Ma qanjirka pituitary-gaagu "madhan yahay"? Aan wax ka baranno Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)!

Mararka qaar ma madax-xanuun baa ku dhaca mar walba? Mise waxaad u malaynaysaa inay la xiriirto hoormoonnada? Haddii dhakhtar kuu sheego inay u baahan yihiin inay sameeyaan sawir-gacmeedka madaxaaga ama sawir-gacmeedka "MRI" (MRI), waxay ogaan karaan in meesha uu ku yaal qanjirka 'pituitary' uu u muuqdo mid "madhan." Taasi waa waxa aan ugu yeerno Iibka Madhan. Laakiin ma had iyo jeer waa dhibaato weyn? Aan si faahfaahsan uga hadalno arrintan.

Waa maxay Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

Si fudud haddii loo dhigo, Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) waa xaalad aad dhif u ah. Waxay dhacdaa marka qanjirka 'pituitary' - qanjir yar laakiin aad muhiim u ah oo ku yaal saldhigga maskaxdaada - uu simbiriirixo ama uu yaraado meeshiisa, god lafo ah oo loo yaqaan 'sella turcica' . Ka fikir sidan, sella turcica waxay la mid tahay guri yar oo ilaaliya qanjirka 'pituitary'. Sabab qaar awgeed, 'gurigan' wuxuu noqon karaa mid aad u weyn, taasoo keenta in qanjirka 'pituitary' uu soo baxo oo uu yaraado.

Ereyga 'sella turcica' wuxuu ka yimid Laatiin, taasoo macnaheedu yahay 'kursi Turki ah'. Waxaa loogu magac daray sidaas sababtoo ah wuxuu u eg yahay qaabka koorta fardaha. Dadka qaar ee qaba ESS waxay la kulmi karaan astaamo sida dheelitir la'aanta hoormoonka , madax-xanuun soo noqnoqda, iyo isbeddello aragga ah .

Ma ogtahay in qanjirka 'pituitary gland' uu yahay qayb aad muhiim u ah habdhiska endocrine- ka, kaas oo ah nidaamka soo saara hoormoonka. Waxay soo saartaa hoormoono badan oo muhiim ah oo ku jira jirkeena. Hoormoonadani waxay xakameeyaan qanjidhada kale ee jirkeena.

Waa maxay farqiga u dhexeeya Empty Sella iyo Empty Sella Syndrome?

Tani waa wax yar oo wareer leh, markaa si taxaddar leh u dhegeyso. Inkasta oo ereyada 'unug madhan' iyo 'cudurka unugyada madhan' mararka qaarkood loo isticmaalo si is-weydaarsi ah, waxaa jira farqi yar. Marka la soo koobo, unug madhan waa natiijo shucaac ah , halka cudurka unugyada madhan uu yahay xaalad caafimaad.

'Madhan Sella' waa marka qanjirka 'pituitary'-gaagu uu u muuqdo mid siman ama yaraaday marka la baarayo. Xaaladdan oo kale, dhakhaatiirtu si fiican uma arki karaan qanjirka 'pituitary' sawirka. Sidaa darteed, meesha uu ku yaal qanjirka 'pituitary', oo loo yaqaan 'sella turcica', waxay u egtahay 'madhan'. Waa meesha magaca 'madhan sella' uu ka yimid.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sella turcica dhab ahaantii ma madhan tahay. Inta badan, waxaa ka buuxa dareeraha cerebrospinal (CSF) . CSF-kani waa dareeraha ku wareegsan oo ilaaliya maskaxdeenna iyo laf-dhabarteenna. Xaaladda 'sella madhan', dareerahan CSF wuxuu ku daadanayaa sella turcica wuxuuna cadaadis saarayaa qanjirka 'pituitary'. Cadaadiskaasi wuxuu sababaa in qanjidhku uu yaraado ama uu simo.

Inta badan, dhakhaatiirtu waxay si kama' ah u ogaadaan 'unuggan madhan'. Taasi waa, marka ay sameeyaan sawir '`(CT)`` ama sawir '`(MRI)``` ah oo madaxa ah sabab kale awgeed.

In kasta oo dadka qaar ay leeyihiin 'unugyo madhan' oo ku jira sawir-qaadkooda, haddana ma yeelan karaan wax calaamado ah, qanjirka 'pituitary'-gooduna si fiican ayuu u shaqayn karaa.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii qof uu qabo 'sella madhan' oo qanjirka 'pituitary'-kiisuna uusan si fiican u shaqeyneynin, taasi waa waxa aan ugu yeerno Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) . A syndrome waa isku-darka calaamado la xiriira. Dadka qaba ESS waxay la kulmi karaan waxyaabo ay ka mid yihiin dheelitir la'aanta hoormoonka, isbeddellada aragga, iyo madax-xanuun soo noqnoqda.

Waxaa jira laba nooc oo Empty Sella ah, sax?

Haa, marka sawirku ogaado 'unug madhan', dhakhaatiirtu waxay u qaybiyaan laba nooc: aasaasi iyo sare.

• Sella Madhan ee Aasaasiga ah (PES): Tani waa marka dhakhaatiirtu aysan heli karin sabab cad oo qanjirka 'pituitary' uu u fido. Inta badan, sella madhan ee aasaasiga ah ma keento cudurka 'sella' madhan. Taas macnaheedu waa inay si dhif ah u keento astaamo.
• Iibinta Madhan ee Labaad (SES): Tani waxaa sababa xaalad kale oo la aqoonsan karo oo saameysa qaab-dhismeedka qanjirka 'pituitary' ama 'sella turcica'. Si fudud haddii loo dhigo, waxaa sababa dhaawac ka dhashay cudur ama dhacdo kale. Xaaladaha 'sella madhan' ee labaad (SES), cudurka 'sella madhan' ayaa u badan inuu ka soo baxo marka loo eego kiisaska 'sella madhan' ee aasaasiga ah (PES).

Ma cudurkan Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) ayaa halis gelinaya nolosha?

Maya, Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) ma aha xaalad halis gelin karta nolosha. Waxaa lagu daaweyn karaa daawooyin hoormoon ah mararka qaarna qalliin.

Sidoo kale, kaliya sababtoo ah sawirka maskaxdaada ayaa sheegaya 'unug madhan' macnaheedu maahan inay halis gelinayso nolosha. Inta badan kiisaska 'unug madhan', ma jiraan wax calaamado ah ama cillad unug madhan.

Waa maxay doorka qanjirka 'pituitary'?

Qanjirka 'pituitary' waa qanjir aad muhiim ugu ah hormoonnada jirka. Waxay soo saartaa hoormoonno badan oo kala duwan. Waxay sidoo kale u sheegtaa qanjidhada kale ee habdhiska endocrine-ka inay sii daayaan hoormoonnada. Taasi waa:

• Qanjidhada adrenal-ka
• Ugxan-sidaha (dumarka) ama xiniinyaha (ragga)
• Qanjirka thyroid

Hormoonnada waxay la mid yihiin kuwa loo diro kiimikooyinka. Waxay ku dhex maraan dhiigga waxayna fariimaha u gudbiyaan xubnaha, murqaha, iyo unugyada kale. Farriimahani waxay jirka u sheegaan waxa la qabanayo iyo goorta la sameynayo.

Qanjirka 'pituitary gland' wuxuu ku xiran yahay hypothalamus-ka maskaxdeenna.Waxaa ku xiran jirid laga sameeyay xididdada dhiigga iyo neerfayaasha. Tan waxaa loo yaqaan jirid pituitary ah. Waa jiridkan uu hypothalamus kula hadlo qanjirka pituitary oo uu yiraahdo, 'Hagaag, hadda sii daa hoormoonadan.' Hypothalamus waa qaybta maskaxdeenna ee xakameysa waxyaabaha sida cadaadiska dhiigga, garaaca wadnaha, heerkulka jidhka, iyo dheefshiidka.

Qanjirka 'pituitary gland' wuxuu inta badan soo saaraa hoormoonada soo socda:

• Hormoonka Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH): Tani waxay kicisaa qanjidhada adrenal si ay u soo saaraan hoormoonno (tusaale ahaan cortisol) oo ka jawaaba walbahaarka.
• Hormoonka ka hortagga dheecaanka jirka (ADH ama vasopressin): Wuxuu xakameeyaa dheelitirka biyaha jirka.
• Hormoonka kiciya follicle-ka (FSH): Wuxuu ka caawiyaa ukunta bislaanshaha haweenka iyo soo saarista shahwada ragga.
• Hormoonka koritaanka (GH): Waxay ka caawisaa jirkeena inuu ka koro carruurnimada ilaa qaangaarnimada, gaar ahaan lafaha iyo murqaha.
• Hormoonka Luteinizing (LH): Wuxuu la shaqeeyaa FSH si uu u caawiyo shaqada habdhiska taranka. Waa muhiim u ah ugxan-sidaha dumarka iyo soo saarista testosterone ragga.
• Oxytocin: Waxay ka caawisaa ilmo-galeenka inuu isku ururo xilliga dhalmada iyo in caanaha la daayo inta lagu jiro naas-nuujinta.
• Prolactin: Waxay kicisaa soo saarista caanaha naaska.
• Hormoonka kiciya qanjirka tayroodhka (TSH): Wuxuu u sheegaa qanjirka tayroodhka ee qoorta ku jira inuu sameeyo hoormoonada tayroodhka. Hoormoonadan tayroodhka ayaa xakameeya heerka uu jidhkeenu u isticmaalo tamarta (dheef-shiid kiimikaad).

Dhammaan hoormoonadan si joogto ah looma soo saaro. Badankood waxaa la sii daayaa si degdeg ah, qiyaastii hal ilaa saddex saacadoodba mar.

Yaa ugu badan ee uu saameeyo Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

In kasta oo tani ay tahay xaalad naadir ah, haddana carruurta iyo dadka waaweynba waxay yeelan karaan cudurka 'madhan' ee 'sella syndrome' (ESS).

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, unug madhan oo aasaasi ah (PES) - oo macnaheedu yahay kan ka soo muuqda oo keliya sawir-qaadis aan lahayn wax calaamado ah - ayaa qiyaastii afar jeer ka badan dumarka marka loo eego ragga.

PES waxay ugu badan tahay dadka da'doodu u dhaxayso 30 iyo 40. Mararka qaarkood waxay ku dhici kartaa dumarka ka hor marka loo eego ragga. Haweenka uurka ku jira ee muddada buuxda qaatay waxay si gaar ah halis ugu jiraan inay qaadaan PES.

PES kuma badna carruurta marka loo eego dadka waaweyn. Marka ay dhacdo, badanaa waxaa lala xiriiriyaa xaalado caafimaad oo kale, sida cudurka Turner, cudurka Moyamoya, iyo cudurka Prader-Willi.

Sidee bay caan u tahay tan?

Cudurka Sella ee Madhan (ESS) waa mid aad dhif u ah. Cilmi-baarayaal qaar ayaa qiyaasaya in wax ka yar 1% dadka qaba 'sella madhan' ay yeeshaan calaamado (tusaale ahaan, waxay yeeshaan ESS).

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, in la yeesho sella madhan oo aan lahayn astaamo ayaa aad u badan. Warbixinnada qaar ayaa sheegaya in inta u dhaxaysa 8% iyo 35% dadweynaha ay yeelan karaan sella madhan. Warbixinno kale ayaa sheegaya in qiyaastii 12% dadku ay qabaan sella madhan, iyadoo lagu saleynayo natiijooyinka baaritaanka maskaxda.

Waa maxay calaamadaha Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

Calaamadaha ugu muhiimsan ee la xiriira cudurka madhan ee sella syndrome (ESS) waa madax-xanuun daba-dheeraada. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cilmi-baarayaashu weli ma hubaan in madax-xanuunnadani ay sababaan ESS ama inay yihiin wax iska soo horjeeda. Tani waxay sabab u tahay dad badan oo qaba ESS sidoo kale waxay qabaan dhiig-kar (hypertension), kaas oo sidoo kale sababi kara madax-xanuun haddii uu noqdo mid daran.

ESS badanaa waxay sababtaa dheelitir la'aan hoormoon oo ka dhalata dhaawaca qanjirka 'pituitary'. Dadka qaba ESS waxay la kulmi karaan calaamado kala duwan iyadoo ku xiran dhaawaca qanjirka 'pituitary' iyo hoormoonada ay saameysay. Haddii aad qabto ESS, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad yeelato qaar ka mid ah calaamadaha soo socda:

• Dheecaan aan caano lahayn oo ka yimaada naasaha (galactorrhea) (tani waxay sidoo kale ku dhici kartaa ragga)
• Cilad Kacsi ( ragga)
• Caadada aan caadiga ahayn ama maqnaanshaha caadada oo dhammaystiran (amenorrhea) (haweenka)
• Hoos u dhac ama luminta rabitaanka galmada (libido yar)
• Daal dareemid mar walba (Daal)

Aad dhif u ah, dadka qaar ee qaba ESS waxay sidoo kale la kulmi karaan astaamo sida:

• Cadaadis kordhay oo gudaha madaxa ah (cadaadis gudaha maskaxda ah oo aan fiicnayn)
• Rinorrhea-da cerebrospinal (daadinta sanka ee CSF)
• Barar ku dhaca saxanka indhaha ee gudaha isha (papilledema) oo ay ugu wacan tahay cadaadiska kordhay ee madaxa
• Isbeddellada aragga, tusaale ahaan, aragga oo aan caddayn.

Mar labaad, waxaad yeelan kartaa 'unug madhan' marka aad sawirto maskaxda, laakiin waxaa laga yaabaa inaadan lahayn wax calaamado ah. Dhab ahaantii, dad badan oo qaba 'unugyo madhan' ma lahan wax calaamado ah mana lahan weligood.

Ma jiraa sabab miisaanka kor u kaca?

Haddii qanjirka 'pituitary'-gaagu uusan soo saarin hoormoon ku filan oo kiciya qanjirka 'thyroid-ka' (TSH) sababtoo ah cudurka 'sella syndrome' oo madhan (ESS), waxaa jirta fursad aad miisaan ku kordhin karto.

TSH waxay kicisaa qanjirka tayroodhka, oo ku yaal hore ee qoortaada, maqaarka hoostiisa, si uu u sii daayo hoormoonada tayroodhka. Shaqada ugu weyn ee qanjirka tayroodhka waa inuu soo saaro hoormoonada tayroodhka, kuwaas oo xakameeya heerka aad cuntada aad cunto ugu beddesho tamar, ama heerka dheef-shiid kiimikaadkaaga .

Haddii qanjirka 'pituitary'-gaagu uusan soo saarin TSH ku filan sababo la xiriira ESS, qanjirka 'thyroid'-kaagu waxaa laga yaabaa inaanu soo saarin hoormoonno ku filan qanjirka 'thyroid'. Tani waxay sababi kartaa in dheef-shiid kiimikaadkaagu uu gaabiyo sababtoo ah heerarka hoormoonka qanjirka 'thyroid' oo hooseeya, taasoo keeni karta miisaan kordha.

Maxaa sababa Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

Cudurka Sella ee Madhan (ESS) waxaa sababi kara sella madhan oo aasaasi ah (PES) ama sella madhan oo labaad (SES). Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sella madhan oo labaad (SES) ayaa u badan inay keento ESS.

Sababaha Cudurka Sella Empty Syndrome (PES)

Cudurka 'Primary esophagitis' (PES) wuxuu dhacaa marka mid ka mid ah xuubka daboolaya dibadda maskaxdaada (lakabka arachnoid), sella turcica, uu gudaha u soo baxo, isagoo riixaya qanjirka 'pituitary'.

Dhakhaatiirtu weli ma aysan awoodin inay tilmaamaan sababta saxda ah ee keenta cudurka 'primary madhan sella syndrome'.

Mid ka mid ah aragtidu waxay tahay in daciifnimo ku timaadda unugyada daboolaya maskaxda ay u oggolaanayso dareeraha maskaxda (CSF) inuu galo sella turcica, taasoo simaysa qanjirka pituitary. Xaaladaha noocaas ah, qanjirka pituitary badanaa way adag tahay in lagu arko sawirka, laakiin badanaa si caadi ah ayuu u shaqeeyaa, sidaa darteed cudurka sella madhan ma dhaco.

Sababaha Cilladda Kacsiga Sare (SES)

Sella madhan ee labaad (SES) waxay dhacdaa marka qanjirka 'pituitary' ama 'sella turcica' uu waxyeello u geysto cudur ama dhacdo kale. Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira sababo badan oo suurtagal ah oo keena SES. Guud ahaan, sababaha ugu waaweyn ee dhaawacan waa:

• Buro maskaxeed.
• Daaweynta shucaaca .
• Qalliinka maskaxda ayaa laga sameeyay aagga ku xeeran qanjirka 'pituitary gland'.
• Dhaawac madaxa ah oo daran, tusaale ahaan dhaawac maskaxeed oo naxdin leh.

Waa kuwan sababo kale oo gaar ah oo saameyn kara faaruqinta labaad ee kaadiheysta:

• Burooyinka maskaxda: Mararka qaarkood burooyinka maskaxdu waxay sababi karaan cadaadis dheeraad ah oo ku wareegsan maskaxdaada (cadaadiska intracranial), kaas oo cadaadin kara qanjirka 'pituitary'.
• Dhiigkarka intracranial-ka ee aan la saadaalin karin (IIH): IIH waa koror ku yimaada cadaadiska gudaha madaxa oo ay ugu wacan tahay isku-ururinta dareeraha maskaxda (CSF) ee ku wareegsan maskaxdaada. Cadaadiskan xad-dhaafka ah wuxuu cadaadin karaa qanjirka 'pituitary'.
• Cudurka qanjirka 'pituitary adenomas': Kuwani waa burooyinka ka soo baxa qanjirka 'pituitary'. Inta badan, ma aha kansar (aan fiicnayn). Cudurka 'adenomas' wuxuu cadaadis saari karaa qanjirka 'pituitary' oo wuu dhaawici karaa.
• Cudurka Sheehan: Kani waa xaalad mararka qaar dhici karta haddii uu jiro dhiigbax xad dhaaf ah oo halis gelinaya nolosha inta lagu jiro dhalmada. Tani waxay sababi kartaa in jirka uu waayo oksijiin waxayna dhaawacdaa qanjirka 'pituitary'.

Sidee lagu ogaadaa Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

Inta badan, dhakhaatiirtu waxay si kama' ah u helaan sella madhan, marka ay madaxa ku sameeyaan baaritaan sabab kale awgeed. Sidoo kale, dad badan oo qaba sella madhan waligood ma yeeshaan cudurka sella madhan ama ma la kulmaan wax calaamado ah.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad leedahay calaamado la xiriira cilladda unugyada madhan, sida madax-xanuun soo noqnoqda iyo dheelitir la'aanta hoormoonka, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu ku weydiin doonaa taariikhdaada caafimaad, wuxuu sameyn doonaa baaritaan jireed, wuxuuna u badan tahay inuu dalbado sawir-qaadis madaxa iyo maskaxda ah.

Sawirrada loo isticmaalo in lagu ogaado ESS waa:

• Sawirka CT-ga maskaxda (computed tomography): Sawirka CT waa hab lagu sawiro maskaxdaada iyo qanjirka 'pituitary' iyadoo la adeegsanayo raajooyin iyo kombiyuutar.
• Sawir-qaadista sawir-qaadista magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ee maskaxda: Sawir-qaadista MRI waxay isticmaashaa hirarka raadiyaha iyo birlabyada xooggan si ay sawirro aad u cad uga sameeyaan qaybaha gudaha jirkaaga, sida sella turcica-gaaga.

Dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kaloo dalban karaa baaritaanno dheeraad ah, sida baaritaannada dhiigga, si loo hubiyo heerarka hoormoonkaaga.

Mararka qaar, dhakhaatiirtu waxay sidoo kale samayn karaan baaritaanno sidan oo kale ah si ay u hubiyaan cadaadiska sii kordhaya ee maskaxdaada:

• Dhakhtar indhaha ah u sheeg inuu baaro retina-da ku jirta ishaada.
• Daloolin dhabarka ah (tuubada laf-dhabarta) - Tani waxay cabbirtaa cadaadiska dareeraha laf-dhabarta.

Waa maxay daawaynta loogu talagalay Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

Xitaa haddii sawir-qaadistaadu muujiso 'unug madhan', haddii qanjirka 'pituitary' uu si fiican u shaqeynayo, uma baahnid wax daaweyn ah. Tani waa waxa inta badan dhaca.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii aad qabto Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) oo qanjirka 'pituitary'-gaagu uusan si fiican u shaqaynayn, daaweyntu waa daawooyin lagu saxayo heerarka hoormoonka hooseeya. Taasi waa, daawada waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa iyadoo lagu saleynayo hoormoonka hooseeya.

Haddii ESS ay keento in dheecaanka cerebrospinal (CSF) uu ka daato sankaaga (CSF rhinorrhea), waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato qalliin si aad u hagaajiso sella turcica-gaaga.

Waa maxay arrimaha khatarta ah ee keena Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

Dhakhaatiirtu si sax ah uma hubaan waxa keena cudurka sella madhan ee dadka qaar ee qaba sella madhan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cudurka sella madhan wuxuu u badan yahay inuu ku dhaco sella madhan oo labaad (SES) marka loo eego sella madhan oo aasaasiga ah (PES). Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay haddii sella madhan ay sababto wax kale, sida buro maskaxda ah, daaweynta shucaaca, ama dhaawac madaxa ah, waxaad u badan tahay inaad la kulanto calaamado.

Waa maxay saadaasha qofka qaba Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS)?

Aragtida qof qaba cudurka 'sella syndrome' (ESS) guud ahaan waa mid wanaagsan. Waxaa jira daawooyin lagu daaweeyo dheelitir la'aanta hoormoonka. Haddii aad leedahay dheelitir la'aan hoormoon oo ay ugu wacan tahay ESS, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad u baahato inaad qaadato daawo inta noloshaada ka dhiman.

Goorma ayay tahay inaad dhakhtar u tagto haddii aad qabto cilladda unugyada madhan?

Haddii lagaa helay cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS), oo aad yeelato calaamado cusub ama haddii calaamadahaaga jira ay ka sii daraan, isla markiiba la xiriir dhakhtarkaaga.

Haddii aad qaadanayso daawooyin loogu talagalay dheelitir la'aanta hoormoonka oo ay ugu wacan tahay calool madhan, aad bay muhiim u tahay inaad si joogto ah ula kulanto dhakhtarkaaga si aad u hubiso in daawadaadu si fiican u shaqaynayso.

Haddaba, maxaan ka xasuusan karnaa tan?

Hagaag, Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome (ESS) waa xaalad aad dhif u ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waa wax caadi ah in la ogaado inaad qabto wax loo yaqaan 'unug madhan' marka lagu sameeyo sawir-qaadista maskaxda. Markaa ha ka welwelin kaliya sababtoo ah dhakhtar ayaa sidaas leh. Inta badan, dadka qaba 'unug madhan' ma lahan wax calaamado ah mana yeeshaan Cudurka Empty Sella Syndrome.

Haddii aad wax su'aalo ah ka qabtid warbixintaada baaritaanka, ha ka baqin inaad weydiiso dhakhtarkaaga. Waxay u joogaan inay ku caawiyaan. Daryeelka caafimaadkaaga ayaa ah waxa ugu muhiimsan.

` Cudurka Sella Madhan, Qanjirka Pituitary, Hormoonnada, Sawirka Maskaxda, Sellae Tursica