Tese takarohwa zvakanyanya nedenda reCOVID-19 nguva pfupi yadarika, handiti? Asi waiziva here kuti makore anopfuura zana apfuura, muna 1918, kuti zvive pachena, kwakava nedenda rakafanana rakazunungusa nyika? Raive " Spanish Flu ." Rakabata chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevanhu pasi rose ndokuuraya mamiriyoni evanhu. Saka nhasi, ngatitaurei nezveSpanish Flu, nei yaive yakaipa kudaro, uye zvidzidzo zvatinogona kudzidza kubva mairi.
Chii chaizvo chinonzi Spanish Flu?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, furuwenza yeSpain ya1918 yaive denda repasi rose rakakonzerwa nerudzi rwevhairasi yefuruwenza. Yakatanga muna 1918 uye yaive nemafungu matatu makuru ehutachiona - muchirimo, mumatsutso, uye muchando. Mafungu echipiri, akaitika mumatsutso, ndiwo akaipisisa . Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinotenda kuti mafungu echina angangodaro akaitika muma1920.
Chinoshamisa ndechekuti ruzhinji rwevanhu vanofa nedenda iri rwakaitika muvechidiki vari pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemakumi mana, avo vasingawanzorwara zvakanyanya nefuruu. Kunyangwe vana vadiki nevakwegura vari ivo vanowanzova panjodzi huru yefuruu, denda iri rakaonawo huwandu hukuru hwevanhu vadiki vane hutano hwakanaka vachifa. Masayendisiti achiri kuedza kutsvaga kuti sei izvi zvakaitika.
Denda iri raive rakaipa sei?
Fungidzirai, zvinofungidzirwa kuti chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevanhu pasi rose panguva iyoyo, kana kuti vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni mazana mashanu , vakabatwa nefuruwenza iyi.
Panyaya yehuwandu hwevanhu vakafa, vanhu vanosvika mamiriyoni makumi mashanu vakafa pasi rose pakati pa1918 na1919. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinoti nhamba iyi inogona kusvika mamiriyoni zana. MuUnited States chete, vanhu vanosvika zviuru mazana matanhatu nemakumi manomwe nezvishanu vakafa. Nhamba idzi chete dzinokupa pfungwa yekuti mamiriro ezvinhu aya anotyisa sei.
Sei furuwenza yeSpain yaiuraya zvakadaro?
Hapana chikonzero chimwe chete cheizvi, asi zvakawanda. Ngatitarisei zvikonzero zvikuru.
| Chikonzero | Tsananguro iri nyore |
|---|---|
| Mhepo yehondo | Panguva iyoyo, Hondo Yenyika I yakanga ichitanga. Vanhu vaigara munzvimbo dzakazara vanhu dzakadai semisasa yemauto nengarava. Izvi zvakaita kuti chirwere ichi chipararire nekukurumidza. Uyewo, hurumende munyika dzakavhara ruzivo nezvechirwere ichi, dzichitya kuti hondo yacho yaizoodza mwoyo vanhu. |
| Zvivako zvehutano zvishoma | Vanachiremba nevakoti vazhinji vakanga vasipo kuhondo. Kwakanga kusina mayuniti evarwere vane chirwere chepfungwa (ICUs) kana mafekitori ekufema sezvatinazvo nhasi. Kwakanga kusina mishonga inorwisa mavhairasi yekurapa vhairasi yefuruwenza. Kutaura zvazviri , vanachiremba panguva iyoyo vaisatomboziva kuti furuwenza yacho yakakonzerwa nevhairasi. |
| Kukuvara kwemapapu | Utachiona uhwu hwakabata mapapu zvakananga, zvichiita kuti awane hutachiona hwemabhakitiriya. Sezvo pakanga pasina mishonga inouraya mabhakitiriya aya semazuva ano, vanhu vazhinji vakafa nehutachiona uhwu hwechipiri. |
| Basa remuviri wekudzivirira chirwere | Chimwe chikonzero chinoita kuti vechidiki vawedzere kufa chinofungidzirwa kuti ndechekuti masoja avo ekudzivirira muviri ari kunyanya kurwisa hutachiona hutsva uhwu. Izvi zvinonzi cytokine storm . Izvi zvinoreva kuti masoja ekudzivirira muviri anofanirwa kurwisa hutachiona aya haasisina simba, achikuvadza kwete hutachiona chete asiwo masero ayo emapapu ane hutano. Zvakaita sekuti uto rayo riri kuzvirwisa. |
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvefivha iyi?
Zviratidzo zvakaonekwa nevanhu muna 1918 zvakafanana nefuruwenza yatinowana nhasi. Zvisinei, zviratidzo zvacho zvaiwanzova zvakanyanya.
- Kamwe kamwe, dzimwe nguva fivha yakanyanya.
- Kukosora kwakaoma .
- Musoro nekurwadziwa kwemuviri .
- Kutadza kufema zvakanaka.
- Huro inorwadza.
- Kudedera uye kunzwa kutonhorwa.
- Kutonhora.
- Chikafu hachina kunaka .
- Kushaya simba kwakanyanya.
- Kuneta kwakanyanya.
- Kuchinja ruvara rwebhuruu rweganda, miromo, kana nzara. Izvi zvinonzi cyanosis . Zvinoreva kuti muropa hamuna oxygen yakakwana.
- Kuzvimba kwemapapu .
- Kubuda ropa mumuviri.
Sei ichinzi 'Spanish Flu'? Yakatangira muSpain zvechokwadi here?
Iyi ipfungwa isiriyo iyo vanhu vazhinji vane. Furuwenza iyi yakanzi "Spanish flu" kwete nekuti yakatanga muSpain. Kutaura zvazviri, zvinofungidzirwa kuti nyaya dzekutanga dzakataurwa kubva kumasoja ekuAmerica.
Saka sei zita iri rakavapo? Chikonzero cheizvi iHondo Yenyika I. Nyika dzakadai seAmerica, Britain, neFrance, idzo dzaive muhondo iyi, hadzina kupa ruzivo kune vezvenhau nezvekupararira kwedenda iri munyika dzavo. Vaitya kuti zvaizoderedza morari yemauto nevanhu.
Asi Spain yakanga isina kubatanidzwa muhondo panguva iyoyo. Saka nhau dzenyika yavo dzakataura nezvedenda iri zvakasununguka. Nyika yese yakatanga kudzidza nezvechirwere ichi zvakadzama kubva kumapepanhau eSpain. Saka, vanhu vakafunga kuti ichi chirwere chakatangira muSpain. Ndosaka zita rekuti "Spanish flu" rakaramba riripo.
Sangano reWorld Health Organization (WHO) pari zvino rinokurudzira kusatumidza zvirwere mazita enyika kana matunhu, sezvo zvichigona kukonzera rusarura rusina basa kunyika iyoyo kana kuvanhu vayo.
Musiyano uripo pakati pefuruwenza yeSpanish neCOVID-19 ndeupi?
Madenda ese ari maviri akakonzerwa nemavhairasi maviri akasiyana. Denda ra1918 rakakonzerwa nehutachiona hwefuruwenza A (H1N1) . Denda reCOVID-19, iro rakatanga pakupera kwa2019, rakakonzerwa nekoronavirus itsva. Asi muzviitiko zvese izvi, miviri yevanhu yakanga isina dziviriro yekurwisa mavhairasi aya.
Uyewo, muzvirwere zvose izvi, vakuru vehutano veruzhinji vakatora matanho akafanana ekudzora kupararira kwechirwere ichi.
- Kuvharwa kwezvikoro.
- Kurambidzwa kwekuungana kwevanhu.
- Zvinoita kuti kupfeka zvinhu zvekudzivirira zvakaita semasiki kumeso kuve chinhu chinosungirwa.
- Kuvharirwa kwevarwere nevamwe vavo.
Sezvatakasangana nezvinhu izvi panguva yeCOVID-19, nyika zhinji pasi rose dzakazvishandisa muna 1918.
Zvidzidzo zvipi zvatakadzidza kubva mudenda ra1918?
Denda refuruwenza yeSpain ra1918 rakatidzidzisa zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinokosha. Nekuda kwezvidzidzo izvozvo, takanga takagadzirira kutarisana nedenda reCOVID-19.
Nhasi uno, tine zvinhu zvakawanda zvatakanga tisina muna 1918. Majekiseni ekudzivirira furuwenza, mishonga inorwisa mavhairasi yekurapa kana ikaitika, uye mayuniti evanorwara zvakanyanya (ICUs) ekurapa vanorwara zvakanyanya.Tine nzvimbo dzakadaro nhasi.
Denda iri rinotiyeuchidzawo kuti vanhu vezera ripi zvaro uye hutano vanogona kurwara zvakanyanya panguva yedenda. Saka, nekutevera mazano evashandi vehutano, tinogona kuzvidzivirira kwete isu chete, asiwo mhuri dzedu, vavakidzani, uye nzanga yese.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Denda refuruwenza yeSpain ra1918 rakakonzerwa nehutachiona hunonzi influenza A (H1N1). Rinoonekwa serimwe remadenda akaipisisa munhoroondo yepasi rose.
- Mamiriyoni evanhu akafa nekuda kweHondo Yenyika I, kushomeka kwenzvimbo dzehutano, uye rudzi rwehutachiona.
- Zita rekuti "Spanish Flu" harina kunaka. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti, nekuda kwekuongororwa kwezvirwere munguva yehondo, Spain chete ndiyo yakazivisa pachena nezvechirwere ichi.
- Zvidzidzo zvakadzidzwa kubva mudenda ra1918 (semuenzaniso, masiki ekumeso, kuzorora nevanhu) zvakabatsira zvikuru mukuderedza denda reCOVID-19.
- Kunyangwe tiine majekiseni, mishonga, uye nzvimbo dzekurapa dziri nani nhasi, njodzi yezvirwere zvakadaro mune ramangwana haisati yapera nekuti mavhairasi ari kuchinja nguva dzose. Saka, zvakakosha kuti tigare tichitevera mazano ehutano.
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