Vharuvhu yemoyo wako ine bhandi rimwe chete here? (Vharuvhu yeAortic yeUnicuspid) - Ngatikurukurei nezvazvo!

Dzimwe nguva tinonzwa tichiti, 'Mwana wangu ane dambudziko diki remwoyo, akaberekwa aine kunyunyuta kwemoyo'? Kana, kana munhu wechidiki achinetseka kufema kana kurwadziwa pachipfuva, vanachiremba vanoti, 'Pane dambudziko diki nevharuvhu yemoyo.' Ndiyo nzira yatichataura nayo nezvechirwere chemwoyo chisingawanzoitiki, asi chakakosha kuziva nezvacho.

Chii chinonzi vharuvhu iyi yeaortic ine bepa rimwe chete (`Unicuspid Aortic Valve`)?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, vharuvhu yeaorta iri mumoyo mako ine kapepa kamwe chete panzvimbo pekatatu kainowanzova nako. Izwi rekuti "unicuspid" rinoreva "pepa rimwe chete." Funga nezvaro semusuwo une kiyi imwe chete panzvimbo pekaviri.

Mapepa aya akafanana nemagonhi madiki. Anovhurika nekuvharika kuti ropa rakachena, rine oxygen yakawanda ripfuure kubva kuruboshwe rwemoyo - kamuri rekuruboshwe riri pasi pemoyo - richienda kuaorta . Aorta inobva yapomba ropa mumuviri wese. Saka, kana huwandu hwemapepa ari muvharuvhu iyi hukadzikira, panogona kuva nezvinotadzisa kufamba kweropa.

Vamwe vanhu vane chirwere ichi, Unicuspid Aortic Valve, vanogonawo kuva nemamwe matambudziko emwoyo. Semuenzaniso:

• Aorta : Izvi zvinoreva kushaya simba mumadziro e aorta.
• Chirema cheVentricular Septal (VSD) : Buri riri pamadziro pakati pemakamuri maviri epasi emwoyo.
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) : Tsinga yeropa inofanira kunge yakavharwa mushure mekusununguka inoramba yakavhurika.
• Kusarongeka kwetsinga dzeropa : Kuchinja kwakasiyana mutsinga dzinopa ropa kumoyo.

Ichi chirwere chisingawanzoitiki. Chinobata vanhu vanosvika 0.02% . Zvakare, chinowanzoitika muvarume.

Kune mhando dzeizvi here?

Ehe, kune mhando mbiri huru dze "Unicuspid Aortic Valve". Musiyano uripo pakati pemhando mbiri idzi ndewe mukaha apo mapepa maviri (mapepa) anosangana nemadziro evharuvhu, anonzi "Commissure" . Unogona kunzwisisa izvi seizvi. Fungidzira kuti miromo yako yakabatana zvachose nechiso chako, asi inogona kusangana pamwe chete yoparadzana, handiti? Ndizvo zvinoreva "Commissure".

Mhando mbiri idzi ndeidzi:

1. Rudzi rweAcommissural: Urwu ndirwo rudzi rwakanyanya kuoma . Muchiitiko ichi, hapana commissure, kureva kuti, hapana mukaha. Uye harina kubatana neaorta. Mapepa acho akabatana ese, sekunge akabatanidzwa pamwe chete. Ropa rinongoyerera nepaburi diki, seburi repin.

2. Rudzi rwemagetsi akaenzana:Iyi haina kunyanya kuoma pane imwe, uye ndiyo mhando inonyanya kuzivikanwa . Ine "Commissure" imwe chete, kureva kuti, mukaha mumwe chete. Yakabatanawo neaorta. Kana rudzi urwu rwevharuvhu rukavhurwa, runoita semutsetse. Vamwe vanhu vanoruenzanisa nemuromo wehove.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvaunogona kuona?

Kana munhu mukuru aine chirwere ichi (Unicuspid Aortic Valve), zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa ndeizvi:

• Kushaya mweya : Kana waneta zvishoma, unganzwa sekunge uchafenda paunenge uchikwira masitepisi.
• Dzungu : Paunosimuka kamwe kamwe, unogona kunzwa dzungu.
• Angina : Uku kunzwa kwekurwadziwa kana kubatwa muchipfuva. Kune vamwe vanhu, izvi zvinogona kupararira kusvika pashaya, mutsipa, kana kunyange mumaoko.
• Kufenda/kufenda : Kungoerekana warasikirwa nepfungwa.

Vana vadiki vane chirwere ichi vanowanzova nematambudziko akadai sekushaya simba kwemoyo kuruboshwe . Vanowanzo deredza huremu sevamwe vana vezera ravo, zvichireva kuti vanowana huremu hushoma.

Rudzi rwe "Acommissural" rwambotaurwa, rwuri rudzi rwakanyanya, runoratidza zviratidzo muvana vadiki zvikuru . Asi avo vane rudzi rwe "Unicommissural" vangasaratidza zviratidzo kusvika vava nemakore makumi maviri kana makumi matatu, kureva kuti, kusvika vasvika pazera rekuyaruka.

Sei izvi zvichiitika? Chikonzero chacho ndechei?

Dambudziko iri, rinonzi ``Unicuspid Aortic Valve'', rinoitika kana mapepa matatu anofanira kuumbwa achitanga kukura mwana achiri mudumbu, uye panzvimbo pekunge aparadzana, anobatana pamwe chete ova chinhu chimwe chete. Izvi zvinoitika mwana asati atombozvarwa .

Kunyange hazvo vaongorori vasati vakwanisa kuzviratidza zvechokwadi, vanofungidzira kuti izvi zvinogona kunge zviri "mamiriro ezvinhu ekuzvarwa nawo." Izvi zvinoreva kuti panogona kunge paine simba remajini.

Ndezvipi zvinetso zvinogona kukonzera izvi?

Munhu ane unicuspid aortic valve anogona kuva nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana nekufamba kwenguva. Matambudziko makuru ndeaya:

• Kuoma kwetsinga yeropa: Izvi zvinoitika kana vharuvhu ikasavhurika zvakanaka, zvichivhara kufamba kweropa. Izvi zvinoita kuti mwoyo ushande nesimba kupomba ropa.
• Kudzoreredzwa kwevharuvhu yeropa: Vharuvhu haivharike zvakanaka, zvichiita kuti rimwe ropa rinopombwa ridzokere mumoyo.
• Infective Endocarditis : Utachiona hwemukati memwoyo, kunyanya mavharuvhu. Vanhu vane mavharuvhu asina kujairika vari panjodzi huru.
• Kuwanda kwenjodzi yekupatsanurwa kweAortic : Ichi chirwere chinowanzoitika kamwe kamwe uye chakanyanya apo madziro eaorta anobvaruka kubva mukati.

Zvakakosha: Zvakakosha zvikuru kuongorora nekurapa chirwere ichi nenguva, matambudziko aya asati aitika.

Unozviwana sei izvi?

Paunoenda kunoona chiremba, achateerera mwoyo wako ne stethoscope panguva yekuongororwa kwako kwemuviri . Kana chiremba akanzwa ruzha rwemwoyo rusina kujairika ("kunyunyuta kwemoyo") pedyo neaorta yako, anogona kufungidzira izvi. Zvadaro, anogona kukurudzira mimwe miedzo.

Miedzo ipi iri kuitwa?

Miedzo mikuru inoitwa kuti isimbise chokwadi chekuti pane ``Unicuspid Aortic Valve'' iyi ndeiyi:

• Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) : Izvi zvakafanana nekuongororwa kwemoyo neultrasound. Zvinoitwa pamusoro pechipfuva. Zvinogona kunyatsoongorora chimiro chemoyo uye mashandiro emavharuvhu awo.
• Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) : Iyi iechocardiogram zvakare. Zvisinei, chubhu diki inopinzwa nepahuro uye moyo unoonekwa nepaguropu. Izvi zvinogona kuburitsa mifananidzo yakajeka kupfuura TTE.
• Kuongororwa kweCardiac Computed Tomography (CT) : Izvi zvinogona kugadzira mifananidzo ye3D yemoyo neaorta.
• MRI yemoyo (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) : Izvi zvinogonawo kupa ruzivo rwakadzama nezvemaumbirwo uye mashandiro emoyo.

Inorapwa sei?

Kurapwa kweizvi kunosiyana zvichienderana nezera uye kuoma kwezviratidzo.

Sarudzo dzakajairika dzekurapa vana vadiki ndeidzi:

• Kuvhiyiwa kweValvotomy : Izvi zvinosanganisira kuvhiyiwa kwekucheka jira revharuvhu rakanamira pamwe chete uye kugadzira mapepa matsva.
• Valvuloplasty : Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa chimwe chinhu chakaita sebharumu kuvhura vharuvhu.
• Kuvhiyiwa kwe "Commissurotomy" : Kupatsanura nzvimbo dzinonzi "Commissures" nekuvhiyiwa uko maziso akabatana.
• Maitiro aRoss : Uku kuvhiyiwa kwakaoma zvishoma. Tichataura zvakawanda nezvazvo gare gare.

Kuvanhu vakuru , kuvhiyiwa kunowanzo dikanwa kugadzirisa vharuvhu yeaortic (Unicuspid Aortic Valve repair) kana kuitsiva nevharuvhu itsva (replacement) .

Pane migumisiro/zvinetso zvekurapa here?

Sekunge kune chero kuvhiyiwa kupi zvako, pane zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kuitika nekurapwa uku. Asi havasi vese vanozosangana neizvi. Usazvidya moyo, chiremba wako acharamba achikuzivisa nezveizvi.

Mamwe matambudziko anowanzoitika ndeaya:

• Utachiona
• Kugwamba kweropa
• Kubuda ropa zvakanyanya (`Kubuda ropa`)
• Endocarditis (chirwere chevharuvhu)
• Matambudziko nechigamba chinoshandiswa pakugadzirisa mavharuvhu.
• Kuvharika Kwemwoyo Kwakazara : Kukanganiswa kwekutumira kwemagetsi emoyo.
• Kumira kurova kwemoyo
• Ropa riri kubuda kubva muvharuvhu kuenda kudivi risiri iro.
• Mwoyo Usina Kunaka

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti upore?

Izvi zvinosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rwekurapwa kwawakaitwa. Zvinogona kutora chero nguva kubva pavhiki kusvika kumwedzi yakati wandei kuti upore. Chiremba wako achakuudza kuti unofanira kuzorora kwenguva yakareba sei uye kuti ungatangazve mabasa ako enguva dzose riini.

Hupenyu huchava hwakaita sei nemamiriro ezvinhu aya?

Kana uine Unicuspid Aortic Valve, ungangoda kuvhiyiwa . Kutaura zvazviri, ungangoda kugadziriswa kana kutsiviwa vharuvhu yako kanopfuura kamwe chete muhupenyu hwako. Ungangovewo uine mamwe matambudziko emwoyo. Ungangodawo kuramba uchitora mishonga inobvisa ropa (anticoagulants) mushure mekuvhiyiwa, zvichienderana nerudzi rwevharuvhu yaunayo.

Asi zvinofanirawo kutaurwa kuti iyi "Unicuspid Aortic Valve" haisi chinhu chinozongopora chega . Mamiriro acho anoramba akafanana kusvika wavhiyiwa kuti ugadziriswe.

Pane mashoko akanaka. Imwe ongororo yakawana kuti 97% yevanhu vakavhiyiwa aortic valve nekuda kwechirwere chinonzi ``Unicuspid Aortic Valve'' vachiri vapenyu makore gumi gare gare .

Zvisinei, kunewo pfungwa yekuti kana munhu ari pasi pemakore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa akapihwa vharuvhu yeprosthetic aortic nekuda kwechirwere ichi, zvinogona kuderedza hupenyu hwemunhu nemakore anopfuura gumi. Ndosaka vaongorori vachiti Ross Procedure ndiyo yakanakira vanhu vechidiki, vanoshanda nesimba. Mu "Ross procedure" iyi, unotora vharuvhu yako yemapapu woiisa panzvimbo ine vharuvhu yeaortic ine chirwere. Zvadaro, pulmonary homograft kubva kumunhu akafa inoiswa panzvimbo yaimbova nevharuvhu yemapapu yakabviswa. Kunyangwe izvi zvakaoma zvishoma, mhedzisiro yacho inonzi yakanaka.

Unoda kuitei newe?

Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, unofanira kutevedzera mirairo yachiremba wako nekungwarira nezvekutarisira machekwa/maronda ako . Iye achakuudzawo kuti unofanira kuzorora kwenguva yakareba sei uye kuti ungatanga riini kutyaira mota nezvimwe zvinhu zvezuva nezuva.

Usakanganwa: Zvakakosha kutora mushonga wako nenguva, sezvakarairwa nachiremba, uye kuenda kukiriniki pamazuva akarongwa.

Dzimwe nguva unofunga kuti, "Aa, handisati ndakura zvekusvika pakubata chirwere chemwoyo," asi uchiri kurwadziwa pachipfuva uye uchinetseka kufema.Kana uine chimwe chezvinotevera, iva nechokwadi chekuona chiremba. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa kweUnicuspid Aortic Valve, ucharamba uine nguva yekutevera nachiremba wako. Kana paine dambudziko (rakadai sehutachiona) mushure mekuvhiyiwa, ungangoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Mibvunzo ipi yaunofanira kubvunza chiremba?

Paunoenda kunoona chiremba, usatya kubvunza chero mibvunzo yaunayo. Heano mimwe mibvunzo yaunogona kubvunza:

• Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekurapa?
• Ndeapi musiyano uripo pakati pemhando dzakasiyana dzekutsiva mavharuvhu? (semuenzaniso, vharuvhu yekugadzira vs. vharuvhu yebiovalve)
• Ndinofanira kuvhiyiwa kwenguva yakareba sei?
• Vharuvhu ichangobva kuiswa inogara kwenguva yakareba sei?

Kana ukanzwa kuti chimwe chinhu chiri mumoyo mako hachisi kushanda zvakanaka, hazvisi nyore. Zvisinei, nekufamba kwenguva, vanachiremba vakagadzira nzira dziri nani dzekurapa chirwere ichi. Taura nachiremba wako nezvezvakakunakira. Sezvo ichi chiri chirwere chisingawanzoitiki , zviri nani kuti uwane chiremba ane ruzivo nacho. Semuenzaniso, vaongorori vanoti chiremba anovhiya anofanira kuita kanenge ka15 Ross oparesheni pagore.

Chekupedzisira, chinhu chakakosha kurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Zvakanaka, saka ndinovimba kuti wava kunzwisisa chirwere chemwoyo chinonzi `(Unicuspid Aortic Valve)` chatataura nezvacho nhasi. Yeuka, ichi chinhu chinoberekwa nacho uye chisingawanzoonekwi. Zvisinei, kana chikaonekwa nemazvo uye chikarapwa nenguva, unogona kurarama hupenyu hwakanaka . Kana iwe kana mumwe munhu waunoziva aine zviratidzo izvi, usatya kuona chiremba uye kuwana mazano. Kunyanya, zvakakosha kuwana rutsigiro rwechikwata chevanachiremba vane ruzivo pakurapa zvirwere zvakadaro zvisingawanzoitiki. Chengetedza moyo wako. Ndiwo pfuma inokosha zvikuru muhupenyu hwako!

` Chirwere chemwoyo, Aortic Valve, Unicuspid Aortic Valve, Kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo, Congenital Heart Disease, Kushaya Mweya, Marwadzo epachipfuva