Wakambonyorerwa mushonga nachiremba here kuti unzwe kuzorora, kukubatsira kurara, kana kuti unzwe kuzorora usati wavhiyiwa kadiki? Aya ndiwo marudzi emishonga yatinodaidza kuti 'sedatives'. Kunyangwe iyi iri mishonga inobatsira zvikuru, zvakakosha kuti isu tese tizive mhedzisiro yayo, njodzi, uye kushandiswa kwayo nemazvo.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi mushonga wekunyaradza?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, mishonga inonyaradza tsinga imhando yemishonga inoderedza kushanda kwetsinga dzedu dzemukati , kureva uropi nemusana. Iyi mishonga inofanira kungowanikwa chete netsamba yachiremba. Simba rayo uye nguva yekushanda kwayo mumuviri zvinosiyana.
Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinowanzoitika kana ukatora mushonga werudzi urwu:
- Ndinonzwa zororo guru mupfungwa dzangu nemuviri.
- Kunetseka kunoderera .
- Kusimba kwemanzwiro akadai sekurwadziwa nekubata kunoderera.
- Kunzwa hope .
- Kufema kunova kushoma zvishoma uye kunonetsa .
- Kurova kwemoyo kunoderera zvishoma.
- Panogona kunge paine zvimwe zvinhu zvinokanganisa ndangariro kwenguva pfupi.
Dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanoisa mishonga iyi yekunyaradza nehypnotics pamwe chete, saka unogona kunzwa ichinzi "sedative-hypnotics."
Musiyano uripo pakati pe'Sedation' ne'Anesthesia' ndeupi?
Mazwi maviri aya anowanzo vhiringidzwa, asi pane musiyano mukuru pakati pawo.
Kunyaradza muviri mushonga unoita kuti unzwe wakadzikama, wakasununguka, kana kuti une hope. Asi uchiri kuziva zviri kuitika. Chiremba anogona kutaura newe uye kukupa mazano. Unoshandiswa kuderedza kuzvidya mwoyo uye kutya usati wavhiyiwa zvidiki kana kubviswa mazino.
Kuvhiyiwa kweanesthesia kwakajairika inzira inokuita kuti unzwe kupererwa nepfungwa zvachose. Haunzwi kurwadziwa, hauzive zviri kuitika, uye hauyeuki chero chakaitika panguva iyoyo. Anesthesia inokosha pakuvhiyiwa kukuru (semuenzaniso, kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo).
Funga kuti kune matanho matatu makuru ekunyaradza:
- Zvishoma: Unonzwa kushamisika, asi wakamuka. Unogona kupindura mibvunzo uye kutevedzera mirairo.
- Zviri pakati nepakati: Unganzwa hope dzakanyanya. Ungatozorara. Ungangorasikirwa nendangariro kana kuvhiringidzika mushure mechiitiko chacho.
- Zvakadzika:Ucharara hope huru, asi hauzorasikirwi zvachose nepfungwa sezvaungaita nekushandisa mushonga weanesthesia. Hauzoyeuki chero chinhu nezvechiitiko ichi.
Ndeapi marudzi emishonga yekunyaradza?
Zvinonyaradza zvinogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvikuru zvakasiyana-siyana. Ona tafura iri pazasi kuti unzwisise zviri nyore izvi.
| Rudzi rwemishonga | Inonyanya kushandiswa | Mienzaniso |
|---|---|---|
| Benzodiazepines | Kune zvirwere zvakaita sekuzvidya mwoyo, kushaya hope, uye pfari. Iyi ndiyo mishonga inonyanya kunyaradza. | Alprazolam (Xanax®), Diazepam (Valium®), Flurazepam (Dalmane®) |
| Mabhariturati | Mushonga wekare. Iye zvino wava kushandiswa zvakanyanya pakurapa pfari uye kurapa pfari. | Phenobarbital, Pentobarbital (Nembutal®) |
| Madhiragi | Iyi inoshanda zvakafanana nebenzodiazepines, asi ine maumbirwo akasiyana. Inonyanya kunyorerwa varwere vane hope. Inonziwo "Z-drugs". | Zolpidem (Ambien®), Eszopiclone (Lunesta®), Zaleplon (Sonata®) |
| Zvimwe zvakasiyana | Mimwe mishonga yemazuva ano inorapa kushaya hope isiri yemapoka ari pamusoro apa. | Ramelteon (Rozerem®), Suvorexant (Belsomra®) |
Mushonga uyu unoshanda sei?
Iyi inyaya yesainzi, asi iri nyore. Uropi hwedu hunotumira mameseji pakati pemasero etsinga. Zvinoitwa nemishonga iyi kuwedzera mashandiro e neurotransmitter inonzi GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) muuropi hwedu. GABA ikemikari inodzivirira inodzora mashandiro europi uye inoshanda sekemikari "yekubhureka" (inhibitory). Saka kana mashandiro eGABA akawedzera, uropi hunononoka, uye tinonzwa takadzikama, takasununguka, uye takarara.
Ndezvipi njodzi nemigumisiro yazvo?
Mishonga inonyaradza marwadzo (tranquilizers) imhando yemishonga inofanira kushandiswa nokungwarira kukuru, sezvo iine njodzi dzakati wandei uye migumisiro yadzo.
Migumisiro yenguva pfupi
- Dzungu uye hope
- Kuomerwa nekuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete
- Kuona kusina kujeka
- Nguva yekupindura yakawedzerwa
Njodzi dzekushandiswa kwenguva refu
- Nguva dzose kukanganwa zvinhu.
- Matambudziko epfungwa akadai sekuora mwoyo.
- Kukuvara kwechiropa.
- Kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka.
Njodzi yekupindwa muropa uye nzira yekudzivirira nayo?
Iyi ndiyo njodzi huru inokonzerwa nemishonga iyi. Mimwe mishonga inonyaradza inogona kukonzera mufaro mukuru uye kuzorora (euphoria). Kuedza kakawanda kuwana manzwiro aya kunogona kutungamira mukuvimba nemuviri nepfungwa nekufamba kwenguva.
Kudzivirira kupindwa muropa:
- Usatore mushonga unopfuura wawakanyorerwa nachiremba wako chero chikonzero chipi zvacho.
- Usagovane mushonga wawakanyorerwa nemumwe munhu.
- Chengeta mushonga uyu panzvimbo yakachengeteka pasingasvikirwi nevana.
- Kana mushonga wapera, rasa mushonga wasara zvakachengeteka.
Kunyanyisa uye Chepfu
Kutora zvinodhaka zvinopfuura zvakanyorerwa nachiremba kana kunwa pamwe chete nedoro kana zvimwe zvinodhaka kunogona kukonzera kunwa zvinodhaka zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi .
Zviratidzo zvekudarika mwero:
- Kurara hope dzakadzika, zvakaoma kumuka
- Kutaura kusina kujeka
- Kusagadzikana kusingadzoreki paunenge uchifamba (Ataxia)
- Kufema kunova kwakadzika uye kunonetsa (Respiratory depression)
- Kurasikirwa zvachose kwekuziva (Coma)
Kana ukaona mumwe munhu ane zviratidzo izvi, usanonoka! Enda naye kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
Zviratidzo zvekurega
Kana ukarega kushandisa mushonga uyu kamwe kamwe mushure menguva yakareba, unogona kuona "zviratidzo zvekurega kushandisa mushonga". Izvi zvinogonawo kuva nengozi huru. Nokudaro,Usamborega kutora mushonga uyu kamwe kamwe usina kurairwa nachiremba wako.
Zvinhu zvekuudza chiremba wako usati watora mushonga wekunyaradza
Chiremba asati akupa mushonga wekunyaradza, iva nechokwadi chekumuudza zvinhu izvi.
- Nhoroondo yako yese yezvekurapa.
- Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako ane nhoroondo yekupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka.
- Nezve mimwe mishonga, mavhitamini, kana zvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvauri kutora parizvino.
- Izvi zvinoreva kana ukashandisa doro .
- Kana uine pamuviri kana kuti uchitarisira kubata pamuviri .
- Kana ukashandisa mimwe mishonga.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Mushonga unonyaradza marwadzo imhando yemushonga unofanirwa kungotorwa chete kana chiremba ataura, muhuwandu hwakatarwa uye kwenguva yakatarwa.
- Usagovane mushonga wawakanyorerwa nemumwe munhu chero chikonzero chipi zvacho. Hazvibvumirwi nemutemo uye zvine njodzi zvikuru.
- Usanwe doro zvachose paunenge uchitora mushonga uyu. Kusanganiswa kwezviviri izvi kunogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi.
- Kana muine kutya kana kusava nechokwadi nezvemushonga uyu, migumisiro yawo, kana kupindwa muropa, kurukurai pachena nachiremba wenyu.
- Usamborega kutora mushonga kamwe kamwe usina kubvunza chiremba wako. Kana zvichidikanwa, ita izvozvo nekuderedza zvishoma nezvishoma mushonga wacho uchitarisirwa nachiremba wako.
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