Ingaba ziingqele ezincinci ezikhula emathunjini kwaye kunzima ukuzinyanga? Makhe sithethe nge (Diverticulitis)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe ube neentlungu esiswini, ingakumbi kwicala lasekhohlo elisezantsi lesisu sakho? Okanye ngamanye amaxesha uzive ngathi unomkhuhlane kunye nokudumba? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zeemeko ezithile zonyango, nangona ngamanye amaxesha singazinaki kangako. Yiyo loo nto le meko, efuna ingqalelo encinci, ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Diverticulitis). Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kulungile?

Yintoni le `(Diverticulitis)`?

Ngamafutshane, i-diverticulitis kuxa kwakheka iingxowa ezincinci ngaphakathi kwekholoni yakho - sizibiza ngokuba yi-diverticula - ezisuleleka, zibe namanxeba, kwaye zivuvuke. Cinga ngayo njengeebhamuza ezincinci ezikhula eludongeni lwekholoni yakho, kwaye amasuntswana okutya kunye nendle zinamathela kuzo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iintsholongwane zikhule kwaye zikosulele.

Abantu abaninzi bakhula ezi ngxowa zibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Diverticula)` emathunjini abo njengoko bekhula. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-`(Diverticulosis)`. Oko kukuthi, ezo ngxowa zincinci zikhona emathunjini, kodwa azibangeli ngxaki. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu onengxaki ngale nto. Nangona kunjalo, kuphela xa enye yezo ngxowa zincinci isulelekile apho intlungu enzima kunye nezinye iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kuthetha ukuba kukho 'usulelo' ngaphakathi kuyo, kwaye kufuneka ufumane unyango ngoko nangoko.

Ixhaphake kangakanani iDiverticulitis?

I-diverticulosis endiyikhankanyileyo ngaphambili, eyenzeka kwiingxowa ezincinci emathunjini, inokwenzeka kubantu abaninzi emva kweminyaka engama-50-60. Nangona kunjalo, usulelo lwezo ngxowa, olubizwa ngokuba yi-diverticulitis, aluxhaphakanga kangako. Malunga ne-4% yabantu abane-diverticulosis bahlakulela i-diverticulitis. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba abantu abalikhulu bane-diverticulosis, bane kuphela abaya kuphuhlisa i-diverticulitis. Kodwa ukuba iyenzeka kube kanye, kukho amathuba angama-20% okuba iphinde yenzeke. Ke ngoko, kungcono abo bakhe bayifumana kanye ukuba balumke ngakumbi.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-diverticulitis?

Ewe, oogqirha bayahlula oku ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:

1. I-Acute and Chronic Diverticulitis.

2. Ayinzima kwaye iyinkimbinkimbi (i-Diverticulitis).

Ngoku makhe sijonge nganye kwezi.

Yintoni i-Acute / Chronic Diverticulitis?

I-Diverticulitis idla ngokuqala njengengxaki ekhawulezileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba esi sifo sifika ngequbuliso, sineentlungu eziqatha kunye neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, size siphile kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva konyango.

Kodwa kwabanye abantu, isenokuphinda ivele. Njengokuba abanye abantu benezifo eziphindaphindayo ezifana ne-asthma. Kwabanye, usulelo lunokuba yinto engapheliyo. Oko kukuthi, alubi ngcono ngokupheleleyo, kodwa luhlala lusiba mandundu. Kukho iingcamango ezahlukeneyo malunga nokuba kutheni oku kusenzeka. Kusenokuba kungenxa yokuba ukugula ngequbuliso akuphucuki ngokupheleleyo, okanye kunokunxulunyaniswa nenye imeko yexesha elide emathunjini akho.

Yintoni i-Diverticulitis engantsonkothanga/eyinkimbinkimbi?

Uninzi lwexesha, malunga ne-80% yamatyala, i-diverticulitis ayinzima. Oko kuthetha ukuba ingxaki kusulelo olukwiingxowa zamathumbu, ngamanye amaxesha lusulelo oluncinci. Ukuba lunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, lunokunyangeka lula.

I-Diverticulitis iba nzima xa usulelo lubangela ezinye iingxaki. Oku kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Umzekelo, usulelo olunzima lunokubangela ukuba i-diverticulum (isikhwama) iqhekeke. Oku kunokubangela ukuba umxholo wamathumbu uvuzele esiswini. Usulelo oluhlala ixesha elide lunokubangela amanxeba amathumbu, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba amathumbu avaleke.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Diverticulitis)`?

Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu, kodwa ezona zinto ziphambili onokuzibona zezi:

• Intlungu yesisu: Olu luphawu oluphambili. Ludla ngokuba qatha.
• Ukudumba okanye ukuziva amathumbu ebamba: Isisu sinokuvakala ngathi sidumbile, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha sinokuziva ngathi inxalenye yamathumbu iyabamba xa ichukunyiswa.
• Umkhuhlane: Ungafumana umkhuhlane ukuba umzimba wakho ushushu kakhulu.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kunokuhamba nesicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukopha emqolo: Igazi lisenokudlula kwindle .
• Ukuqhina okanye mhlawumbi urhudo: Ukuqhina kwesisu yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo, kodwa iimeko ezifana norhudo nazo azifane zenzeke.

Injani intlungu xa une-diverticulitis?

Nokuba unesifo se-diverticulitis ngequbuliso okanye uqhushumbe lwemeko ekhoyo, intlungu iyafana kakhulu. Kwixesha elinzima, intlungu isenokuvela ngequbuliso. Kwixesha elingapheliyo, intlungu inokunyuka kancinci kancinci kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Intlungu ivakala kanye apho ikhoyo i-diverticulum enesifo. Ingavakala njengentlungu ebukhali okanye imvakalelo yokutsha. Intlungu idla ngokuba phakathi ukuya kweyona inzima.

Iphi intlungu evakalayo esiswini?

Le yinyaniso enomdla. Kubantu abazalwa eYurophu, ezi ngxowa zibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Diverticula)` zihlala zikhula kwinxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu amakhulu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Sigmoid Colon)`. Le ikwicala lasekhohlo lesisu sakho esisezantsi, ize ijike kancinci iye ngasekunene ukuze idibane ne-rectum. Yiyo loo nto uninzi lwabantu lufumana iintlungu ze-`(Diverticulitis)` kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu sabo esisezantsi. Ngamanye amaxesha le ntlungu yesisu esisezantsi inokusasazeka iye kwi-pelvis kwanasemva.

Nangona kunjalo, kubantu baseAsia (njengathi), le meko `(Diverticulosis)` inokwenzeka kakhulu kwisiqingatha sasekunene esiphezulu sekholoni. Kwimeko enjalo, intlungu `(Diverticulitis)` inokuvela kwisiqingatha sasekunene esiphezulu sesisu.

Zithini izizathu ze-diverticulitis?

Isizathu esiphambili sosulelo lwezo zingxobo zibizwa ngokuba yi-"diverticula" kukuba kuvela umngxuma omncinci okanye umngxuma (''ukrazula'`) eludongeni lwazo, okuvumela iintsholongwane ukuba zingene zibangele "usulelo." Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, akucaci kakuhle ukuba umngxuma uqala na, okanye ukuba iintsholongwane ziqala na ukusuleleka.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba into efana nelindle inamathela kuloo ngxowa incinci, yindawo efanelekileyo yokukhula kweentsholongwane. Emva koko, ngenxa yosulelo lweentsholongwane, inokudumba, yenzeke, kwaye udonga lwaloo ``(Diverticulum)`` lunokuqhekeka.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba udonga lwesingxobo lukrazuka ngesinye isizathu (umzekelo, isiqwenga esiqinileyo sesitulo xa uphuma esitulweni), neebhaktheriya ezihlala emathunjini zinokungena ngokulula ngesingxobo zize zibangele usulelo. Ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba usulelo lweentsholongwane ezifana ne-"Cytomegalovirus - CMV" nazo zinokuba negalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwe-"(Diverticulitis)``.

Ngaba iDiverticulitis idluliselwa kwilifa?

I-Diverticulitis idla ngokuvela ngengozi. Oko kukuthi, ayisosifo esizuzwa ngqo njengelifa. Nangona kunjalo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-diverticulosis, eyenzeka kwiingxowa emathunjini, inokuba nefuthe elithile kwimfuza. Umzekelo, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, abantu baseYurophu kuthiwa banezikhwama ezininzi kwenye inxalenye yamathumbu, ngelixa abantu baseAsia benezikhwama ezininzi kwenye inxalenye. Oku kunokuchatshazelwa zizifo zemfuza. Kwakhona, iimfuza zinokuchaphazela indlela umntu anokuba sesichengeni ngayo sosulelo olungapheliyo. Oku kuphandwa ngakumbi.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-diverticulitis?

Uninzi lwexesha, malunga ne-80% yamatyala, i-diverticulitis iyaphela ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iba nzima okanye iyaqhubeka, ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zinokwenzeka:

• Ukopha kwamathumbu: Ukopha ngenxa ye-diverticula kunokuba nzima kwaye kunokubangela i-anemia. Cinga nje, ukuba uqhubeka ukopha, umzimba wakho uza kulahlekelwa ligazi, akunjalo?
• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Ukuba ukudumba kukhulu, amathumbu akho asenokuvaleka okwethutyana. Ukudumba ixesha elide kunokubangela amanxeba (ukuqina) kunye nokuvaleka kwamathumbu ngokusisigxina.
• I-Fistula: Inxalenye yamathumbu eyosulelekileyo nebolileyo inokudibana nomnye umjelo womzimba (umzekelo, amathumbu akho amancinci, isinyi, okanye i-vagina), okwenza umngxuma ongaqhelekanga phakathi kwezi zimbini.
• Ukudumba kwesinyi: Ukuba une-diverticulitis kufutshane nesinyi sakho, inokubangela ukuvaleka kunye nosulelo kwisinyi sakho. Ukuba i-fistula iyenzeka kwisinyi sakho, usulelo lunokusasazeka apho.
• Ithumba: Ithumba yingqokelela yobovu obunokufuna ukukhutshelwa amanzi. Ukuba liyaqhuma, usulelo lunokusasazeka luye kwisisu sakho (i-peritoneal cavity) kwaye lubangele imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-peritonitis. Le yingxamiseko!
• Ukugqobhoka kwamathumbu:Ukuba i-diverticulum idumbile kakhulu ize iqhume, iintsholongwane ezivela emathunjini zinokuvuza ziye kwisisu. Le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-peritonitis, ingakhokelela kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis, olusulelo lwebhaktiriya olusasazeka emzimbeni wonke. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo eyingozi kakhulu!

Kubalulekile: Ezi ngxaki azenzeki kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa kulungile ukwazi ukuba ezi zinto zinokwenzeka.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-diverticulitis enzima?

Ukuba unezi mpawu, unokuba neengxaki ezivela kwi-diverticulitis:

• Ukuba kukho igazi elitsha esitulweni.
• Ukuba ubuso buphaphathekile kwaye umzimba uzive ungenabomi (oku kungaba luphawu lwe-'Anemia').
• Ukuba uziva ngathi kufuneka uchame rhoqo , okanye ukuba utsha okanye unentlungu xa uchama.
• Ukuba isisu sakho siqinile kwaye sibuhlungu xa usichukumisa (oku kungaba luphawu lwe-peritonitis).

Ukuba ubona into efana nale , bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ungayixilonga njani i-`(Diverticulitis)`?

Ukuba wena nogqirha wakho sele nisazi ukuba une-`(Diverticulosis)`, nisenokukrokrela ukuba yi-`(Diverticulitis)` ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ozifumanayo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abazi ukuba bane-`(Diverticulosis). Ngaphezu koko, iimpawu ze-`(Diverticulitis)` zinokufana nezo zezinye izifo ezininzi zesisu.

Ngoko ke, ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze mhlawumbi enze uvavanyo olusisiseko, olufana novavanyo lwegazi (`iphaneli epheleleyo ye-metabolic`), uvavanyo lwesitulo, kunye novavanyo lomchamo.

Emva koko, ukuba kukho i-diverticulitis erhanelwayo, kuya kufuneka uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. I-CT scan lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Ingafumanisa ngokukhawuleza ubungakanani bosulelo kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iingxaki. Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukujonga ngaphakathi kwikholoni yakho ngesixhobo esikhanyayo (ityhubhu enekhamera eqhotyoshelwe kuyo). Ezinye iingxaki zinokunyangwa ngaxeshanye ne-colonoscopy.

Ngaba i-diverticulitis iyaphola ngokwayo?

Ukuba isifo sincinci kwaye asinzima , sinokuba ngcono ngokwaso. Kodwa ungalindi nje ude ubone ugqirha. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze ufumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki. Kusenokufuneka uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane xa unentsholongwane. Abanye abantu banokufuna amayeza entlungu abhalwe ngugqirha. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika nemiyalelo yokuba ungahlala njani ekhaya ude uphile. Kuya kuthatha malunga neveki ukuze uphile. Kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho ngelo xesha.

Indlela yokunyanga i-diverticulitis ekhaya?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uyakuvumela, ungayinyanga ekhaya ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ukutya okumanzi: Ukuphepha ukutya okuqinileyo kunika amathumbu akho ukuphumla kwaye kukunceda uphile emva kokugula. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela kanye ukuba utye ntoni kwaye kufuneka uhlale ixesha elingakanani kolu hlobo lokutya.
• `Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane` amiselwe ngugqirha: Asinguye wonke umntu owadingayo, kodwa ukuba uyawadinga, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza oza kuwathatha uye nawo ekhaya. Uhlobo lwe-`amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane` luxhomekeke kuhlobo 'losulelo' onalo.
• I-Acetaminophen: Kwizithomalalisi zentlungu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwe-odolo (OTC) ezifumaneka kwikhemesti, kungcono ukusebenzisa into efana ne-Acetaminophen (umz. iTylenol®).

Amayeza okungasebenzisi xa une-diverticulitis

Oogqirha bacebisa ukuba ungasebenzisi amayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) xa une-diverticulitis, kuba anokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha kwegazi kwi-GI. Ezi NSAID ziquka:

• I-Aspirin (umz. iBayer® okanye iSt. Joseph®)
• `Ibuprofen` (umz. `Motrin®` okanye `Advil®`)
• `Naproxen sodium` (umz. `Aleve®`)

Kuthekani ukuba i-diverticulitis ayinyangwa?

Ukuba unemeko ethambileyo nenganzima, usenokungadingi unyango. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho nge-diverticulitis yakho. Ukuba awuyenzi loo nto, ungagqibela unemeko enzima ngakumbi kunye neengxaki. Kukho ezinye izifo ezingaphiliyo ngaphandle kwee-antibiotics okanye ii-antivirals. Iintsholongwane ezingaphiliyo zinokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki. Iintlungu nazo zinokuba nzima.

Yintoni onokuyenza ukunyanga i-diverticulitis?

Ukuba unyango olulula lwasekhaya aluncedi, okanye ukuba une-diverticulitis enzima, yexesha elide, okanye enzima, unokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango. Unyango olunokunikwa esibhedlele luquka:

• Amayeza e-IV: Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane nge- IV (njengesisombululo se-saline). Ngale ndlela, amayeza aya ngqo egazini lakho, ukuze asebenze ngokukhawuleza. Amayeza okubulala iintlungu nawo anokunikwa ngale ndlela. Abanye abantu banokufuna ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintlungu anamandla njengee-opioids xa bebuhlungu kakhulu.
• Utofelo-gazi: Ukuba ulahlekelwe ligazi elininzi ngenxa ye-diverticulum ephuma igazi, unokufuna utofelo-gazi olungxamisekileyo ukuze kuthathelwe indawo utofelo-gazi olo.
• Iinkqubo ze-Endoscopic: Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa i-colonoscope okanye i-sigmoidoscope (ezi ziintlobo zee-endoscopes ezijonga ngaphakathi kwekholoni) ukunyanga iingxaki ezincinci. Umzekelo, zinokumisa ukopha, zikhuphe ithumba, okanye zandise indawo evalekileyo yekholoni.
• Utyando:Abanye abantu banokufuna utyando lwethumba, ukopha okungapheliyo, ukugqobhoka, okanye i-fistula. Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abane-diverticulitis engapheliyo banokufuna utyando lokususa inxalenye echaphazelekayo yekholoni (i-colectomy). Oku kunokubandakanya i-colostomy yexeshana, eyityhubhu efakwa ecaleni lesisu ukuze kukhutshwe amanzi esitulweni.

Ngaba i-diverticulitis ingathintelwa ukuba ingenzeki okanye iphindaphindeke?

Inyaniso kukuba, oogqirha abakaqondi ngokupheleleyo ukuba kutheni i-diverticulitis ikhula okanye iphinda ibuye. Ngoko ke kunzima ukutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ungayithintela njani. Kodwa bacinga ukuba ukugcina impilo entle yamathumbu ngokubanzi kunokunceda .

• Yitya ukutya okusekwe kwizityalo ngakumbi kwaye unciphise amafutha ezilwanyana.
• Ukusela amanzi aneleyo imini yonke.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.

Ezi zinto zinokunceda ukuhamba kwamathumbu akho kuhambe kakuhle. Kwabanye abantu, oogqirha banokucebisa izongezo zefayibha okanye iiprobiotics.

Kwakukho inkolelo yakudala yokuba abantu abane-diverticulosis akufanele batye amandongomane, kuba anokubhajwa kwi-diverticulum aze abangele i-diverticulitis. Oku ngoku kuthathwa njengentsomi. Amandongomane ngumthombo olungileyo wefayibha kunye neproteni esekwe kwizityalo. Ke ngoko, endaweni yokukhathazeka ngokubhajwa ngamandongomane ngengozi kwikholoni yakho, kungcono ukutya ukutya okunempilo nokulinganiselayo.

Yintoni esinokuyilindela kule meko?

Ipesenti encinci kakhulu yabantu iba ne-diverticulitis enzima. Kubo, bambalwa kuphela abafuna utyando. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-diverticulitis enzima inokunyangeka ngokukhawuleza nangokupheleleyo. I-Diverticulitis ayizukuchaphazela ubomi bakho obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, umngcipheko kuphela kukuba kukho ingxaki engaqhelekanga, esongela ubomi, njengokugqobhoka kwamathumbu okanye ukuqhuma kwethumba. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba i-diverticulitis iyaqhubeka nokukhula?

Ukuba awukwazi ukuthintela i-diverticulitis ukuba iphindaphindeke nangona utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo nendlela ophila ngayo, usenokuba nezinye izinto eziyandisa umngcipheko wakho. Umzekelo, abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka banokufumana izifo rhoqo kwaye bathathe ixesha elide ukuba baphile. Abantu abanezifo zokuzikhusela komzimba banamathuba amaninzi okufumana izifo ezingapheliyo. Ukulinganisela kweebhaktheriya ezahlukeneyo ezihlala emathunjini akho kunokuchaphazela inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela.

Oogqirha abanakusoloko bechaza ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kutheni abanye abantu behlala befumana i-diverticulitis. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe waba nayo ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye kwaye ubuncinci ube nengxaki enye, banokucebisa ukuba unqunyulwe amathumbu ngokukhetha, oluyinkqubo yotyando lokususa inxalenye encinci yamathumbu akho ebangela ingxaki . Ukuba ayingongxamiseko, inokwenziwa rhoqo kutyando olunye ngaphandle kotyando lwe-colostomy.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Ngoko ke, `(Diverticulitis)` yingxaki enokwenzeka kubantu abane `(Diverticulosis)`, kodwa ayiqhelekanga kangako. `(Diverticulitis)` ayinakwenzeka kangako ukuba ibangele ezinye iingxaki. Kodwa ukuba iyenzeka kuwe, unokufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu ze-`(Diverticulitis)` ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Baza kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo lonyango olufunekayo, nokuba ungalunyanga ekhaya okanye nokuba kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele. Ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwexesha le meko inokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye uya kuphila ngokukhawuleza. Nyamekela impilo yamathumbu akho, kulungile?

I- Diverticulitis, usulelo lwamathumbu amakhulu, iintlungu zesisu, i-diverticulosis, isifo samathumbu, i-colonoscopy, inkqubo yokugaya ukutya