Tose tinoziva kunzwa kwekutarisira, kuda kuziva, uye kunyange kutya kudiki kunouya nekutora gwaro remazamu. Paunotora gwaro rako, ungatotya zvakanyanya paunoona mazwi ekurapa aripo, kunyanya nhamba yekuti 'BI-RADS'. Asi usazvidya moyo. Hausi iwe chete. Muchinyorwa chino, tichataura zviri nyore nezve 'BI-RADS' uye kuti inoti chii nezvehutano hwako.
Chii chinonzi BI-RADS?
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, `BI-RADS` ipfupiso ye`Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System`. Iyi inzira inoshandiswa navanachiremba pasi rese. Inoshandiswa kupatsanura mhedzisiro yebvunzo yako ye mammogram. Kureva kuti, iyi `BI-RADS`` mamakisi inobatsira chiremba kuti ave nepfungwa yakajeka yekuti X-ray yemazamu ako inoratidza zviratidzo zvegomarara here kana kuti kwete.
Pasi pehurongwa uhwu, mushumo wako uchagamuchira kukosha kubva pa0 kusvika pa6. Zvinotaurwa neumwe neumwe wemipimo iyoyo ndizvo zvatichatarisa izvozvi.
| Chibodzwa cheBI-RADS | Zvinoreva zviri nyore |
|---|---|
| Kukosha 0 | Mhedzisiro yacho haina kujeka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti hazvigoneke kuwana mhedziso yakajeka kubva pakuongorora mazamu. Chiremba anogona kukurudzira kuti zvienzaniswe nezvakaitwa kare kana kuti kuita imwe bvunzo, senge ultrasound scan. |
| Kukosha 1 | Mhedzisiro yakaipa. Aya ndiwo mashoko akanakisa! Hapana mapundu kana shanduko dzinofungidzirwa mumazamu ako. Unokurudzirwa kuramba uchiongororwa mazamu nguva nenguva. |
| Kukosha 2 | Dambudziko rakanaka. Wakaonekwa uine bundu risingakuvadzi kenza (rakadai sefibroadenoma) kana kuti calcium deposits (calcifications) muzamu rako. Hapana chikonzero chekunetseka nezvazvo.Ramba uchiongororwa mammogram panguva yaunogara uchiongororwa. |
| Kukosha 3 | Mikana yekenza yakaderera zvikuru. Pakaonekwa bundu pano, asi pane mukana we98% wekuti harisi kenza. Zvisinei, chiremba anoda kungwarira zvakanyanya nezveizvi. Saka, achakuudza kuti uite imwe mammogram nguva isati yasvika, mwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, kuti uone kana bundu racho rachinja. |
| Kukosha 4 | Dambudziko rekufungidzira. Kuchinja kwataurwa pano kune mukana wekuva nekenza. Usanetseke, 'pane mukana' hazvirevi 'kenza'. Zvisinei, chiremba anokurudzira kuti uitwe biopsy kuti izvi zvisimbiswe. |
| Kukosha 5 | Mikana yekubatwa negomarara yakakura kwazvo. Kana huwandu uhwu hukawanikwa, pane mukana wekuti chirwere ichi chive nekenza ne95% zvichibva pakuonekwa kwebvudzi remazamu. Kuongororwa kwegomarara kunoitirwa kuti izvi zvisimbiswe. |
| Kukosha 6 | Gomarara rakasimbiswa. Kukosha uku kunopiwa kune munhu akatoongororwa kenza uye akasimbiswa kuti ane gomarara. Izvi zvinoshandiswa panguva yekuongorora mazamu kuti aone mamiriro emuviri wake asati atanga kurapwa kana panguva yekurapwa. |
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti kunyangwe kana BI-RADS score iri 4 kana 5, zvinoreva kuti pane 'fungidziro'. Kuongororwa kwechirwere kunoonekwa chete mushure mekuongororwa kweropa.
Ngatidzidzeiwo nezve mammogram uye biopsy tests.
Kuongororwa kweMammogram
Uku ndiko kuongorora X-ray kwakagadzirirwa mazamu. Unomira pamberi pemuchina weX-ray woisa rimwe remazamu ako panzvimbo yakati sandara. Zvadaro, nyanzvi yakadzidziswa inodzvanya zamu rako zvinyoronyoro kubva kumusoro neimwe nzvimbo. Izvi zvinoitwa kuitira kuti nyama yezamu itete uye chero shanduko dziri muzamu dzionekwe zvakajeka paX-ray.
Unganzwa kumanikidzwa, kusagadzikana, uye kunyange kurwadziwa zvishoma panguva ino. Izvi zvakajairika. Kana rumwe rutivi rwapera, rimwe zamu rinoongororwa nenzira imwecheteyo. Zamu rako rinogona kunge richirwadza zvishoma kana kuti rakanyorova mushure mekuongororwa.
Nyanzvi yeX-ray inoongorora mifananidzo iyi yeX-ray uye inoona `BI-RADS` score. Ndiye anotumira mushumo uyu kuna chiremba wako.
Kuongororwa kwe biopsy
Kana chibodzwa chako cheBI-RADS chichifungira kuti chiripo, senge 4 kana 5, chinhu chinotevera chakakosha kuita kuopiopia. Izvi zvinosanganisira kutora sampuro diki yenyama kubva panzvimbo inofungira uye kuiedza murabhoritari. Iyi ndiyo nzira chete yekuziva nechokwadi che100% kana masero ekenza aripo kana kuti kwete.
Pamusoro pekuongororwa kwemazamu kunofungirwa, kune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu akati wandei apo chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kuti uongororwe:
- Ko kana chiremba akawana bundu muruoko rwako achiongorora zamu rako?
- Kana paine chinhu chinofungira kuti chinoonekwa panguva yekuongorora kwe ultrasound.
- Kana nzvimbo inofungirwa ikaonekwa panguva yeMRI scan.
- Kana paine shanduko dzisinganzwisisike muzamu rako (semuenzaniso, ganda, kupinda mukati, kana kubuda kwemvura).
Kana kenza ikaonekwa kuti ine chirwere, mushonga wacho ndewei?
Kana ukaonekwa uine kenza yemazamu, kutanga kurapwa nekukurumidza ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekuwana mhedzisiro yakanaka. Chiremba wako nenyanzvi yezvirwere zvekenza ndivo vachasarudza kurapwa kwakanakira iwe. Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekurapa.
Kuvhiya
Kurapa kukuru kunowanzoitwa kuvhiyiwa kubvisa masero egomarara. Dzimwe nguva, chemotherapy kana radiation zvinogona kuitwa vasati vavhiyiwa kuti gomarara riderere. Kune mhando mbiri dzekuvhiyiwa:
- Kubviswa kweLumpectomy: Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa bundu rekenza chete pamwe chete nenyama shoma yakaripoteredza. Izvi zvinoshandiswa pakenza diki, dziri padanho rekutanga.
- Kubviswa kwezamu: Izvi zvinosanganisira kubviswa zamu rose. Kana uri panjodzi huru yekubatwa nekenza mune ramangwana, chiremba wako anogona kukurudzira kubviswa kwezamu rese (double mastectomy).
Kurapa Nemwaranzi
Izvi zvinosanganisira kushandisa simba guru remagetsi kuparadza masero ekenza kana masero asara mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Kana kenza yapararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri (kenza yemazamu inopararira), kurapwa uku kunogonawo kubatsira kuderedza zviratidzo.
Kurapwa nemakemikari
Izvi zvinosanganisira kupa muviri mishonga yakakosha inouraya masero egomarara kana kuamisa kukura. Iyi mishonga inogona kupihwa sejekiseni kuburikidza netsinga (mutsinga) kana semapiritsi/zvinwiwa zvaunonwa.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- BI-RADS inzira yakajairika yekuzivisa chiremba wako nezvemhedzisiro yebvunzo yako ye mammogram.
- Chibodzwa cheBI-RADS che1 kana 2 zvinoreva kuti hapana chekunetseka nacho. Idambudziko rakajairika kana risina njodzi.
- Usazvidya mwoyo kana ukawana BI-RADS mamakisi e0, 3, 4, kana 5. Zvinongoreva kuti unoda kuongororwa kana kutariswa zvakanyanya. Hazvisi izvo zvinonyatsoratidza kuti une 'kenza.'
- Kuongororwa kweropa chete ndiko kunogona kujekesa kana iri kenza kana kuti kwete.
- Kana muine mibvunzo kana kusava nechokwadi nezvemushumo wamakagamuchira, taurai nachiremba wenyu nezvazvo pachena. Iye achakutsanangurirai zvese.
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