidosis)` : Muizvi, rudzi rwepuroteni inonzi amyloid inoiswa munhengo dzedu dzinokosha. Izvi zvinowanzoitika muitsvo. Ipapo kugona kweitsvo kusefa kunoderera.
• `(Nephropathy inokonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga)`Nephropathy: Izvi zvinoitika kana itsvo dzisiri kushanda zvakanaka. Dambudziko iri rinoitika kana chirwere cheshuga chichikuvadza tsinga imwe kana kupfuura dziri muitsvo. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kusanzwa, kushaya simba kwetsandanyama, uye kurwadziwa.
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) : Izvi zvinokonzera mavanga muzvikamu zvidiki zveglomeruli. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuzvimba, kutadza kushanda kweitsvo, uye mapuroteni muweti.
• Lupus : Lupus chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune system. Chinokonzera kuzvimba, kuzvimba, uye kurwadziwa mumuviri wese. Chinogonawo kukanganisa itsvo.
• Nephropathy yeMembranous : Muizvi, masoja emuviri wedu anorwisa mamembrane ari muitsvo.
• Chirwere chekuchinja kushoma (MCD) : Ichi chirwere che nephropathy umo itsvo dzisingashande zvakanaka. Zvisinei, kuongororwa kweitsvo hakuratidzi kukuvara kwakakosha ku glomeruli kana tishu yeitsvo. Kunyangwe zvichigona kuitika chero pazera ripi zvaro, zvinonyanya kuitika kuvana vadiki.

Chirwere cheNephrotic chinowanikwa sei?

Vanachiremba vanoita bvunzo dzinoverengeka kuti vaongorore chirwere ichi:

Kuongororwa kweweti

Izvi zvinoonekwa nekuongorora weti, iyo inotarisa chitarisiko, maumbirwo emakemikari, uye chitarisiko cheweti yako chisingaonekwe nemaziso akawanda.

• Kuongororwa kweDipstick : Mukuedzwa uku, unoisa weti mumudziyo wakakosha kuhofisi yachiremba kana kuchipatara. Zvadaro chiremba kana nesi vanoisa chidimbu chepepa chakaputirwa nemakemikari (dipstick) mumudziyo. Kana muine albumin muweti yenyu, chidimbu chinochinja ruvara.
• Kuongororwa kwemapuroteni emuweti : Kuongororwa uku kunoitwa kana pachidiwa kuyerwa kwakanyatsojeka.
• Muenzaniso weweti imwe chete : Izvi zvinotumirwa kurabhoritari. Vachatarisa kuti `(albumin)` uye `(creatinine)` zvakadii zviri muweti yako (`(albumin-to-creatinine ratio)`). Kana uine anopfuura 30 mamirigiramu e`(albumin)` pagiramu imwe neimwe ye`(creatinine)`, izvozvo zvinogona kuva dambudziko.
• Kuunganidzwa kweweti kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana : Chiremba achakupa bhodhoro rekutora weti yako kumba. Pazuva rekuongororwa:
• Chekutanga mangwanani, paunomuka, weti muchimbuzi semazuva ese.
• Wobva waita weti mubhodhoro iroro zuva rese kusvika warara husiku.
• Mangwanani anotevera, paunongomuka, weti mubhodhoro rimwe chete kekupedzisira.
• Wobva watora sampuro iyoyo woiendesa kuhofisi yachiremba kana kurabhoritari, uko vanongoyera huwandu hwe `(albumin)` chete.

Kuongororwa kweropa

Muizvi, chiremba anoshandisa tsono nhete kutora ropa shoma kubva mutsinga iri muruoko rwako. Rinotumirwa kurabhoritari kuti riongororwe. Kana paine huwandu hwakaderera hwe`(albumin)` kana mamwe mapuroteni muropa, ingave nephrotic syndrome. Vanoongororawo huwandu hwecholesterol ne`(triglyceride)` muropa. Kana`(albumin)` yakaderera, izvi zvinogona kuwedzera.

Kuongororwa kweitsvo

Mukuita uku, chiremba anotora kanyama kadiki kubva muitsvo yako okaongorora nemaikorosikopu. Nzvimbo yacho inenge isina simba usati waita izvi, saka hauzonzwi kurwadziwa. Unogonawo kupihwa mushonga mudiki wekurara kuti ukwanise kuzorora. Chiremba anobva aisa tsono nepaganda rako muitsvo yako kuti atore sampuli yenyama.

Zvisinei, kana uine chirwere cheshuga uye chiremba wako achifungidzira kuti une chirwere cheshuga, hazvidikanwi kuongororwa itsvo. Nhoroondo yako yezvekurapa, kuongororwa kweweti, uye kuongororwa kweropa zvinogona kubatsira kuona chirwere cheshuga.

Ko chirwere chepfungwa chinogona kurapwa here?

Ichi chirwere hachirapiki zvachose . Asi pane mashoko akanaka! Kana chikaitika kuvana vadiki, chinowanzopera pavanenge vachiri vadiki, vane makore angangoita 18-20.

Kurapwa kunogona kudzora zviratidzo uye kumisa kukuvara kwakanyanya kweitsvo.

Kurapa kunosanganisira kurapa chinokonzera chirwere ichi, kuderedza BP, cholesterol, kuzvimba, uye njodzi yekutapukirwa. Kazhinji, kunosanganisira mishonga nekuchinja zvekudya .

• Mimwe mishonga yeBP inogona kubatsira kudzora chirwere cheitsvo chinokonzera nephrotic syndrome. Semuenzaniso:
• `(Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors)`
• `(Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs))`
• Mishonga iyi inoderedza kumanikidzwa kweropa mukati me glomeruli uye inoderedza huwandu hwe albumin inobuda muweti. Vanhu vazhinji vangangoda mishonga miviri kana mitatu yekudzora kumanikidzwa kweropa.
• Pamwe chete nemushonga weACE inhibitor kana ARB, chiremba wako anogona kukupa mushonga we diuretic . Diuretics inobatsira itsvo dzako kubvisa mvura yakawandisa muropa rako. Inogonawo kubatsira kuderedza BP nekuzvimba. Mimwe mishonga inoderedza BP inosanganisira beta-blockers uye calcium channel blockers .
• Chiremba anogona kunyora mishonga ye "statin" yekuderedza cholesterol.
• Kana uine chirwere chepfungwa chinonzi nephrotic syndrome, zvakanakawo kuti uwane mushonga wefuruwenza (flu) uye mushonga wepneumococcal gore rega rega. Mushonga wepneumococcal unogona kudzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvinokonzerwa nemabhakitiriya anonzi pneumococcus (semuenzaniso hutachiona hwenzeve, pneumonia, meningitis).
• Dzimwe nguva chiremba wako anogona kukupa mishonga inodzikisa ropa (anticoagulants), asi iyi inongopihwa chete kana ropa rako rikaita clotting. Hazvidziviriri nephrotic syndrome kana zviratidzo zvayo.

Unofanira kungwarira nezvekudya nezvinwiwa here?

Kudya nekunwa hazvina zvazvinobatsira pakukura kana kudzivirira chirwere chepfungwa muvanhu vakuru. Asi kana uine chirwere ichi,Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kuderedzwa nekuchinja kudya.

• Kuderedza munyu (sodium) mukudya kwako kunogona kubatsira kuderedza kuzvimba . Sodium yakawanda iri muchikafu chatinodya inobva mumunyu. Kunwa mvura yakawanda kunogonawo kubatsira kuderedza kuzvimba.
• Kuderedza mafuta akazara uye cholesterol mukudya kwako kunogona kubatsira kudzora "hyperlipidemia" (mafuta akawandisa muropa). Zvakanakisisa kuderedza kudya kwakadai sezvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvine mafuta akazara, nyama tsvuku, nyama yakagadzirwa, chizi, chikafu chakakangwa, zvinhu zvakabikwa, uye zvihwitsi.

Ndinozvitarisira sei?

Nzira yakanakisisa yekugadzirisa zviratidzo zvako ndeyekutora mishonga yako sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako . Zvakanakawo kudya chikafu chine potassium yakawanda neprotein, asi chine sodium shoma, mafuta akazara, uye cholesterol shoma.

Ndichakurumidza sei kunzwa zviri nani mushure mekurapwa?

Izvi zvinosiyana zvichienderana nechikonzero chechirwere chepfungwa. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kutanga kunzwa zviri nani mukati memazuva mashoma ekutanga kurapwa. Kune vamwe, zvinogona kutora mavhiki kana mwedzi. Zvakakosha kuva nemwoyo murefu.

Chii chinoitika kumunhu ane chirwere chepfungwa (nephrotic syndrome)?

Kana vakaonekwa uye vakarapwa nemazvo, vanhu vane nephrotic syndrome vanowana mhedzisiro yakanaka . Vanhu vazhinji vanopindura zvakanaka kurapwa uye vanopedzisira vasisina chirwere (`(remission)`). Izvi zvinoreva kuti zviratidzo zvinopera. Kana waimbova nephrotic syndrome uchiri mudiki, sezvambotaurwa, zvinokwanisika kuti ichapera zvachose paunosvika pakukura.

Nephrotic syndrome inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Nephrotic syndrome haigone kudzivirirwa , asi kurapwa kwakakodzera kwezvirwere zvinokonzera chirwere ichi (semuenzaniso chirwere cheshuga, BP) uye kuchinja kwekudya kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza zviratidzo uye kuderedza kukuvara kweitsvo.

Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana uine zviratidzo zvechirwere cheitsvo, kunyanya weti ine furo uye kuzvimba, zvinogara kwemazuva anopfuura mashoma, enda kuna chiremba nekukasika . Kana zvikaonekwa nekukurumidza, zvinova nyore kurapa.

Mibvunzo ipi yaunofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Unogona kubvunza mibvunzo iyi kana waona chiremba:

• "Unoziva sei kuti ndine chirwere chepfungwa chepfungwa?"
• "Ndinofanira kuita mimwe miedzo here kuti ndisimbise kuti une chirwere ichi?"
• "Kana ndisina chirwere chepfungwa, ndechipi chimwe chirwere chandingawana?"
• "Chii chakaita kuti ndive ne nephrotic syndrome?"
• "Unofunga kuti chirwere changu che nephrotic syndrome chichapera here kana chikarapwa?"
• "Ko chirwere chemwana wangu chekufema chichapera here sezvaanokura?"
• "Ndeipi mishonga kana marapirwo amunokurudzira?"
• "Ndinofanira kuchinja kudya kwangu here?"

Musiyano uripo pakati peNephrotic Syndrome neNephritic Syndrome

Zvese izvi zvirwere zvinokanganisa itsvo.

• Chiratidzo chikuru che nephrotic syndrome iprotein yakawanda muweti.
• Chiratidzo chikuru che nephritic syndrome kuzvimba kweitsvo. Kuzvimba uku kunogona kukonzerwa nehutachiona, chirwere chetsinga dzeropa, kana kuora kwemuviri.

Musiyano uripo pakati peNephrotic Syndrome neGlomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis chirwere cheitsvo zvakare. Zviratidzo zvayo zvakafanana ne nephrotic syndrome. Zvisinei, musiyano mukuru uri muhuwandu hweprotein inoburitswa mumuviri .

• Kana uine chirwere chepfungwa (nephrotic syndrome), unoburitsa mapuroteni anopfuura 3.5 gramu pazuva.
• Kana uine Glomerulonephritis, mapuroteni asingasviki 3.5 gramu anoburitswa mumuviri pazuva.

Chii chinonzi congenital nephrotic syndrome?

Ichi chirwere chinowanikwa pakuzvarwa . Chinogona kukonzera kutadza kushanda kweitsvo zvachose, kazhinji pakati pemakore maviri nemasere. Ichi chirwere cheitsvo chinogarwa nhaka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chinopfuudzwa kubva kuvabereki kuenda kuvana.

Chekupedzisira, zvinhu zvekuyeuchidza (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Saka, muchidimbu, nephrotic syndrome chirwere apo itsvo dzinoburitsa mapuroteni akawandisa muweti. Kana uine zviratidzo zvakaita sekurwadziwa mudumbu, weti ine furo, kuzvimba, kurasikirwa nechido chekudya, uye kuneta kunogara kwemazuva mashoma, zvakanaka kutsvaga mazano echiremba. Yeuka, kuonekwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza itsvo dzako dzakagwinya uye kudzivirira matambudziko akakomba . Usatya, ingotevera mirairo yachiremba wako. Ndinokushuvira kuti upore nekukurumidza!

` Nephrotic Syndrome, Chirwere cheItsvo, Mapuroteni, Kuzvimba, Kuongororwa kweWeti, Vana, Nephrotic Syndrome