Dzidza nezvevashandi vaviri vepachivande vanosimbisa mapfupa edu: Osteoblasts neOsteoclasts

Wakambozvibvunza here kuti mapfupa edu akasimba sei zvakadaro? Kana kuti, kana ruoko kana gumbo rakatyoka, rinoporesa uye rinokurazve? Patinofunga nezvemapfupa, tinoafunga sezvinhu zvisina upenyu, zvakaita sedombo. Asi kutaura chokwadi, mapfupa edu ari kurarama, achichinja nyama nguva dzose, semimwe miviri yedu. Kune vashandi vaviri vakakosha vari shure kwebasa iri rinoshamisa. Tichataura nezvavo nhasi.

Ndivanaani ava maosteoblast nemaosteoclast?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, maosteoblast nemaosteoclast marudzi maviri emasero anowanikwa mukati memapfupa edu. Pamwe chete, anokura mapfupa edu, anoachengetedza akasimba, uye anogadzirisa nzvimbo dzakatyoka nedzakatyoka.

Masero maviri aya anoramba achishanda kwete kubva patinenge tiri vadiki kusvika takura, asi kunyange mushure mekunge tava vakuru. Sechikwata chekuchengetedza.

• Osteoblasts: Funga nezvavo se "vavezi" vemapfupa. Vanovaka mapfupa matsva uye vanosimbisa mapfupa aripo. Muchirungu, vanonzi "blasts for builders." Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanovaka.
• MaOsteoclast: Aya ndiwo "ma "cleaners". Anopwanya nekunyungudutsa zvidimbu zvemapfupa zvekare, zvakakuvara, zvichiita kuti mapfupa matsva, akasimba aumbe. Muchirungu, anonzi "clasts for cleaners". Izvi zvinoreva macleaners.

Vaviri ava vanoshanda pamwe chete sechikwata. Mumwe anobvisa chekare, uye mumwe anovaka chitsva panzvimbo pacho. Tinodana maitiro aya kuti kugadzirisa mapfupa.

Chii chaizvo chinoitika kumasero e osteoblast?

Sezvatakambotaura, maosteoblast ndiwo anovaka mapfupa. Ane mabasa matatu makuru:

1. Kukura kwemapfupa matsva: Sezvatinokura kubva paudiki kusvika pakukura, mapfupa edu anoreba uye anokura nekuda kwemasero aya.

2. Kugadzirisa Mafupa: Sezvatinokura, zvinobatsira kushandura chimiro nesimba remapfupa edu kuti zvienderane nemararamiro edu.

3. Kuporesa mapfupa akatyoka uye akakuvara: Kana pfupa ratyoka, masero aya e-osteoblast ndiwo anogadzira mapfupa matsva kuti ariporese.

Fungidzira gomba riri mumugwagwa. Vavaki vemigwagwa pavanouya vozadza gomba neasphalt itsva, kana pfupa rakuvara, masero e osteoblast anouya origadzirisa.

Basa iri rinoitwa sei?

Kana pfupa richida kukura kana kuti rikakuvara, masero aya e-osteoblast anogamuchira chiratidzo kubva kumahormone nemakemikari mumuviri wedu. Anobva agadzira musanganiswa chaiwo wemapuroteni. Unonzi bone matrix . Uyu unonyanya kuva collagen.Ine mapuroteni, zvicherwa zvakaita secalcium nephosphate.

Iyi pfupa yakagadzirwa inozoiswa mupfupa sesimbi yesimbi. Nekufamba kwenguva, musanganiswa uyu unowedzera kuomarara uye unova wakasimba, zvichiita kuti pave nemapfupa matsva.

Ndivanaani ava maosteocytes?

MaOsteocytes ndiwo "varindi" kana kuti "vatariri" vari mukati memapfupa. Masero aya ndiwo anonyanya kuwanda mumapfupa. Anogara achitarisa kumanikidzwa nehuremu huri kunzwa pfupa. Kana paine kutsemuka kudiki kana kukuvara kwepfupa, masero aya eosteocyte ndiwo anotanga kuzviona. Kana angozviona, anotumira zviratidzo kumaosteoblast (ayo anovaka) uye kumaosteoclast (ayo anoputsika) atakataura nezvawo kare, achiti, "Pane dambudziko pano, huyai muone." Ipapo mapoka maviri iwayo anouya otanga basa rekugadzirisa.

Saka chii chinoitika kumasero e-osteoclast?

MaOsteoclast ndiwo "chikwata chekubvisa marara" mumapfupa. Anonyungudutsa uye anobvisa mapfupa ekare, asina simba, uye akakuvara. Anoita izvi kuti ape nzira masero eosteoblast yekuvaka mapfupa matsva, akasimba.

Anoburitsa rudzi rwakakosha rweenzyme. Ma enzyme aya anonyungudutsa mapfupa ekare. Asi izvi hazvina kuipa sezvaungafunga. Hazvina kufanana nesimbi inonyungudutsa acid sezvinoitwa mumakatuni. Iyi inzira inodzorwa uye yakanyatsorongeka . Nzvimbo dzakanyorwa ne osteocytes sekuti "chidimbu ichi chete ndicho chinofanira kubviswa" ndidzo chete dzinonyungudutswa uye dzinobviswa ne osteoclast cells.

Kana zvidimbu izvozvo zvekare zvabviswa, makomba madiki anoumbwa pamusoro pepfupa. Zvadaro, maosteoblast anotanga kushanda. Anouya ozadza makomba iwayo nemapfupa matsva, zvichiita kuti pave nepfupa idzva rakasimba.

Pane zvirwere zvinokanganisa mashandiro emasero aya here?

Ehe. Mapfupa edu ane hutano chero bedzi masero maviri aya achishanda zvakaenzana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti panofanira kuva nekuenzana kwakanaka pakati pekuumbwa kwemasero uye kuenzana kwekubviswa kwawo. Asi kana kuenzana uku kukarasikirwa, zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona kuitika.

Fungidzira kuti chii chingaitika kana mwero wekubvisa pfupa rekare (osteoclasts inoshanda) ukapfuura mwero wekugadzirwa kwepfupa idzva (osteoblasts inoshanda)? Ipapo mapfupa anova matete, asina simba, uye anotyoka zviri nyore.

Zvimwe zvezvirwere zvikuru zvinokonzerwa nematambudziko akadaro ndeizvi:

• Osteoporosis: Ichi ndicho chirwere chinowanzoitika. Mapfupa anova neburi, asina simba, uye anogona kutyoka kana akadonha zvishoma.
• Osteopenia: Iyi ndiyo nhanho yekutanga inotangira osteoporosis. Kudzikira kwehuwandu hwemapfupa pasi pehuwandu hwakajairika.
• Hyperparathyroidism: Kubudiswa kwakanyanya kwehormone yeparathyroid kunoita kuti calcium irasikirwe nemapfupa, zvichiita kuti asashande zvakanaka.
• Chirwere chePaget chepfupa: Ichi chirwere apo maitiro ekugadzirisa mapfupa anokanganiswa, zvichiita kuti mapfupa apedzisire asina simba uye arema.

Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinoitwa kuti tione hutano hwemapfupa edu?

Chiremba wako haazowanzoedza masero aya akasiyana. Asi, achaita bvunzo dzinogona kutarisa hutano hwemafupa ese. Kuongororwa uku kuchaitwa kana paine fungidziro yechirwere chakadai se osteoporosis.

• Kuongororwa kwehuwandu hwemapfupa: Izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa DXA scan.Inonziwo pfupa scan. Inoshandisa X-rays shoma kuyera simba remapfupa ako. Izvi zvakakosha kuti uone kana mapfupa ako ari kuderera sezvaunokura.
• Kuongororwa kweVitamin D: Kunoongorora kana muviri uri kuwana Vitamin D yakakwana.
• Kuongororwa kwecalcium: Kunoongorora huwandu hwecalcium muropa uye weti yemaawa makumi maviri nemana.
• Kuongororwa kwehomoni yeparathyroid intact (IPTH).
• Kuongororwa kweCreatinine: Kuongororwa uku kunoitwa kuti kuonekwe mashandiro eitsvo, sezvo hutano hweitsvo hwakakosha zvikuru pakuva nevhitamini D uye calcium yakakwana.

Chii chatingaita kuti mapfupa edu arambe akasimba?

Kuchengetedza mapfupa edu kwakasimba kuri mumaoko edu. Heano zvimwe zvinhu zviri nyore zvatinogona kuita:

• Idya chikafu chinovaka muviri, kunyanya chikafu chine calcium yakawanda nevhitamini D (mukaka, yogati, chizi, hove diki, miriwo mitema).
• Ita maekisesaizi anorema. Zvinhu zvakaita sekufamba, kumhanya, uye kukwira masitepisi zvakanaka pakusimbisa mapfupa.
• Usasvuta zvachose. Kusvuta ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti mapfupa asashande zvakanaka.
• Inwa mishonga yekuwedzera calcium nevhitamini D kana zvichidikanwa, sezvakarairwa nachiremba wako. Zvisinei, izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa chete mushure mekubvunza chiremba wako .
• Kuongororwa nachiremba nguva dzose. Zvakakosha zvikuru kuti vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu, vakadzi vasvika panguva yekupedza kuenda kumwedzi, uye avo vane mamwe matambudziko asingaperi vaende kunoona chiremba wavo nguva nenguva kuti vaongorore hutano hwemapfupa avo.

Iye zvino unogona kuona kukosha kwemasero maviri aya pakuchengetedza mapfupa edu aine hutano. Anogara achiita basa rawo chinyararire, achivandudza nekusimbisa mapfupa edu. Saka ibasa redu kuvabatsira kuita basa ravo nemazvo.