Aan wax ka baranno Kansarka Parathyroid. Ha cabsan, aan wada hadalno!

Dhammaanteen waxaan la kulannaa isbeddello yaryar iyo raaxo-darrooyin jirkeenna mar mar, sax? Malaha waa buro yar oo qoorta ku taal, ama waxay noqon kartaa wax la mid ah daal la'aan sabab la'aan ah, ama harraad mar walba. In kasta oo inta badan waxyaalahan aysan ahayn wax laga walwalo, haddana xaalado dhif ah, waxay noqon karaan calaamadaha ugu muhiimsan ee xaalad caafimaad. Maanta waxaan ka hadli doonnaa nooc ka mid ah kansarka oo waxoogaa naadir ah, laakiin aad bay muhiim noogu tahay inaan dhammaanteen ka warqabno. Taasi waa kansarka ka dhasha qanjidhada parathyroid, oo caafimaad ahaan loo yaqaan kansarka parathyroid , ama `(Parathyroid Carcinoma)`.

Waa maxay Kansarka Parathyroid?

Si fudud haddii loo dhigo, kansarka parathyroid waa nooc aad dhif u ah oo kansar ah oo ka soo baxa unugyada qanjidhada parathyroid-kaaga. Qanjidhadaada parathyroid-ka badanaa waxay ku yaalliin gadaasha qanjirka thyroid-ka ee u eg balanbaalis oo ku yaal hore ee qoortaada.

Kansarka Parathyroid looma kala saarin afar marxaladood (sida "nidaamka magaca afar marxaladood") sida noocyada kale ee kansarka. Taa beddelkeeda, dhakhaatiirtu waxay kansarka u qaybiyaan saddex nooc oo waaweyn:

• Deegaan: Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in kansarku uu ku jiro oo keliya qanjirkaaga parathyroid. Mararka qaarkood waxaa laga yaabaa inuu ku faafo unugyada ku hareeraysan. Taas macnaheedu waa in kansarku wali ku kooban yahay hal meel.
• Metastatic: Tani waa marka kansarku ku faafo qaybaha kale ee jirkaaga, sida qanjidhada limfaha, beerka, sambabada, lafaha, ama ganaca. Inta u dhaxaysa 10% iyo 30% dadka qaba kansarka parathyroid-ka ayaa kansarku ku faafaa (metastatic) wakhtiga lagu ogaanayo cudurka. Meelaha ugu badan waa sambabada, lafaha, ama beerka.
• Soo Noqnoqda: Tani waa marka kansarku soo laabto ka dib daawaynta bilowga ah - badanaa ka dib marka qanjirka kansarka qalliin looga saaro. In ka badan kala bar dadka qaba kansarka parathyroid-ka ayaa yeelan doona noocan kansarka ah. Kansarka badanaa wuxuu soo noqdaa laba ilaa shan sano gudahood qalliinka ugu horreeya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mararka qaarkood wuu soo laaban karaa ilaa 20 sano kadib.

Waa maxay qanjidhada parathyroid-ka?

Inta badan annaga waxaan leenahay afar qanjir oo parathyroid ah oo cabirkoodu yahay digir. Sida hore loo soo sheegay, kuwani waxay ku yaalliin gadaasha qanjirka thyroid-ka. Sida qanjirka thyroid-ka, qanjidhada parathyroid-ku waa qayb ka mid ah nidaamkaaga endocrine-ka. Mararka qaarkood, qanjidhada parathyroid-ku waxay ku yaalli karaan hungurigaaga ama xitaa laabtaada. Tan waxaa loo yaqaan ectopic.Qanjidhada parathyroid-ka waxaa loo yaqaan qanjidhada parathyroid, taasoo macnaheedu yahay inaysan ku oolin meeshii ay caadiyan ahaan lahaayeen.

Shaqada ugu weyn ee qanjidhadaada parathyroid waa inay xakameeyaan xaddiga kaalshiyamka ee dhiiggaaga ku jira iyagoo soo saaraya hoormoonka parathyroid (PTH) . Mararka qaarkood, mid ama in ka badan qanjidhadaada parathyroid waxay bilaabaan inay soo saaraan hoormoonkan parathyroid-ka (PTH). Xaaladdan waxaa loo yaqaan Primary Hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) . Marka PTH aad u badan la soo saaro, heerka kaalshiyamka ee dhiiggaaga ayaa kordha. Xaaladdan waxaa loo yaqaan hypercalcemia .

Waa maxay farqiga u dhexeeya adenoma-ka qanjirka 'parathyroid' iyo kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid'?

Adenoma-ka qanjirka 'parathyroid adenoma' waa korriin aan kansar lahayn oo ku dhaca qanjirka 'parathyroid'. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, kansarka 'parathyroid' waa horumarinta unugyada kansarka ah ee aan kansarka lahayn ee ku jira unugyada 'parathyroid'. Cudurrada la xiriira qanjidhada 'parathyroid', adenoma-ka 'parathyroid' ayaa aad uga badan kansarka 'parathyroid'.

Laakiin waa kan waxa muhiimka ah: Labada xaaladoodba, kansarka parathyroid iyo adenoma-ka parathyroid, qanjirkaaga parathyroid wuxuu noqon karaa mid aad u firfircoon oo soo saara hoormoonka parathyroid (PTH) oo aad u badan. Kadib, sida hore loo soo sheegay, hypercalcemia ayaa dhacda. Hypercalcemia-gan waxay waxyeello u geysan kartaa jirkaaga iyo caafimaadkaaga. Sidaa darteed, daaweynta ugu badan ee kansarka parathyroid, iyo sidoo kale adenomas-ka parathyroid, waa in qalliin looga saaro qanjirka parathyroid-ka ee firfircoon.

Xitaa dhakhaatiirta, way ku adkaan kartaa in isla markiiba la ogaado inuu yahay kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid adenoma' ama kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid'. Sababtoo ah unugyada labaduba way isku mid noqon karaan, ka dib marka qanjirka 'parathyroid' ee firfircoon ee xad-dhaafka ah qalliin looga saaro, baaritaanno dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo xaqiijiyo inuu yahay 'adenomas' ama 'cancer'.

Waa maxay hypercalcemia? Sidee ayay ula xiriirtaa kansarka parathyroid?

Hypercalcemia waa marka heerarka calcium-ka dhiiggaagu ay ka sarreeyaan kuwa caadiga ah. Dadka qaba kansarka parathyroid badanaa waxay yeeshaan hypercalcemia. Tani waa sababta oo ah kansarku wuxuu sababaa in qanjirkaaga parathyroid uu noqdo mid aad u firfircoon oo soo saaro hoormoonka parathyroid-ka oo aad u badan (PTH). Hoormoonka Parathyroid-ka (PTH) wuxuu nidaamiyaa xaddiga calcium-ka dhiiggaaga. Markaa, haddii aad leedahay hoormoonka parathyroid-ka oo aad u badan (PTH), heerarka calcium-ka dhiiggaaga ayaa kordhi doona.

Hypercalcemia waxay waxyeello u geysan kartaa caafimaadkaaga iyo jirkaaga. Sidaa darteed, aad ayey muhiim u tahay in la daaweeyo hypercalcemia oo ay keento kansarka parathyroid iyo sidoo kale kansarka laftiisa.

Ma jiraan noocyo kala duwan oo kansarka parathyroid ah?

Haa, waxaa jira laba nooc oo ugu muhiimsan kansarka parathyroid.

1. Nooca ugu badan: Xaaladdan, unugyada kansarku waxay sababaan in qanjirkaaga parathyroid uu soo saaro hoormoonka parathyroid (PTH) oo aad u badan oo uu ku sii daayo dhiigga. Tani waxay keentaa in heerka kaalshiyamka ee dhiiggaagu uu kordho.

2. Kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid' ee aan shaqaynayn: Tan waxaa sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'kansar qanjirka 'parathyroid' oo aan dahaadhnayn. Tani way ka duwan tahay noocyada kale. Sababtoo ah, dadka qaba noocan kansarka ah ma laha heerar sare oo hoormoonka 'parathyroid' (PTH) ama kaalshiyam ah oo ku jira dhiiggooda. Noocan aad ayuu u naadir yahay, wuxuuna ku dhacaa wax ka yar 10% bukaannada qaba kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid'.

Marka la ogaado kansarka parathyroid-ka, baaritaanno dheeraad ah ayaa la sameeyaa si loo ogaado inuu yahay mid ku meel gaar ah , mid metastatic ah , ama mid soo noqnoqda . Sida hore loo soo sheegay, kala-soocidda afarta marxaladood ee loo isticmaalo kansarrada kale looma isticmaalo tan.

Yaa u badan inuu ku dhaco kansarka parathyroid-ka?

Kansarkan si siman ayuu u saameeyaa dumarka iyo ragga. Badanaa waxaa lagu arkaa dadka da'doodu ka weyn tahay 30 sano .

Sidee ayuu cudurkani u badan yahay?

Kansarka Parathyroid waa cudur aad dhif u ah. Bal qiyaas, wuxuu kaliya ka kooban yahay 0.005% dhammaan kansarrada. Sidoo kale, kansarka parathyroid wuxuu ka kooban yahay inta u dhaxaysa 0.5% iyo 1% dhammaan cudurrada la xiriira qanjirka parathyroid. Markaa, tani runtii waa naadir.

Waa maxay sababaha keena Kansarka Parathyroid?

Xaqiiqdii, weli lama helin sabab gaar ah oo keenta kansarka parathyroid.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xaaladaha hidde-side ee naadirka ah (tusaale ahaan, laga dhaxlo qoyska) ee soo socda ayaa loo arkaa arrimo halis u ah kansarkan:

• Nooca I ee kansarka endocrine-ka ee badan (MEN1)
• Hyperparathyroidism-ka qoyska ee la go'doomiyay (FIHP)
• Hyperparathyroidism - cilladda burooyinka daanka

Intaa waxaa dheer, haddii aad hore u qaadatay daaweynta shucaaca ee madaxaaga ama qoortaada, waxay sidoo kale kordhin kartaa khatartaada ah inaad qaaddo kansarka parathyroid.

Waa maxay calaamadaha Kansarka Parathyroid?

Badanaa, calaamadaha kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid' waa calaamadaha 'hypercalcemia' ee ka dhasha. Calaamadaha iyo calaamadaha 'hypercalcemia' waxaa ka mid noqon kara:

• Baahida kaadinta si ka badan sidii caadiga ahayd (kaadi joogto ah)
• Dareemidda harraad ka badan sidii caadiga ahayd
• Lallabo iyo matag
• Sida caadiga ahMa dareemayo gaajo
• Calool-istaagga
• Dareen aad u daal badan
• Dareemidda inaad niyad jabsan tahay
• Illoobo ama lumis xasuus
• Xanuunka murqaha, daciifnimada, iyo/ama leexashada

Calaamadaha kale ee suurtogalka ah ee kansarka parathyroid:

• Ku haysashada buro qoorta ah
• Isbeddelka codka ama xabeebka
• Dhibaato liqidda cuntada

Haddii aad leedahay mid ama in ka badan calaamadahan, ha ka baqin inaad u malaynayso inay hubaal tahay kansarka parathyroid. Calaamadahan waxaa sidoo kale lagu arki karaa xaalado kale oo badan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, haddii wax sidan oo kale ah ay sii socdaan, waxaa ugu wanaagsan inaad la tashato dhakhtar si aad talo u hesho.

Sidee loo ogaadaa Kansarka Parathyroid?

Ogaanshaha kansarka parathyroid mararka qaarkood way adkaan kartaa. Mid ka mid ah sababaha ayaa ah in unugyada adenoma-ka parathyroid-ka ee aan kansarka ahayn iyo kuwa kansarka parathyroid-ka ay u ekaan karaan isku mid.

Kansarka Parathyroid waxaa badanaa la ogaadaa ka dib marka qanjirkaaga parathyroid-ka ee aan caadiga ahayn oo firfircoon ee xad-dhaafka ah qalliin lagu saaro ('parathyroidectomy'), unugyadana waa la sii baarayaa. Mararka qaarkood, dhakhtarka qalliinka ayaa ogaan kara kansarka parathyroid-ka inta lagu jiro qalliinka.

Baaritaanno noocee ah ayaa loo sameeyaa si loo ogaado cudurka?

Sida hore loo soo sheegay, kansarka parathyroid-ka waxaa badanaa la ogaadaa ka dib marka lagaa helo hyperparathyroidism-ka aasaasiga ah , qanjirka parathyroid-ka ee aan caadiga ahayn oo firfircoon ee xad-dhaafka ah ayaa qalliin lagu saaraa. Mararka qaarkood, dhakhtarka qalliinka ayaa ogaan kara kansarka parathyroid-ka inta lagu jiro qalliinka.

Kahor qalliinkaaga si aad uga saarto qanjirkaaga parathyroid-ka ee firfircoon, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad yeelato baaritaanno sidan oo kale ah:

• Baaritaanka kaalshiyamka dhiigga
• Baaritaanka PTH ee dhiigga
• Sawirka Parathyroid - Kani badanaa waa sawir-qaadis shucaac ah oo sestamibi ah iyo/ama sawir-qaadis CT ah.

Haddii lagaa helo kansarka parathyroid-ka, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu dalban karaa baaritaanno sawir-qaadis ah sida kuwaan si loo arko haddii kansarku uu ku faafay (metastasized) qaybaha kale ee jirkaaga:

• Sawirka CT (sawirka sawir-qaadista kombiyuutarka): Sawirka CT wuxuu adeegsadaa raajooyin iyo kombiyuutar si uu u sameeyo sawirro badan oo saddex-geesood ah (3D) oo jirkaaga ah.
• Sawirka MRI (MRI - sawir-qaadista resonance magnetic):Baaritaanka MRI wuxuu adeegsadaa birlab weyn, hirarka raadiyaha, iyo kombiyuutar si uu u sameeyo sawirro faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan jirkaaga. Ma isticmaalo raajo (shucaac).

Waa maxay daaweynta kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid'?

Xulashada ugu weyn ee daaweynta kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid' waa qalliin looga saarayo qanjirka 'parathyroid' ee kansarka ('en bloc resection'). Haddii kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid' uu ku faafo (metastasized), dhakhtarkaaga qalliinka ayaa sidoo kale u baahan kara inuu ka saaro unugyada ku wareegsan qanjirka 'parathyroid' ama unugyada kansarka ee qaybaha kale ee jirkaaga.

Farsamooyinka qalliinka ee soo socda ayaa loo isticmaali karaa kansarka parathyroid:

• Qalliinka ka-goynta: Qalliinkan, dhakhtarka qalliinka wuxuu ka saarayaa qanjirkaaga parathyroid oo dhan iyo kaabsalkiisa ku wareegsan. Mararka qaarkood, waxay sidoo kale ka saari karaan kala bar qanjirka thyroid-ka dhinaca la midka ah qanjirka parathyroid-ka ee kansarka qaba, iyo sidoo kale unugyada ku xeeran, muruqyada, iyo neerfayaasha.
• Qalliinka burooyinka: Qalliinkan, dhakhtarka qalliinka ayaa ka saaraya burooyinka inta ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah. Burooyinka qaar waxaa laga yaabaa inaan si buuxda loo saarin.
• Qalliinka 'Metastasectomy': Qalliinkan, wuxuu ka saarayaa kansar kasta oo ku faafay (metastasized) unugyada kale iyo/ama xubnaha jirkaaga, tusaale ahaan, sambabada.

Ma qaadan doonaa kiimoterabi ama daaweyn shucaac ah?

Daaweynta kiimikada iyo shucaaca badanaa looma isticmaalo daaweynta kansarka parathyroid. Dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu go'aamin doonaa haddii daaweynta kiimoterabiga iyo/ama shucaaca ay yihiin ikhtiyaar kugu habboon.

Ma jiraa daawo loogu talagalay kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid'?

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, ma jiraan daawooyin gaar ah oo loogu talagalay kansarka parathyroid. Dad badan oo qaba kansarka parathyroid waxay yeeshaan calaamado ah hypercalcemia. Maadaama hypercalcemia ay waxyeello yeelan karto, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kuu qori karaa mid ama in ka badan daawooyinka hypercalcemia ee soo socda:

• Cinacalcet (Cinacalcet - Sensipar®)
• Bisfosfonates
• Denosumab (Denosumab - XGEVA®)

Haddii aad leedahay calaamado daran oo ah hypercalcemia, dhakhtarkaagu wuxuu kugula talin karaa inaad isla markiiba isbitaalka gasho oo aad bilowdo dareere xididka ah (IV) iyo daaweyn kale.

Kansarkayga parathyroid ma soo laaban karaa?

Haa, in ka badan kala bar dadka laga helo kansarka parathyroid-ka ayaa yeelan kara soo noqoshada kansarka.Kansarka badanaa wuxuu soo noqdaa dhowr sano gudahood - badanaa inta u dhaxaysa laba iyo shan sano. Laakiin xaaladaha qaarkood, waxay dhici kartaa tobanaan sano (20 sano ama ka badan) ka dib marka la ogaado cudurkaaga iyo daaweyntaada bilowga ah.

Kansarkani ma ku faafi karaa (metastasize) qaybaha kale ee jirka?

Haa, kansarka parathyroid-ka wuxuu ku faafi karaa (metastasize) qaybaha kale ee jirkaaga. Inta u dhaxaysa 10% iyo 30% dadka qaba kansarka parathyroid-ka ayaa kansarku horey ugu faafay (metastatic) waqtiga lagu ogaanayo cudurka. Xaaladahan, kansarku wuxuu inta badan ku faafaa sambabadaada, lafahaaga, ama beerkaaga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuxuu sidoo kale ku faafi karaa qanjidhadaada limfaha ama ganacaaga.

Waa maxay saadaasha kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid'?

Saadaasha kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid' waxay ku xiran tahay sida qalliinka looga saarayo qanjirka 'parathyroid' uu u dhammaystirmo marka ugu horreysa ee lagu ogaado, maadaama fursadaha daaweynta labaad sida daaweynta shucaaca iyo kiimoterabiga ay xaddidan yihiin.

Dadka qaba kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid' ee laga saaray unugyada 'en bloc' isla markaana leh faa'iidooyin taban, heerka badbaadada wuxuu gaarayaa 90% shan sano ka dib qalliinka bilowga ah. Heerka badbaadada sidoo kale wuxuu gaarayaa 67% toban sano ka dib qalliinka bilowga ah.

In ka badan kala bar dadka laga helo kansarka parathyroid-ka oo qalliin looga saaro qanjirka ayaa la kulma soo noqoshada kansarka. Xaaladahan, kansarku badanaa wuxuu soo noqdaa laba ilaa shan sano gudahood qalliinka bilowga ah. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, wuu soo laaban karaa tobanaan sano ka dib.

Ma laga hortagi karaa Kansarka Parathyroid?

Nasiib darro, ma jirto si loo ogaado in laga hortago kansarka parathyroid. Sidoo kale, ma jirto si loo yareeyo khatarta ah inuu cudurkan ku dhaco. Haddii qof qoyskaaga ka mid ah uu qabo xaalado qanjirka parathyroid ah, waa fikrad wanaagsan inaad la hadasho dhakhtarkaaga.

Su'aalo noocee ah ayaan weydiiyaa dhakhtarkayga?

Haddii aad qabto kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid', waxaa laga yaabaa inaad rabto inaad dhakhtarkaaga weydiiso su'aalo sidan oo kale ah:

• Kansarka ma ku faafay meel ka baxsan qanjirka 'parathyroid'-kayga?
• Waa maxay daaweynta ugu fiican ee kansarka qanjirka 'parathyroid'?
• Waa maxay khataraha iyo waxyeellooyinka ka dhasha daawaynta?
• Qoyskaygu ma halis ugu jiraan inuu ku dhaco kansarka parathyroid-ka?
• Ma mar kale qaadi karaa kansarka parathyroid-ka?
• Ma halis ugu jiraa inaan qaado noocyo kale oo kansar ah?
• Daryeelkee dabagal ah ayaan u baahan doonaa daaweynta ka dib?
• Ma inaan ka warqabaa astaamaha dhibaatooyinka?

Ugu dambeyntii, waxyaabo la xasuusto

In kansar lagu ogaado waxay noqon kartaa wax cabsi leh. Laakiin xasuuso,Kooxdaada caafimaadku waxay halkan u joogaan inay ku caawiyaan oo ay ku tusaan daaweynta ugu fiican. In kasta oo qalliinku hadda yahay daaweynta kaliya ee kansarka parathyroid, haddana cilmi-baarista iyo daawaynta kansarku si joogto ah ayay u soo hagaagayaan. Xitaa waxaa jiri kara tijaabo caafimaad oo aad ka qayb qaadan karto. Markaa, ha ka baqin inaad dhakhtarkaaga weydiiso su'aalo ku saabsan kansarka parathyroid-kaaga. Hubi in wax walba lagu sharraxay si aad u fahamto.

Kansarka Parathyroid , Qanjidhada Parathyroid, Hypercalcemia, Hormoonka Parathyroid, PTH, Calaamadaha Kansarka, Daaweynta Kansarka, Qalliinka