Paunofunga nezvechirwere cheshuga, ungangofunga nezvechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri chinowanzoitika paunokura. Asi waiziva here kuti kune rumwe rudzi rwechirwere cheshuga runogona kuitika chero pazera ripi zvaro, kunyanya kuvana nevakuru vechidiki? Ndiyo yatinodaidza kuti Type 1 Diabetes. Yakasiyana zvishoma, asi kana ikabatwa zvakanaka, haizokutadzisi kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka. Ngatitaurei nezvazvo nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.
Chii chinonzi Type 1 Diabetes?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga chirwere chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune umo masoja emuviri wedu anorwisa nekuparadza masero anogadzira insulin (ma beta cells) mupancreas yedu.
Funga nezvazvo, insulin yakaita sekiyi inobatsira shuga, kana kuti glucose, muropa redu, kupinda mumasero edu kuti igadzire simba. Zvino, kana masero aya anogadzira insulin apera, muviri haubudisi insulin yaunoda. Ipapo shuga iri muropa haigone kupinda mumasero uye inoungana muropa. Ndizvo zvinoitika muchirwere ichi.
Kare yainzi "juvenile diabetes" nekuti yaiwanzoonekwa muvana nevechidiki. Asi tava kuziva kuti inogona kubata vanhu vakuru vezera ripi zvaro.
Chii chiri musiyano pakati peRudzi 1 neRudzi 2?
Iyi inzvimbo inonetsa vanhu vazhinji.
- Murudzi rwekutanga: Muviri unomira kugadzira insulin zvachose , saka zvinodikanwa kutora insulin kubva kunze kuti urarame.
- Murudzi rwechipiri: Kunyangwe muviri uchigadzira insulin, huwandu hwayo hahukwani, kana kuti masero emuviri haapindure zvakanaka kune insulin iyoyo (insulin resistance).
Zviratidzo zvacho ndezvipi? Ungazviziva sei nekukurumidza?
Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi zvinogona kuonekwa nekukurumidza , dzimwe nguva mukati memavhiki mashoma. Zvakakosha kuziva zviratidzo izvi.
| Chiratidzo | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Nyota yakanyanya uye muromo wakaoma | Nyota haiperi kunyangwe mushure mekunwa mvura. |
| Kuita weti kakawanda | Kuda kuita weti nguva nenguva, kunyanya husiku. |
| Kuderedza uremu pasina chikonzero | Kunyangwe ukadya zvakanaka uye uine nzara, unodzikira uremu. |
| Nzara yakakura | Kunzwa nzara nekukurumidza kunyangwe mushure mekudya. |
| Kuneta kwakanyanya uye kushaya simba | Kugara ndichinzwa ndisina simba. |
| Kuchinja kwemaonero | Zvinhu zvakaita sekuona kusina kujeka. |
| Kutapukirwa kakawanda | Kugara kuripo ganda, nzira yeweti, kana hutachiona hwechikadzi. |
Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga rwekutanga (LADA) muvanhu vakuru (Late-Oncent Type 1 Diabetes)
Dzimwe nguva chirwere ichi chinowanikwa kana munhu akura (pakati pemakore 30-50). Izvi zvinonzi 'Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults' (LADA). Nekuti zviratidzo zvinoonekwa zvishoma nezvishoma, dzimwe nguva zvinogona kukanganiswa nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwechipiri.
Vana vadiki vanorerwa sei?
Kuwedzera kune zviratidzo zvinoonekwa muvakuru, vana vadiki nevacheche vanogona kuratidza zviratidzo zvakasiyana pavanotanga chirwere ichi. Zvakakosha kuti vabereki vazive izvi.
- Kuchinja manapukeni emwana kakawanda kupfuura zvakajairika.
- Kuva nemapundu emudumbu asingapore kunyangwe achirapwa.
- Mwana akadzidziswa chimbuzi anotanga kunyorovesa mubhedha.
- Kuwedzera kwekufema.
- Kurwadziwa kwemudumbu nekurutsa.
- Kuchinja kwemaitiro emwana (kazhinji kutsamwa, kushatirwa).
- Kunhuhwirira kunotapira, kwemuchero kubva mukufema (ichi chiratidzo chine njodzi).
Kana mwana wako aine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi, enda kuna chiremba nekukurumidza. Dzimwe nguva zviratidzo izvi zvingaita sefuruu yakajairika, asi zvinogona kunge zviri chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga.
Ndezvipi zvikonzero zveizvi? Zvinogara nhaka here?
Chikonzero chaicho chinoita kuti masoja emuviri wedu arwise masero awo hachisati chazivikanwa, asi zvinofungidzirwa kuti chinonyanya kukonzerwa nezvirwere zvemajini uye zvinhu zviri munharaunda .
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kana mumwe munhu mumhuri yako (amai, baba, munin'ina kana hanzvadzi) aine chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, uri panjodzi huru yekuchibata, asi izvi hazvirevi kuti uchazochibata zvechokwadi.
Fungidzira, kunyangwe uine majini anoita kuti ubatirwe nechirwere ichi, zvingada chimwe chinhu chinokukanganisa, senge hutachiona, kuti majini iwayo "ashande".
Chirwere ichi chinoonekwa sei? Ndedzipi bvunzo dzinoitwa?
Kana chiremba wako achifungidzira kuti une chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, chinhu chekutanga chavachaita ndechekuongorora huwandu hweshuga muropa rako.
| Bvunzo | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Kuedzwa kweA1c | Unogona kuwana pfungwa yehuwandu hweshuga yako yeropa mumwedzi miviri kusvika mitatu yapfuura. |
| Kuedza Kutsanya Shuga Yeropa | Vanoongorora huwandu hweshuga muropa ravo mushure mekunge vasina kudya chero chinhu kwemaawa angangoita masere. |
| Kuedzwa kweShuga yeRopa Nekusarongeka | Tarisa huwandu hweshuga muropa rako chero nguva yezuva. |
Kuongororwa uku kunogona kuratidza kana une chirwere cheshuga. Asi kuti uzive zvechokwadi kana chiri cherudzi rwekutanga kana rwechipiri, chiremba wako achaita mimwe miedzo mishoma.
- Kuongororwa kweAutoantibody: Iyi ndiyo bvunzo inonyanya kukosha. Muchirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, kune mapuroteni akakosha (autoantibodies) muropa anorwisa masero anogadzira insulin. Kuongororwa uku kunotsvaga izvi.
- Kuongororwa kwemaketone: Kana insulin yapera, muviri unotanga kupisa mafuta kuti uwane simba. Maacids anobuda anonzi maketone. Aya anogona kuonekwa muweti.
Kurapwa uye kutarisira hupenyu
Hupenyu hwako hahuna kupera nekuti wakaonekwa uine chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga. Unogona kurarama hupenyu hurefu, hune hutano, uye hunofadza. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuchengetedza huwandu hweshuga muropa rako huchidzikamiswa.
Kushandiswa kwe insulin kunosungirwa.
Muchirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga, muviri wako haugadzi insulin, saka unofanira kutora insulin kubva kunze zuva nezuva . Haugone kutora insulin iri muchimiro chemapiritsi, nekuti inopwanyika mudumbu mako. Saka unofanira kuitora nemajekiseni kana ne insulin pump.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze insulin. Dzinosiyana panguva yadzinotora kuti dzishande uye kuti dzinotora nguva yakareba sei. Chiremba wako achasarudza rudzi nechiyero che insulin chakakunakira zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira zera rako, mararamiro ako, uye maitiro ako ekudya.
Kugara uchitarisa huwandu hweshuga muropa
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuchengetedza huwandu hweshuga muropa rako mukati mehuwandu hwaunoda mukati mezuva rose. Pane nzira mbiri dzekuita izvi:
1. Glucometer: Nzira yechinyakare yekuongorora inosanganisira kutora donhwe diki reropa kubva pamuromo wemunwe.
2. Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM): Sensor diki inoiswa pasi peganda inoongorora yega huwandu hweshuga muropa rako kwemaminitsi mashoma ega ega uye inotumira data kufoni yako kana kune chimwe chishandiso. Inokuzivisa kana huwandu hweshuga muropa rako hwakakwira kana kuti hwakaderera.
Chikafu uye mararamiro
Kuva nechirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga hazvirevi kuti haugone kudya. Asi unofanira kungwarira huwandu hwechikafu chaunodya, kunyanya makabhohaidhiretsi (starch). Unofanira kugadzirisa huwandu hweinsulin yako kuti huenderane nehuwandu hwechikafu chaunodya.
- Idya chikafu chakakwana . Isa miriwo yakawanda, michero, nezviyo zvakakwana.
- Deredza zvinwiwa zvine shuga yakawanda, zvinotapira, uye makabhohaidhiretsi akacheneswa (chingwa, pasta).
- Maekisesaizi nguva dzose. Maekisesaizi anowedzera kunzwa kwemuviri ku insulin.
- Dzora kushushikana uye wana nguva yakakwana yekurara . Izvi zvinokanganisawo huwandu hweshuga muropa.
Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kuitika nekuda kwechirwere cheshuga?
Kana huwandu hweshuga muropa hukasadzorwa zvakanaka kwenguva yakareba, nhengo dzakasiyana dzemuviri dzinogona kukuvara. Asi usazvidya mwoyo. Kana ukaramba uchidzora zvakanaka, unogona kudzivirira matambudziko mazhinji aya.
Dambudziko guru uye rinokurumidzira idiabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) . Izvi zvinoitika kana muviri usina insulin, zvichiita kuti maketone neshuga zviungane muropa, zvichiita kuti ropa rive neacid. Iyi idambudziko rinotyisidzira hupenyu.
Kana uine zviratidzo zvakaita sekurutsa, kurwadziwa mudumbu, kufema nekukurumidza, hope dzakanyanya, uye kunhuwa kwemuchero mukufema kwako , zvinogona kunge zviri DKA. Enda kuchipatara Emergency Department (ETU) nekukasika.
Matambudziko anoitika kwenguva refu anogona kusanganisira chirwere chemwoyo, chirwere cheitsvo (nephropathy), kukuvara kwemaziso (retinopathy), uye kukuvara kwetsinga. Nzira yakanakisisa yekudzivirira izvi ndeyekutevera mirairo yachiremba wako uye kudzora huwandu hweshuga muropa rako, BP, uye cholesterol.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Chirwere cheshuga cherudzi rwekutanga hachisi mhosva yako. Idambudziko re autoimmune.
- Kunyangwe ichi chiri chirwere chehupenyu hwese, kana ukarapwa ne insulin uye ukachinja mararamiro ako, unogona kurarama hupenyu hune hutano hwakanaka uye hunoshanda.
- Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekugara uchitarisa huwandu hweshuga muropa rako uye woramba uri mukati mehuwandu hwawakapihwa nachiremba wako.
- Kana muine mibvunzo nezvenyaya iyi, musatya kutaura pachena nachiremba wenyu. Vanogara vakagadzirira kukubatsirai.
- Hausi wega. Kune vanhu vazhinji vari kurarama nechirwere ichi. Saka ramba wakasimba.
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