Ngaba elinye lamehlo omntwana wakho libonakala "livila"? Masithethe nge-Amblyopia/Lazy Eye!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba umntwana wakho ujonga ngeliso elinye kuphela, okanye intloko yakhe ityekele kwelinye icala? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinto zinokubonakala ngathi zizinto ezincinci, kodwa zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Amblyopia. Oku kubizwa ngabantu abaninzi ngokuba yi-"lazy eye". Nangona kunjalo, oku akusiyo nje imeko yobuvila kumntwana okanye kwiliso. Esi sisifo sempilo esifuna unyango olufanelekileyo. Ngaba singathetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha?

Yintoni i-Amblyopia? Ngamafutshane...

I-Amblyopia yimeko echaphazela ukukwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo ngamehlo omabini. Idla ngokuvela xa umntwana esemncinci kakhulu okanye esengumntwana. Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, imeko inokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntwana une-amblyopia, umbono wakhe awubonakali kwelinye iliso, kodwa elinye iliso lakhe liyakwazi ukubona ngokucacileyo. Emva koko, ingqondo iqala ukungawunaki kancinci kancinci iliso elingabonakali kwaye iqale ukubona kuphela ngeliso elihle. Xa oku kusenzeka, ingqondo ixhomekeke kuphela kwiliso elinamandla, kwaye umbono kwiliso elibuthathaka uba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-amblyopia yimeko enzima ekufuneka inyangwe yingcali yamehlo.

Abantu abaninzi bayibiza le nto ngokuthi "liliso elivilaphayo" okanye "umbono ovilaphayo," kodwa oko akuchanekanga ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba umntwana une-amblyopia akuthethi ukuba uyavilapha okanye amehlo akhe ayavilapha. Abakhethi ukuba nombono ofipheleyo, kwaye asiyonto bayenzileyo eyabangela oko. Kubalulekile ukuyiqonda le nto.

I-Amblyopia ayisiyongxaki "yobuvila" yomntwana okanye yeliso, yingxaki ngophuhliso lonxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo neliso.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, i-amblyopia yeyona nto iphambili ebangela ukulahleka kokubona kubantwana abancinci. Kuthiwa le meko ichaphazela malunga ne-5% yabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-15 ubudala. Oku kuthetha ukuba ixhaphake kakhulu kunokuba sicinga.

Ngaba nomntwana wakho unazo ezi mpawu?

Akusoloko kulula ukubona ukuba umntwana wakho une-amblyopia. Uninzi lwabantwana lufunyaniswa ukuba luneso sifo emva kokuhlolwa kwamehlo ngugqirha okanye yingcali yamehlo.

Nangona kunjalo, ungayifumana ingcamango ethile ngale nto kwezinye zeendlela umntwana aziphatha ngazo. Umntwana one-amblyopia unokwenza izinto ezinje:

• Ukungqubana nezinto (ingakumbi kwicala elinye lomzimba). Umzekelo, xa udlala, uhlala ungqubana nomlenze wetafile okanye isitulo kwicala elinye.
• Ukunika ubunzima obungakumbi kwelinye icala lomzimba, okanye ukusebenzisa elo cala.
• Iliso elinye livaliwe, okanye amehlo acinywe amehlo.
• Ndisoloko ndijika intloko yam iye ecaleni. Mhlawumbi xa ndibukele iTV okanye ndifunda incwadi.
• Amehlo anokuba angqukuva.
• Iliso elinye linokugoba (iliso eligobileyo).

Ukuba ubona into efana nale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo.

Iliso eline-amblyopia libona njani?

Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba umntwana une-amblyopia, usenokungaluboni utshintsho kwindlela abonakala ngayo amehlo akhe. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantwana, iliso elichaphazelekileyo lisenokungahambelani neliso elinamandla, kodwa lisenokubonakala ngathi liphambukile kancinci ecaleni, okanye lisenokubonakala ngathi likhomba kwelinye icala ngaphandle kwelo ajonge kulo.

Kutheni i-amblyopia ikhula? Zithini izizathu?

I-Amblyopia ibangelwa yinto ebangela umahluko ekuboneni phakathi kwamehlo omntwana omabini, okanye umahluko kwindlela agxila ngayo kwizinto. Izizathu eziphambili zezinye iingxaki zokubona okanye iingxaki zesakhiwo emehlweni. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na:

1. Iimpazamo zokuhombisa

Impazamo yokujika amehlo yingxaki enxulumene nokuma okanye ukukwazi ukugxila kwamehlo akho okubangela ukubona okufipheleyo. Ukuba umntwana unempazamo enjalo kwaye ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokukhokelela kwi-amblyopia. Iimpazamo zokujika amehlo ezinokubangela i-amblyopia ebantwaneni zezi:

• I-Myopia: Ukungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacileyo.
• I-Hyperopia: Ukungakwazi ukubona izinto ezikufutshane ngokucacileyo.
• I-Astigmatism: Isiphene sokubona esibangelwa yi-cornea yeliso ukuba imile okweqanda, kunokuba ibe yingqukuva.

2. I-Strabismus (iliso elinqamlezileyo)

I-Strabismus, okanye njengoko sonke sisazi, kuxa amehlo engahambelani kwaye ekhomba kwicala elahlukileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, amehlo ethu ahamba kunye kwaye ngaxeshanye. Ukuba iliso lomntwana elinye liyahamba lingahambelani nelinye, ingqondo yakhe isenokuqala ukunikela ingqalelo engakumbi kwelinye iliso. Oku kukwangunobangela omkhulu we-amblyopia.

3. Iimeko zamehlo ezakhiweyo

Nasiphi na isigulo esichaphazela indlela asebenza ngayo amehlo omntwana sinokubangela ukubona okufipheleyo kunye ne-amblyopia. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Iinkophe ezigobileyo (i-Ptosis): Ingakumbi ukuba inkophe enye iwele yada yafikelela kwinqanaba apho igquma iliso lomntwana.
• IiCataracts: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeliso.
• Iingxaki ze-cornea: Iingxaki ngenxalenye ecacileyo yomphambili weliso.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-amblyopia?

Nawuphi na umntwana unokuba ne-amblyopia. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ezenza abantwana babe namathuba amaninzi okufumana i-amblyopia. Ezi zinto ziquka:

• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho (onxulumene nebhayoloji) onengxaki yamehlo nokubona.
• Ukuba kukho ukulibaziseka kophuhliso.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha - kuthetha ukuzalwa ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-37.
• Ubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa - Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana unobunzima obungaphantsi kwama-2500 grams (iiponti ezi-5 ii-ounces ezi-8) xa ezalwa.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ayinyangwa? Zithini iingxaki ezibangelwa yiyo?

Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-amblyopia inokuchaphazela ngokusisigxina umbono womntwana. Kwimeko embi kakhulu, iliso elichaphazelekileyo linokulahlekelwa umbono walo ngokupheleleyo.

Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi! Le meko inokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ifunyaniswe kwaye inyangwe kwangethuba. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuyibona kwangethuba.

Uyifumana njani le nto? (Ukuxilongwa)

I-Amblyopia ixilongwa yingcali yezempilo, okanye ingcali yamehlo. Oogqirha bajonga i-amblyopia ngexesha lovavanyo lweklinikhi lwabantwana rhoqo. Bahlola amehlo omntwana (kuquka nangaphakathi). Bajonga nokuba umntwana ubona kakuhle kangakanani na. Bajonga naziphi na iingxaki ezinokubangela ukuba amehlo omntwana angasebenzi kakuhle.

Ugqirha uhlala efumanisa i-amblyopia ngaphambi kokuba uqaphele naziphi na iimpawu ekhaya. Abantwana abaninzi bancinci kakhulu ukuba bangaqaphela ukuba umbono wabo uye waba mandundu okanye utshintshile xa kufunyaniswa i-amblyopia. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela umntwana wakho abamba ngayo intloko yakhe okanye asebenzisana ngayo nezinto ezimngqongileyo, xelela ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo.

Siyiphatha njani le nto?

Ingcali yakho yamehlo inyanga i-amblyopia ngokunyanzela ingqondo yomntwana ukuba isebenzise iliso elibuthathaka. Oku kulungisa kwaye komeleze unxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo yomntwana namehlo, kulungisa imeko ye-amblyopia.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwe-amblyopia zezi:

• Ipetshi yamehlo: Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ngempazamo ukuba xa ipetshi isetyenziswa ukulungisa i-amblyopia, liliso elichaphazelekileyo, okanye "elivila," elipetshiweyo. Enyanisweni, okuchaseneyo noko kuyinyani. Umntwana wakho kufuneka anxibe ipetshi yamehlo enamandla (ebukekayo) ubuncinane iiyure ezimbalwa ngosuku. Xa iliso elinamandla lingasaboni, ingqondo yomntwana inyanzelekile ukuba isebenzise imifanekiso evela kwiliso elibuthathaka. Oku kuyawomeleza neliso elibuthathaka.
• Iiglasi zamehlo: Ukunxiba iiglasi kungalungisa iimpazamo zokuhombisa ezibangela i-amblyopia. Nje ukuba umbono womntwana wakho uphucuke, ingqondo yakhe inokuqalisa ukusebenzisa omabini amehlo kwakhona. Umntwana wakho usenokufuna iiglasi nezinye iindlela zonyango ngaxeshanye.
• Amathontsi eliso asebenzisa amayeza: Ingcali yakho yamehlo ingabeka amathontsi eliso asebenzisa amayeza (ngokuqhelekileyo i-atropine) kwiliso lomntwana wakho elingcono. Eli yeza liyalifiphaza okwethutyana elo liso, linyanzelisa ingqondo yakhe ukuba isebenzise iliso lakhe elibuthathaka. La mathontsi eliso akhuselekile kwaye awayi konakalisa ngokusisigxina umbono womntwana wakho kwiliso lakhe elingcono.
• Utyando lwe-Amblyopia: Utyando lokulungisa i-amblyopia aluqhelekanga. Umntwana wakho unokufuna utyando kuphela ukuba unesifo esifana ne-cataracts okanye enye ingxaki yamehlo engenakulungiswa ngaphandle kotyando. Ingcali yamehlo iya kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lotyando umntwana wakho aza kulufuna kunye noko angakulindela.

Uninzi lwabantwana luya kufuna unyango lwe-amblyopia ubuncinane iinyanga ezimbalwa. Nokuba umntwana wakho ufuna unyango luni na, kubalulekile ukubakhuthaza ukuba baqhubeke nalo logama nje ingcali yamehlo ibacebisa.

Kunokuba nzima ebantwaneni ukuziqhelanisa notshintsho emehlweni abo nakwimbono yabo, ingakumbi xa befumana unyango lwe-amblyopia. Khumbuza umntwana wakho ukuba kutheni kubalulekile ukunxiba i-eye patch, iiglasi, okanye amaconsi amehlo abo. Mncome xa evuma unyango, kwaye umkhuthaze ukuba asebenzise amehlo akhe abuthathaka. Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana wakho (kunye nawe) unokuziva edanile. Oko kuqhelekile. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nobabini nisebenzisane ukuphucula umbono wakhe.

Ngaba oku kunganyangwa ngokuzivocavoca amehlo?

Akukho bungqina bokuba umthambo wamehlo unokunyanga okanye unyange i-amblyopia. Ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokucebisa umntwana wakho ukuba enze imisebenzi ethile (njengokudlala imidlalo okanye ukusombulula iiphazili) ngelixa enxibe i-eye patch okanye esebenzisa amaconsi amehlo anonyango. Le misebenzi inokunceda ukuqinisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo yakhe neliso elibuthathaka. Nangona kunjalo, akukho mthambo okanye iintshukumo zamehlo ezithile ezinokulungisa i-amblyopia.

Ndingayithintela le nto ukuba ingenzeki?

I-Amblyopia, okanye ezinye iingxaki zokubona ezibangela oku, azinakuthintelwa. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ngamehlo nakukubona komntwana wakho kukujonga amehlo akhe rhoqo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela kumntwana one-amblyopia?

I-Amblyopia yimeko enokunyangeka kakhulu xa ifunyenwe kwangethuba. Abantwana abane-amblyopia abaqala unyango kwangethuba banamathuba amaninzi okuba nombono ongcono kunye nemiphumo engaphantsi kwexesha elide.

Ingcali yakho yamehlo iya kucebisa unyango oluza kunceda umntwana wakho abone ngcono kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Kusenokufuneka anxibe iilensi zokulungisa amehlo, ezifana neeglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana, ubomi bakhe bonke.

Ngaba oku kuya kuba ngcono ngokwako? Ngaba kuya kuphela njengoko umntwana ekhula?

Hayi, i-amblyopia ayipholi yodwa, kwaye ayipheli njengoko abantwana bekhula. Ukuba ayinyangwa, i-amblyopia inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zokubona ezingapheliyo, kuquka ubumfama kwiliso elichaphazelekayo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhumbula.

Amehlo omntwana kufuneka ahlolwe kangaphi?

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwamehlo nombono womntwana wakho yingcali yamehlo kunokunceda ekufumaneni naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba. Ugqirha wabantwana kufuneka ahlole amehlo omntwana wakho rhoqo xa evavanywa ade abe mdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba aqale isikolo, aze emva koko kube kanye ngonyaka okanye emibini emva koko.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Bona ugqirha okanye ingcali yamehlo ngoko nangoko ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela umntwana wakho aziphethe ngayo, ingakumbi ukuba ubonakala enengxaki yokubona kakuhle okanye engaboni kwaphela. Ukuba umntwana wakho ubeka ubunzima obungaphezulu kwelinye icala lomzimba wakhe kunelinye, okanye ukuba ubonakala engazithembi xa ehambahamba, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Kungcono ukubuza le mibuzo xa ubona ugqirha:

• Yintoni ebangela i-amblyopia?
• Luluphi unyango olufunekayo kumntwana wam?
• Umntwana wam uza kuyidinga ixesha elingakanani unyango lwe-amblyopia?
• Ngaba uza kufuna utyando?
• Ungacebisa iindlela zokwenza umntwana wam avume unyango?

Ingaba le meko iba mandundu xa umntu ekhula?

I-Amblyopia inokunyangeka, kodwa ukuba ayinyangwanga kwiminyaka yokuqala yomntwana, inokubangela iingxaki zokubona ezingapheliyo.

Nangona i-amblyopia inokunyangeka kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abadala, ithatha ixesha elide kwaye idla ngokuba neziphumo ezibi. Ke ngoko, ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango zezona zilungileyo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-Amblyopia yingxaki eqhelekileyo yokubona ebantwaneni. Nangona abanye abantu beyibiza ngokuba "liliso elivilaphayo," ayilovila. Khumbula: I-Amblyopia yimeko yezonyango ongenakuyithintela, kwaye akukho nto imbi ngomntwana wakho okanye emehlweni akhe.

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana i-amblyopia kwangethuba kukwenza uvavanyo lwamehlo rhoqo. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuhlolwa kwamehlo omntwana wakho rhoqo xa utyelele ekliniki. Ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo inokucebisa unyango olunokulungisa imeko ye-amblyopia kwaye lubuyisele umbono womntwana wakho kwimeko yawo engcono kakhulu. Ungakhathazeki, ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso yakho, le meko inokoyiswa!

I- Amblyopia, iliso elivilaphayo, ukubona kwabantwana, izifo zamehlo, i-strabismus, amabala amehlo, ukuxilongwa kwamehlo