Mwana wako mudiki anonzwa sekuti haakudi here? Inogona kunge iri Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)!

Amai naBaba, makamboona kana kunzwa nezvevana vadiki vasingaratidzi rudo kana rudo kuvatarisiri vavo, kunyangwe vabereki vavo? Zvinoita sekunge vari vega munyika yavo. Iyi inyaya inosuwisa zvikuru, uye pane tsananguro yezvekurapa. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezveimwe yemamiriro akadaro, inonzi `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD).'

Chii chinonzi `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)`?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)` chirwere chinoita kuti mwana mudiki asakwanise kuumba hukama hwakanaka hwepfungwa nevanovachengeta, vakaita saamai nababa vavo. Chikonzero chikuru cheizvi ndechekuti mwana haana kuwana rudo rwakakodzera rwepfungwa uye kuchengetedzeka mumakore ake ekutanga, kana kuti akaregeredzwa kana kushungurudzwa. Vana vane `RAD' vanoomerwa nekudzora manzwiro avo. Vanoomerwawo nekuumba hukama hwepedyo nevamwe. Zvinoshamisa kuti dzimwe nguva kunyangwe vachengeti vavo vane rudo uye mutsa, vana ava vanogona kusatomboswedera pedyo navo, uye vanogona kuita sevane kutya.

Ndiani ane mukana mukuru wekuwana `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)`?

Chirwere ichi chinowanzoitika kuvana vadiki vanoregeredzwa mumuviri kana mupfungwa kana kushungurudzwa. Zvisinei, chinogonawo kukanganisa vana vakuru. Vana vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa neRAD ndevanotevera:

• Vachengeti vakawanda: Fungidzira mwana achitamiswa kubva kune imwe imba yekurera vana kuenda kune imwe, kana kubva kune imwe mhuri yekurera vana kuenda kune imwe, asi asingakwanise kuumba hukama hwechigarire nemunhu.
• Kuparadzana mushure mekusangana: Kana mwana awana hukama hwakanaka hwepfungwa nemutarisiri wake mukuru, anofanira kuparadzaniswa naye.
• Kurasikirwa nepfungwa panguva yehudiki: Kana mwana akasangana nematambudziko akawanda kana matambudziko pazera diki aasingakwanise kutsungirira.
• Vabereki vasingaedzi kuva pedyo nepfungwa: Vamwe vabereki kana vanochengeta vana havaedzi kuva pedyo nepfungwa dzemwana wavo.
• Kugadzwa kwevana nemasangano: Kana uchifanira kupedza nguva uri munzvimbo yakaita senherera, usina rudo rwevabereki.

Dzimwe nguva, vabereki vanorera mwana, vasingazive zvakawanda nezvenguva yakapfuura yemwana, vanogona kuwana zvakaoma kushamwaridzana nemwana mutsva mumhuri. Kunyanya kana mwana wacho asina kugadzikana mupfungwa. Kana uri mubereki mutsva, mwana wako ari kuratidza zviratidzo zve "RAD", kana kuti uri kunetseka nemwana wako, iva nechokwadi chekutaura nachiremba wemwana wako womuongorora.

Dambudziko re'Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)' rakajairika zvakadii?

Kutaura zvazviri, zvakaoma kutaura kuti izvi zvakajairika sei, sezvo nyaya zhinji dzisingataurwi. Zvisinei, zvinofungidzirwa kuti pakati pe1% ne2% yevana vanogona kunge vaine chirwere cheRAD. Vana vanobviswa mudzimba dzavo vachiiswa kune dzimwe nzvimbo, dzakadai senzvimbo dzenherera, vane mukana mukuru wekuva nechirwere cheRAD. Inenge hafu yevana ava inonetseka nekuvaka hukama nevamwe nekufamba kwenguva.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zve `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)`?

Zviratidzo zveRAD zvinogona kusiyana kubva pamwana kuenda kumwana, asi zvimwe zvezviratidzo zvinowanzoitika muvacheche nevana vadiki zvinosanganisira:

• Kusaratidza manzwiro akanaka: Kana vaine vamwe, havaratidzi manzwiro akanaka akadai sekunyaradzwa, rudo, uye mufaro.
• Kudzivisa kusangana mumaziso kana kusangana nemunhu: Kusada kutarisa mumwe munhu mumaziso kana kumubata.
• Kuratidza kutya nehasha: Kugara uchitsamwa, uchichema, uye uchisuruvara.
• Kuedza kudzora: Vanoedza kudzora zvinhu zvakavapoteredza. Izvi zvinoita kuti vatyore mitemo.

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pe'Inhibited Reactive Attachment Disorder' ne'Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED)'?

Chimwe chirwere chine chekuita ne `Inhibited Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)` i `Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED).` Asi pane musiyano pakati pezviviri izvi. Ngationei kuti chii.

`RAD` (Yakadziviswa)

Vana vane `RAD` vanoziva zviri kuitika kwavari, asi havazvipinduri nemanzwiro. Havaratidze kana kutsvaga rudo kubva kuvanochengeta kana vamwe. Vanosarudza kuva vega. Hunhu hwavo hunosanganisira:

• Kudzivisa vanochengeta varwere.
• Kusapinda mumamiriro ezvinhu evanhu.
• Anoramba zvinhu zvinonyaradza (semuenzaniso, kumbundirana).

`DSED` (Haidzivirirwe - yakavhurika kunze, asi haina muganho)

Vana vane `Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED)` vanogona kunge vaine hushamwari nevanhu vavasingazive. Vanogona kutotevera vasingabvunze vabereki vavo. Kazhinji, vana ava vanoita sevadiki pane zera ravo uye vanogona kutsvaga rudo kubva kune vamwe vasina kuchengetedzeka. Zviratidzo zvacho ndeizvi:

• Hapana kubatana kwakasarudzika (sekungofanana nemunhu wese).
• Kutsvaga kutariswa nemunhu wese.
• Kuita zvinhu zvisina kukodzera zera rako.
• Haanzwisisi miganhu yevanhu.

Semuenzaniso, mwana ane `RAD` anogona kuzviparadzanisa nevamwe pamutambo ogara pakona ari ega. Asi mwana ane `DSED` anoenda kwaari otaura nemunhu wese waasingazive, pamwe kutokwira pamakumbo avo. Vese vane matambudziko ekubatana, asi maitiro avanoita zvakasiyana.

Ndezvipi zvinokonzera `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)`?

Hapana chikonzero chimwe chete chaicho chinoita kuti vana vane RAD vabatwe nechirwere ichi.Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti pane zvikonzero zvakawanda nei mwana asingakwanise kushamwaridzana nevanovachengeta:

• Kushungurudzwa kana kuregeredzwa: Mwana anonzwa akasiyiwa uye ari ega. Semuenzaniso, kana vabereki vachigara vachirwa vasingatarisiri mwana, mwana haawani rudo nerudo rwaanoda.
• Kusava nekudya kwakakwana: Kana mwana asingawani chikafu chakakwana nechinwiwa, chinova chinhu chakakosha.
• Zvinetso zvekuchengetedza: Kana mwana achitya kuti ari munjodzi.
• Kusachena: Mwana anogara mumachira akanyorova kwemaawa akawanda, kana pasina anomuchinja.
• Kuchinja kunowanzoitika muvachengeti: Mwana anogona kusaziva wekuvimba naye.
• Kutarisirwa kusingaenderane: Kana zvinodiwa nemwana zvikangozadzikiswa nguva nenguva, kunyanya kana mwana asingazive nguva yekutarisira rudo nenyaradzo kubva kuvanochengeta.

Vana vadiki vanoumba hukama hwakanaka kana zvinodiwa zvavo zvekutanga zvikazadzikiswa nguva dzose uye nguva dzose . Izvi zvinovaka kuvimbana pakati pemwana nevanovachengeta. Kana zvinodiwa nemwana mumuviri nemupfungwa zvikasazadziswa nemazvo, vari panjodzi yekuve ne "RAD".

Dambudziko re'Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)' rinoonekwa sei?

Kuti vaongorore chirwere cheRAD, chiremba wemwana wenyu achakubvunzai nezvenhoroondo yezvekurapa kwemwana wenyu uye zviratidzo zviri kuratidzwa nemwana wenyu. Kuti vanzwisise zviri nani zviratidzo zvemwana wenyu, chiremba anogona kubvunza mibvunzo yakaita seiyi:

• Mwana wenyu akamboshungurudzwa kana kuregeredzwa here?
• Wakatanga rini kuona zviratidzo izvi?
• Ndezvipi zvinhu zvawakaona pakutanga?
• Ukama huri pakati pako nemwana wako hwakaita sei?
• Magariro enyu akadini?
• Pane vamwe vachengeti vemwana here?

Kana chiremba wako achifungidzira kuti une RAD, vangangokutumira iwe nemwana wako kuna chiremba wevana, chiremba wepfungwa, uye chiremba wepfungwa kuti vakubatsire kuongorora chirwere chemwana wako uye vakupe mazano ekurapa anogona kubatsira.

Zvinokwanisika here kusanganisa `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)` ne`Autism Spectrum Disorder`?

Vasati vagumisa kuti mwana ane `RAD`, chiremba achaita bvunzo kuti aone zvimwe zvinokonzera, kunyanya zvirwere zvakaita se`Autism Spectrum Disorder`. `Autism Spectrum Disorder` chirwere chinokura chinokanganisa maitiro emunhu nekutaurirana. Pamusoro pezvose, chinogona kuva nezviratidzo zvakafanana ne`RAD`. Musiyano wakakosha ndewekuti kushungurudzwa kana kuregeredzwa hakusi chikonzero che`Autism Spectrum Disorder`, asi zvinogona kukanganisa kuongororwa kwe`RAD`.

Dambudziko re'Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)' rinorapwa sei?

Chinangwa chikuru mukurapa chirwere cheRAD ndechekugadzira hukama hwakanaka hwepfungwa pakati pevana nevanovachengeta.uye/kana kudzoreredza hukama hunotyisa uye hwakaoma. Kurapa uku kunosimbisa mwana mupfungwa, izvo zvinozobatsira mwana kukudziridza hukama hwakanaka nevamwe. Vana nevanotarisira vanobatsirwa nehurongwa uhwu hwekurapa. Kurapa kunogona kusanganisira:

• Kurapa Nepfungwa/Kupa Mazano: Mupi wezano wehutano hwepfungwa anoshanda nemwana nevabereki kuti avabatsire kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwakanaka hwemanzwiro uye kuderedza maitiro ane matambudziko anokanganisa hukama.
• Kurapa Kwemhuri: Izvi zvinosanganisira vachengeti vevana nemwana kushanda pamwe chete kuti vabatsire kugadzira nzira dzakanaka dzekutaurirana.
• Kupindira muUnyanzvi Hwemagariro: Kurapa uku kunodzidzisa mwana maitiro akanaka ekuzvibata nevamwe vana vezera rimwe chete mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika ekushamwaridzana. Vabereki vanobatanidzwawo mune izvi, vachibatsira mwana kushandisa hunyanzvi uhwu hwaakadzidza kunze kwekurapa.
• Dzidzo Yakakosha: Kana mwana achida, mapurogiramu echikoro anogona kubatsira vana kudzidza hunyanzvi hwavanoda kuti vabudirire muzvidzidzo uye mumagariro evanhu.
• Zvidzidzo zveUnyanzvi hweKurera Vana: Muzvidzidzo izvi, vabereki vanogona kudzidza nzira dzinoshanda dzekutarisira maitiro akaoma emwana wavo.

Pane mamwe matambudziko anogona kusanganisirwa ne `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)` here?

Ehe, vana vane `RAD` vari panjodzi yakakura yekusangana nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana panguva yehudiki hwavo nekukura kwavo nekuda kwekuregeredzwa nekushungurudzwa mumuviri, mupfungwa, uye munharaunda. Matambudziko aya anogona kusanganisira:

• Kunonoka kukura kwemwana uye kudzikira kwekukura kwemuviri.
• Matambudziko emanzwiro, semuenzaniso, kuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo, chirwere chekushushikana mushure mekutambudzika (PTSD), uye matambudziko ekugadzirisa hasha.
• Matambudziko ekudya.
• Matambudziko ekushandisa zvinodhaka.
• Matambudziko kuchikoro (matambudziko ekudzidza uye/kana maitiro).
• Matambudziko muhukama (nevezera rako, vakuru, wozopedzisira wava nevadikani).
• Maitiro ane njodzi, semuenzaniso kuita zvepabonde uchiri mudiki kana kuti nguva nenguva.

Mwana wangu achava nehukama hwakanaka kwenguva yakareba sei mushure mekurapwa?

Pasina kurapwa, vana vane RAD vanogona kuva nezviratidzo kusvika vakura. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro avo munharaunda. Kurapa inzira inogara kwenguva refu inopa rutsigiro rwemanzwiro kumwana. Kunogona kutodiwa muhupenyu hwese. Hapana nguva yakatarwa yekuti mwana wako achava nehukama hwakanaka riini. Zvisinei, kurapwa nerutsigiro rwevanotarisira kunounza mhedzisiro yakanaka.

Nzira yekudzivirira `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)`?

Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira chirwere cheRAD ndeyekubatsira vana kukudziridza hukama hwakanaka nevabereki vavo uye/kana vamwe vatarisiri vakuru. Hukama hwakanaka hunoumbwa kana vatarisiri vakaita zvinotevera:

• Kusimudzira hukama hwemhuri kuburikidza nehukama hwakagadzikana uye hwakachengeteka.
• Kuita kuti vana vanzwe vachidiwa uye vachigamuchirwa.
• Kutsigira vana vari padanho rakasiyana rekukura kwavo.
• Gara uchigutsa zvinodiwa nemwana.

Ndingabatsira sei mwana wangu kuvaka hukama hwakanaka?

Semuchengeti, unogona kubatsira mwana wako kuti ave nehukama hwakanaka ne:

• Kuisa miganhu: Nzvimbo inogara iripo yakanaka kune vana vese. Saka, kuisa miganhu kwakakosha zvikuru. Nemiganhu yakakodzera uye chirango chakakodzera, chisiri chemuviri, vana vanonzwisisa zvinotarisirwa kwavari uye zvichaitika kana vakatyora mitemo. Izvi zvinoderedza kutya kwevana uye zvinovakurudzira kuti vaite zvinhu nemazvo.
• Ramba wakadzikama kana mwana wako akaita zvisizvo: Kana mwana wako akaita zvisizvo, ramba wakadzikama; usaita chimwe chinhu kana ukatsamwa. Ranga mwana wako zvichienderana nemitemo yawakaisa kare uye yaanoziva. Kana mwana wako adzikama uye agadzirira hukama hwakanaka, ratidza rudo nemutsa. Izvi zvinoratidza mwana wako kuti uripo kuti umubatsire, kunyangwe munguva dzakaoma.
• Ratidza rudo nehanya nguva dzose: Pedza nguva uri wega nemwana wako. Taura naye, muimbire, tamba naye. Mubate, mumbundire, kana kuita zvimwe zvinhu zvinomuratidza rudo nerudo kubva kumuchengeti. Zvisinei, yeuka kuti vamwe vana vangasada rudzi urwu rwerudo kupfuura vamwe. Kusamupa rudo nerudo hakusi kurangwa kunogamuchirwa.

Chii chandinofanira kutarisira kana ndine mwana ane `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)`?

Vana vazhinji vanorapwa chirwere cheRAD vanova nehukama hwakanaka uye hwakasimba nevanovachengeta pamwe nevamwe vanhu muhupenyu hwavo. Vana vasingarapirwe vari panjodzi yezvinetso zvepfungwa zvinoramba zvichiitika. Nerombo rakanaka, hazvisati zvanyanya kunonoka kutsvaga kurapwa kwezvirwere zvekukura uye zvepfungwa, kusanganisira RAD. Zvakakosha kurangarira zvinhu izvi:

• Vana vazhinji vakatorwa kubva kumisha yenherera vanorarama hupenyu hwakanaka uye hwakanaka. Havasi vana vese vakatorwa vanokura 'RAD'.
• Vana vakambosangana nematambudziko makuru munguva yakapfuura vanogona kunge vaine zvimwe zvinhu zvinokonzera matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa nemaitiro. Semuenzaniso, kusangana nezvinodhaka kana doro panguva yekuzvitakura, kana nhoroondo yemhuri yezvirwere zvepfungwa, zvinogona kukonzera chirwere cheRAD.

`Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)` yavepo kwenguva yakareba sei?

Dambudziko reReactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) chirwere chinogara kwenguva refu. Zvisinei, kurapwa nerutsigiro zvinogona kubatsira mwana kukudziridza hukama hwakanaka muhupenyu hwake hwese, uye zvinogona kuvandudza hutano hwake hwepamoyo nehwemagariro.

Ndinofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Kana ukaona kuti mwana wako ari kunetseka nekuva nehukama hwakanaka, kana kuti ukaona zviratidzo zve'Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)' mumwana wako, enda kuna chiremba wemwana wako nekukasika kuti aongororwe kana kuti atumirwe kuna chiremba. Kuongororwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa kunogona kubatsira vana vane chirwere ichi kuti vawane mhedzisiro iri nani.

Mibvunzo ipi yandinofanira kubvunza chiremba wangu?

• Ndinofanira kuendesa mwana wangu kunyanzvi dzekurapa here?
• Chii chiri kukonzera mwana wangu kuratidza zviratidzo zve `Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD)`?
• Munganditumire kune nyanzvi kana boka rekutsigirana rinoshanda nevana nemhuri dzine chirwere ichi here?
• Zviratidzo zvemwana wangu zvichachinja here sezvaanokura? Pane zvinhu zvandinofanira kunyanya kuziva here?

Zvakakosha kushamwaridzana nemwana wako uye kumubata nenzira inoita kuti anzwe achidiwa. Kana mwana wako asiri kusimbisa hukama hwepfungwa hwakanaka newe kana nemutarisiri wake mukuru, shanyira muchengeti wako mukuru. Kutsvaga mazano kana kurapwa hazvirevi kuti uri mubereki akaipa. Asi, zvinovhura mukana wekuvaka hukama hwakasimba, hune hutano, uye hweupenyu hwese nemwana wako.

Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Dambudziko reReactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) harisi chinhu chekusada kutarisirwa pasi. Kana vana vakaonekwa nekukurumidza, vakarapwa zvakanaka, uye vakagara munzvimbo ine rudo uye yakagadzikana, vanogona kurarama hupenyu hunofadza uye hune hutano. Yeuka:

• Mwana wese akasiyana: Haasi mwana wese anopindura kurapwa nenzira imwechete. Iva nemoyo murefu uye unzwisise.
• Hausi wega: Kune vamwe vabereki vari kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana. Tsvaga rubatsiro kubva kuna vanachiremba, vapi vemazano, uye mapoka ekutsigira.
• Rudo nekugadzikana: Chinhu chakanakisa chaunogona kupa mwana rudo rusina magumo uye nzvimbo yakagadzikana uye yakachengeteka.
• Rubatsiro rwenyanzvi: Kana usina chokwadi, usanyara kana kutya kutsvaga mazano echiremba. Ndiro rubatsiro rukuru rwaungapa mwana wako.

Tose tine basa rekupa vana vedu hudiki hwakachengeteka uye hune rudo. Ngatishandei pamwe chete kuti tibudirire!

Dambudziko reKubatanidzwa Rinopindura, RAD, hutano hwepfungwa hwemwana, kubatana mupfungwa, hukama hwemubereki nemwana, kushungurudzwa kwemwana, kuregeredzwa, kukura kwemwana