Ko kana ukabatwa nechepfu? Ngatidzidzei nezve 'Organophosphate Poisoning'!

Tose tinoshandisa mishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene nesora. Zvinoita sekuti hatigone kurarama tisina mishonga iyi pamabasa epamba kana kurima. Asi wakambofunga here kuti mamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi angaitika kana mamwe emakemikoro ari muchikafu ichi akapinda mumiviri yedu? Imwe yemamiriro ezvinhu ane njodzi akadaro inonzi 'Organophosphate Poisoning'. Kunyangwe iyi iri nyaya yakakomba, ngatitaurei nezvayo zviri nyore uye nenzira inonzwisisika.

Chii chinonzi 'organophosphates'? Anowanikwa kupi?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, 'Organophosphates' iboka remakemikari. Tinowanzoawana mu:

• Mumishonga yezvipembenene: Mumishonga inoshandiswa kudzora zvipembenene mukurima nemudzimba.
• Mumishonga inodzinga zvipembenene: Muzvinhu zvinodzinga zvipembenene zvakaita seumhutu nenhunzi.
• Mumishonga yekuuraya sora: Mumakemikari anoshandiswa kuuraya sora.
• Zvimwe zvinhu zvinorwisa tsinga zvemakemikari: Aya makemikari ane njodzi anokuvadza tsinga uye anoshandiswa munguva dzehondo.

Kana 'organophosphates' idzi dzikapinda mumiviri yedu, dzinokuvadza sisitimu yedu yetsinga uye dzinokanganisa mashandiro enhengo dzedu. Kunyangwe chepfu iyi ikaitika kwenguva pfupi kana kwenguva refu, inogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba akadai sekutadza kufema uye kutofa.

Ndedzipi mhando dze organophosphates dzakajairika dzinogona kukonzera chepfu?

Heano mamwe marudzi e organophosphates anowanzo kukonzera chepfu:

• Chlorpyrifos - Ungave wakambonzwawo nezve 'Dursban'.
• Diazinon
• Fenthion
• Malathion
• Parathion

Muhondo dzemakemikari, organophosphate inonzi 'Sarin' ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa.

Chepfu ye organophosphate yakajairika zvakadii?

Kuchetura uku kunotaurwa pasi rese, kunyanya munyika dzekurima. Asi zvino sezvo vanhu vava kuziva njodzi dzemakemikari aya kupfuura kare, huwandu hwechepfu hwadzikira zvishoma. Zvisinei, ichi chichiri dambudziko guru rehutano.

Ko organophosphates ichiri kushandiswa here?

Ehe, mamwe ma organophosphates achiri kushandiswa mukurima semishonga yekuuraya zvipembenene pazvirimwa zvekudya. Saka, unofanira kungwarira zvikuru pakushandisa izvi.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve 'Organophosphate Poisoning'?

Zviratidzo zvemuchetura uyu zvinogona kukanganisa masisitimu akasiyana-siyana mumuviri wako. Rangarira kuti zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kungoerekana zvaitika kana kuti zvinogona kuoneka zvishoma nezvishoma.

• Sisitimu yemwoyo:
• Kurova kwemoyo kwakawedzera kana kuderera.
• Kuwedzera kana kudzikira kweBP.
• Kurova kwemoyo kusina kurongeka.
• Sisitimu yetsinga yepakati:
• Musoro.
• Kusagadzikana.
• Kubatwa nepfari.
• Kurasikirwa nepfungwa.
• Nyika yeComa.
• Maziso:
• Misodzi inoyerera.
• Kutsvuka kwemaziso.
• Vadzidzi vakamanikana.
• Masisitimu emudumbu:
• Marwadzo emudumbu.
• Kusvotwa nekurutsa.
• Manyoka.
• Sisitimu yenhengo dzesikarudzi:
• Kuita weti kakawanda kana kudzikira kweweti.
• Sisitimu yetsandanyama:
• Kushaya simba kwetsandanyama.
• Kurwadziwa kwetsandanyama.
• Kugwinha kwetsandanyama kusingadzoreki (fasciculations).
• Masisitimu ekufema:
• Mhuno inoyerera, kunge dzihwa.
• Kufemera.
• Kushaya mweya.
• Kusimba kwechipfuva.
• Kufema nekukurumidza kana kunonoka kupfuura zvakajairwa (hyperpnea kana bradypnea).
• Kubuda kwetsvina yakawanda mumapapu (bronchorrhea).
• Ganda:
• Kudikitira zvakanyanya.

Zvakakosha: Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva akasangana nechimwe chezviratidzo izvi mushure mekusangana ne organophosphates, zvakakosha kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.

'Organophosphates' idzi dzinopinda sei mumuviri? Ndiani ari panjodzi huru?

Kune nzira nhatu huru dzekupinda kwemakemikari aya mumiviri yedu:

1. Kupinda nemuromo kana mumhino: Nekunwa kana kufema chikafu kana mvura ine izvi.

2. Kunyudzwa nepaganda: Mamwe ma organophosphates anogona kunyudzwa mumuviri kunyangwe akabatana neganda.

Ngationeiwo kuti ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nemuchetura uyu:

• Vanhu vanogara vachishanda nemishonga yezvipembenene nesora: Varimi, vashandi vemumunda, nevashandi vekudzivirira zvipembenene vari panjodzi huru nekuti vanogara vachisangana nemishonga iyi.
• Kune avo vanogara munzvimbo dziri kuitika hondo kana mabasa emagandanga: Kana zvinhu zvakaita se'zvinokonzera tsinga' zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvichishandiswa.
• Kune avo vanodya izvi nechinangwa chekuzvikuvadza: Iyi inyaya inosuwisa zvikuru.

Kana uchinzwa sekunge uri kuzvikuvadza kana kuti uri kufunga kuzviuraya, zvakakosha kutaura nemumwe munhu waunovimba naye, kana kutsvaga mazano ehutano hwepfungwa. Hausi wega, uye usatya kukumbira rubatsiro.

Chii chinoitika kana organophosphates ikapinda mumuviri? Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore...

Zvakanaka, ngationei zvinoitika kana 'organophosphates' idzi dzapinda mumuviri. Iyi inyaya yesainzi, asi ndichakuudzai nemashoko akareruka.

Kuti sisitimu yedu yetsinga ishande zvakanaka, pane chinhu chinonzi 'acetylcholine' (neurotransmitter). Izvi ndizvo zvinodzora zvinhu zvakawanda, zvakaita sekufamba kwetsandanyama. Kana 'acetylcholine' iyi (acetylcholine) yapedza basa rayo, enzyme inonzi 'cholinesterase' inouya yoiputsa. Izvi zvinobvumira sisitimu yetsinga kudzokera kune zvakajairika uye zvinodzivirira tsandanyama netsinga kuti dzisanyanyise kukurudzirwa.

Fungidzira, unobatidza rambi nekubatidza switch. Iyi enzyme ye'cholinesterase' inoshanda sekudzima switch kana wapedza.

Zvino, kana organophosphates ikapinda mumuviri, inomisa kushanda kwecholinesterase enzyme. Chii chinoitika ipapo? Pane kuputsa acetylcholine, inoungana pa synapses apo masero etsinga anobatana. Zvakafanana nekudzimwa kwemwenje. Ipapo sisitimu yetsinga inonyanyiswa zvakanyanya, muviri wese unorasikirwa nekutonga, uye zviratidzo zvine njodzi zvandataura pakutanga zvinoonekwa. Unonzwisisa here?

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika kana zvikasarapwa?

Kana chepfu ye organophosphate ikasarapwa nekukasika, zviratidzo zvinogona kuva zvakanyanya uye zvinototyisidzira hupenyu. Kutadza kufema ndicho chikonzero chikuru cherufu nekuda kwechepfu iyi.

Mukuwedzera, mamwe matambudziko anogona kuitika:

• Kuora kwetsinga dzemusoro
• Kurasikirwa nendangariro
• Zvirwere zvetsandanyama `(Myopathy)`
• Neuropathy yemudumbu
• Kufunga kwepfungwa

Vanachiremba vanoongorora sei chepfu ye "organophosphate" nemazvo?

Chiremba anowanzo ongorora chepfu iyi zvichienderana nezviratidzo zvako, ruzivo nezvemakemikari awakasangana nawo (kana uchishanda nemishonga yezvipembenene, unofanira kuudza chiremba wako), uye dzimwe nguva kuongororwa ropa. Kunyanya, kuongororwa ropa kuti uone huwandu hweacetylcholinesterase yako.

Nekuti zviratidzo zve chepfu ye organophosphate zvinogona kufanana nezvezvimwe zvirwere, chiremba wako anogona kuraira mimwe miedzo kuti aongorore hutano hwako hwese uye kuti aone chikonzero chaicho chezviratidzo zvako. Semuenzaniso:

• Kumwe kuongororwa kweropa
• Kuongororwa kweweti
• Miedzo yekufungidzira yakaita seMRI kana CT scans
• EEG (bvunzo inoyera mashandiro europi)
• Chidzidzo chekufambisa mitsipa (bvunzo inoyera kumhanya kunoita mashoko kuburikidza netsinga)

Nekuti chepfu iyi inotyisidzira hupenyu, dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanogona kutanga kurapwa vasati vagamuchira mishumo yese yebvunzo.

Chepfu ye organophosphate inorapwa sei?

Sezvo ichi chiri chiitiko chekukurumidzira, kurapwa kunofanira kutanga nekukasika. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa:

1.Kubvisa utachiona: Izvi zvakakosha zvikuru.

• Kubvisa mbatya: Mbatya dzese dzakapfekwa nemunhu ane chepfu dzinofanira kubviswa nekukasika, sezvo dzingangove dzakasvibiswa nemakemikari. Vashandi vechipatara vachabvisa mbatya dzacho zvakachengeteka.
• Kugeza ganda: Geza ganda rako zvakanaka, kanenge katatu, nesipo nemvura. Izvi zvinobvisa makemikari ari pamusoro peganda. Uchabva wapihwa gown rakachena rekuchipatara rekupfeka.

2. Kurapa nemishonga:

• Atropine: Mushonga uyu unoshanda nekuderedza kukurudzirwa kwakanyanya kwetsinga dzemuviri.
• Pralidoxime: Uyu mushonga we organophosphates. Unomutsa zvakare enzyme ye cholinesterase inopwanya acetylcholine.
• Mishonga iyi yese inopihwa kuburikidza ne'IV', kureva kuti, kuburikidza nemushonga wesaline unoiswa mutsinga.

3. Kurapa kwematambudziko ekufema:

• Kana zviratidzo zvacho zvakanyanya uye kufema kwakaoma, kupinza payipi, zvinoreva kuisa chubhu yekufema, kungangodiwa kuti nzira yekufema irambe yakavhurika.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti munhu apore mushure mekurapwa?

Izvi zvinoenderana nehukuru uye kuoma kwemuchetura wacho. Vamwe vanhu vanogona kunzwa zviri nani mumazuva mashoma, nepo vamwe vangatora mavhiki. Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza nguva yakanakira chirwere chako.

Zvinokwanisika here kupora zvizere kubva muchetura uyu?

Ehe, zvinokwanisika kupora zvizere kubva muchetura we organophosphate. Zvisinei, pane njodzi yekuti zviratidzo zvinogona kudzoka kana kuti kukuvara zvachose kwetsinga kunogona kuitika.

Maonero ako ekupora anoenderana nezvinhu zvakati wandei:

• Huwandu hwekusangana ne organophosphates.
• Rudzi rwe organophosphate rwakaburitswa pachena.
• Nzira iyo organophosphates inopinda nayo mumuviri (nekufema, nepaganda, kana kumedza).
• Hutano hwako panguva yekubatwa nechirwere ichi.

Semuenzaniso, kana ukafema mamwe ma organophosphates, unogona kuona zviratidzo nekukurumidza uye zvakanyanya kupfuura kana zvikagunzva ganda rako.

Zvinoenderana nedata kubva kuWorld Health Organization, huwandu hwerufu hunokonzerwa nehupfu hwe organophosphate hunogona kusiyana pakati pe2% ne25%. Saka , kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kukuvara kunogona kuitika kuhupenyu.

Ko Organophosphate Poisoning inogona kudzivirirwa here?

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyanya mumamiriro ehondo kana kana usingazivi nezvekushandiswa kwe organophosphates, izvi zvinogona kuoma kudzivirira.

Zvisinei, kana ukashanda nemhando idzi dzemakemikari ane njodzi, unogona kuita zvinotevera kuderedza njodzi yako:

• Pfekai midziyo yekudzivirira muviri (PPE): zvinhu zvakaita semagurovhosi nemamasiki.
• Bvisa mbatya dzese dzakasangana nemakemikari ari panze wobva wachinja usati wapinda mumba.
• Geza muviri wako zvakanaka mushure mekushandisa zvigadzirwa izvi.
• Geza maoko ako zvakanaka usati wadya kana kunwa.

Unofanira kuona chiremba riini? Chii chaunofanira kuita kana paine emergency?

Kana uchifunga kuti wakambosangana ne organophosphates, enda kuchipatara chiri pedyo kana kufonera emergency medical services nekukasika. Usatambisa nguva. Usamirire kusvika watanga kuona zviratidzo.

Yeuka, iyi inyaya inogona kuisa hupenyu panjodzi, saka kutora matanho nekukurumidza kwakakosha.

Mibvunzo inokosha yekubvunza chiremba wako

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ari kusangana neizvi, unogona kubvunza chiremba wako mibvunzo iyi:

• Rudzii rwekurapa runokurudzirwa kwandiri?
• Pane migumisiro yakaipa here yekurapwa kwacho?
• Nzira yekubvisa tsvina mumuviri mushure mekusangana nechirwere ichi? (Kunyanya kumba)
• Ndingaziva sei kana paine organophosphates kubasa kwangu?
• Kana ndikashanda ne organophosphates kubasa, ndeapi matanho ekuchengetedza andingatora kuti ndizvidzivirire kubva muchetura?

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira

'Organophosphate Poisoning' inyaya yakakomba zvikuru. Vanhu vazhinji munyika medu, kunyanya avo vanoita mabasa ekurima, vanogona kunge vari panjodzi. Makemikoro aya anokuvadza vanhu nemhuka. Saka, munhu anofanira kungwarira zvikuru pakushandisa aya.

Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva ari kuratidza zviratidzo zve chepfu ye organophosphate, usavhunduka. Tsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika. Kurapwa nekukurumidza kunogona kudzivirira kurasikirwa nehupenyu. Ramba wakachengeteka, gara uine ruzivo!

Organophosphates , chepfu, zvipembenene, mishonga yezvipembenene, zviratidzo, rubatsiro rwekutanga, kuchengetedzeka