Indlela eyingozi yokufumana i-meningitis! Masifunde ngqo nge-bacterial meningitis.

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esinzima kancinci, kodwa ekufuneka wonke umntu asiqaphele. Mhlawumbi ukhe weva igama elithi "umkhuhlane wobuchopho"? Olunye uhlobo lwaso oluyingozi kakhulu lubizwa ngokuba yiBacterial Meningitis. Oku akuyonto ihlekisayo, kuba ukuba akunyangelwa ngokukhawuleza, kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko masiyiqonde kakuhle le nto, akunjalo?

Yintoni iBacterial Meningitis? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-meningitis kukudumba kwee-membranes ezikhuselayo (i-meninges) ezijikeleze ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo (intambo yemithambo-luvo ehamba emqolo) . Kufana nokudumba xa umzimba wethu wenzakele. Isizathu esiphambili sale dumba kusulelo olukwi-fluid (i-Cerebrospinal Fluid - CSF) olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo. Ngoku, ukuba le meningitis ibangelwa yibhaktheriya, siyibiza ngokuba yi-bacterial meningitis. Olu lolona hlobo luyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba umntu unezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kuba i-bacterial meningitis inokubangela ukufa kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-viral meningitis kunye ne-bacterial meningitis? Ngaba ziyafana?

Hayi, azifani. Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili ze-meningitis: i-Bacterial Meningitis kunye ne-Viral Meningitis. Zombini zibandakanya ukudumba kwee-membranes ezijikeleze ubuchopho. Nangona kunjalo, i-bacterial meningitis ibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya, ngelixa i-viral meningitis ibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya. I-viral meningitis yeyona ixhaphakileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayibi nzima njenge-bacterial meningitis. Xa i-bacterial meningitis isenzeka, izicubu ezijikeleze ubuchopho ziyadumba, zivale ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni. Oku kunokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni, ekushayweni sisifo sohlangothi, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokufa. Yiyo loo nto sibiza i-bacterial meningitis ngokuba yingxamiseko yezonyango.

Zithini iimpawu ze-bacterial meningitis? Zilumkele ezi!

Iimpawu ze-bacterial meningitis zihlala zibonakala ngequbuliso, ngamanye amaxesha zibonakala nakwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuba sele echaphazelekile yintsholongwane. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi mpawu.

Iimpawu kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abadala:

Nazi ezinye iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele:

• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Intloko ebuhlungu enganyamezelekiyo
• Ukuqina kwentamo, ngokungathi isilevu asinakugotywa ukuze sichukumise isifuba (olu luphawu oluthile)
• Iintlungu zomzimba , njengaxa unesifo somkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane .
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• I-Photophobia - Oku kuthetha ukuba amehlo aziva ngathi ajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa evezwa kukukhanya okanye lilanga.
• Imeko Yengqondo Etshintshileyo
• Ukucaphuka, umsindo okhawulezayo
• Ukulala kancinci kancinci
• Abanye abantu banokuba nesifo sokuxhuzula kwanokufa kwesibetho .

Iimpawu kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci:

Iimpawu zinokwahluka kancinci xa umntwana omncinci efumana esi sifo. Ngoko ke, abazali babantwana abancinci kufuneka baqaphele ngakumbi oku.

• Ukuhlanza okubangelwa ngumkhuhlane
• Ukwala ukutya okanye ukusela
• Ubuthathaka, ubunzima bokuvuka, okanye ukusabela kancinci xa uvuka (Ukudinwa)
• Ukukhala rhoqo, ukungazinzi
• Umphezulu wentloko (indawo ethambileyo entloko - `iFontanelle`) ubonakala ngathi uvuvukile kwaye udumbile (oku kukwaluphawu oluyingozi)
• Ukuxhuzula

Ingqalelo! Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi, yiya kwicandelo likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa, okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-1990. I-bacterial meningitis sisifo esinokukhokelela kwi-coma kunye nokufa kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Ke ngoko, isantya sibaluleke kakhulu.

Ziziphi iintlobo zebhaktheriya ezibangela i-meningitis?

Kukho malunga neentlobo ezingama-50 zeebhaktheriya ezinokubangela i-meningitis yebhaktheriya. Kodwa nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo nezibalulekileyo:

• Iqela B iStreptococcus
• I-Streptococcus pneumoniae - Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-pneumococcal.
• I-Neisseria meningitidis - Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-meningococcal.
• Umkhuhlane weHaemophilus
• I-Listeria monocytogenes `(iListeria monocytogenes)`
• I-Escherichia coli (E. coli)

Nangona la magama esenokubonakala enzima kancinci, kulungile ukuba uvile kuba oogqirha bayawasebenzisa.

Ikhula njani i-bacterial meningitis?

Cinga ngako oku, uninzi lwezi ntsholongwane zibangela izifo zihlala zikhona kwindawo esikuyo, oko kukuthi, kwindawo esingqongileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ntsholongwane zinokuba sempumlweni nasemqaleni ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki. Usenokungaguli, kodwa omnye umntu osuka kuwe angayifumana le ntsholongwane aze agule. Ezi ntsholongwane zisasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokudibana ngokusondeleyo. Zihlala zisasazeka ngamathontsi amancinci akhutshwa kwindlela yokuphefumla ngamaxesha afana nokuthimla, ukukhohlela, okanye ukwanga.

Ngoko ke ingaba i-bacterial meningitis iyosulela?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo iyosulela. Ukuba une-bacterial meningitis, kufuneka uxelele wonke umntu obesoloko enxibelelene nawe ukuba afune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, athathe unyango lokuthintela ngee-antibiotics. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela abanye ekufumaneni esi sifo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-bacterial meningitis?

Nangona nabani na enokuba nesi sifo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Abantwana abancinci abaphakathi kwenyanga enye ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2 ubudala banamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo.

Ingakhula nakubantu abadala abaneempawu ezithile ezinobungozi. Usemngciphekweni omkhulu ukuba unayo:

• Ingxaki Yokusetyenziswa Kweziyobisi
• Usulelo lwendlebe okanye impumlo oluhlala luhleli, oluhlala ixesha elide
• Ukwenzakala entloko
• I-Pneumococcal pneumonia (usulelo olubi kakhulu lwemiphunga)
• Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka (umzekelo, kubantu abane-HIV, abo bathatha amayeza omhlaza)
• Ukuba i-spleen isusiwe
• Ukuba unezifo ezithile zegazi, ezifana nesifo se-sickle cell

Ukongeza, ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando engqondweni okanye emgogodleni, okanye ukuba unentsholongwane egazini exhaphakileyo, usengozini enkulu yokuba ne-bacterial meningitis. Ngaphezu koko, esi sifo sinokusasazeka nakwiindawo apho abantu abaninzi bahlala kufutshane, njengeendawo zokulala zaseyunivesithi kunye neenkampu zomkhosi .

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-bacterial meningitis? Ezi zinzima kakhulu!

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, inokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni komzimba, ekushayweni sisifo sohlangothi, kwanasekufeni. Nokuba isifo sinyangiwe, abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki ezihlala ixesha elide . Oko kukuthi, iingxaki eziqhubeka emva kokuba isifo siphelile. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukuxhuzula okuphindaphindiweyo.
• Ubunzima bokukhumbula nokungakhathali.
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela, ukulungelelanisa, kunye nokuhamba.
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha.
• Ukuphazamiseka okanye ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo kombono okanye ukuva.

Kuyoyikisa ukuva ezi zinto, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto sithi singasithathi lula esi sifo.

Ifunyanwa njani i-bacterial meningitis? Benza ntoni oogqirha?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-meningitis, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukufuna uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Ugqirha wakho angathumela iisampulu zegazi lakho, umchamo, kunye neeswabs zempumlo/umphimbo ukuze zivavanywe. Kusenokufuneka ukuba uhlatywe i-lumbar puncture (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-spinal tap). Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yolwelo olujikeleze i-spinal cord yakho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), emqolo wakho. Olu lwelo lunokuvavanywa ukuze kuchongwe ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela usulelo kwaye zeziphi iibhaktheriya ezibangela oko.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ugqirha urhanela ukuba une-meningitis, baqale unyango ngoko nangoko, ngaphandle kokulinda iziphumo zovavanyo. Kuba umzuzwana ngamnye woku ufanelekile.

Inyangwa njani i-bacterial meningitis?

Oogqirha banyanga i-bacterial meningitis ngee -antibiotics. La mayeza anikwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Banokukunika ne-corticosteroid ukunciphisa ukudumba kwiinwebu ezijikeleze ingqondo yakho. Nje ukuba uvavanyo luchonge eyona ntsholongwane ibangele usulelo, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha i-antibiotic oyithathayo.

Ngaba ikho igonyo le-bacterial meningitis? Ewe, ziindaba ezimnandi ezi!

Ngethamsanqa, ewe! Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokugonya ezifumanekayo zokukhusela ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili zeebhaktheriya ezibangela i-meningitis yebhaktheriya. Ezi zezi:

• Isitofu sokugonya iMeningococcal: Esi sisixhobo sokukhusela kwintsholongwane i-N. meningitidis.
• Isitofu sokugonya sePneumococcal: Esi sisixhobo sokukhusela kwintsholongwane i-S. pneumoniae.
• Isitofu sokugonya seHaemophilus influenzae type b (Hib): Oku kukhusela kwibhaktiriya yeH. influenzae.

Ezi gonyo zibandakanyiwe kwiNkqubo yeSizwe yokuGonya, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci. Zikwafumaneka nakubantu abadala abasengozini enkulu. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngale nto.

Ziziphi ezinye iindlela zokuthintela i-bacterial meningitis?

Ukongeza kwiigonyo, kukho nezinye izinto ezimbalwa ezilula onokuzenza ukuze uzikhusele kwesi sifo siyingozi.

• Ukuba ukhulelwe, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuvavanya iGroup B Streptococcus kwiiveki zakho ezingama-36 okanye ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa. Ukuba kuqinisekisiwe ukuba unayo le ntsholongwane, unganikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngexesha lokubeleka ukuthintela umntwana ukuba angafumani le ntsholongwane.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka.
• Lala kamnandi.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo.
• Gquma impumlo nomlomo wakho ngetshefu okanye ithishu xa uthimla okanye ukhohlela.

Le mikhwa ingakukhusela kungekuphela nje kwi-bacterial meningitis, kodwa nakwizifo ezininzi ezisulelayo.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndifumana i-bacterial meningitis? Ngaba likho ithemba?

I-bacterial meningitis yimeko embi kakhulu. Phakathi kwe-10% kunye ne-15% yabantu abayifumanayo bayafa. Oko kuyadabukisa ngokwenene. Kodwa ukuba isifo sichongiwe kwangethuba kwaye unyango ngee-antibiotics luqala ngokukhawuleza, amathuba okuchacha aphezulu kakhulu.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

I-bacterial meningitis ayisiyonto ixhaphakileyo. Nangona kunjalo, yingxamiseko yezonyango. Inokuba mandundu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba uneempawu zesi sifo, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukulibazisa.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale meko, kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Ndingayifumana njani i-bacterial meningitis?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango endiludingayo?
• Ndingabuya nini ukuze ndifumane iimvavanyo zokulandelela?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndingazikhuseli ekufumaneni i-bacterial meningitis kwakhona?
• Ngaba ndiza kuba neengxaki ezihlala ixesha elide ngenxa ye-bacterial meningitis?
• Ndingasidlulisela na esi sifo kwabanye?

Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule koku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo esikhe sathetha ngazo:

I-Bacterial Meningitis sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu nesinokubeka ubomi esichengeni.

Ukuba uneempawu (ingakumbi umkhuhlane ophezulu, intloko ebuhlungu, intamo elukhuni ), funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye kuqaliswe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sibambezelekile, iingxaki zexesha elide kunye nokufa zinokwenzeka.

Kukho amayeza okugonya oku. Thetha nogqirha wakho uze ufumane impendulo.

Ukulandela imikhwa emihle yempilo, njengokuhlamba izandla rhoqo nokuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo, kunokunceda ekuthinteleni oku.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Ukuzazi ezi zinto kuya kukunceda kakhulu ekukhuseleni wena nabantu obathandayo. Hlala usempilweni! I-meningitis ebangelwa yibhaktheriya, i-meningitis, iimpawu ze-meningitis, unyango lwe-meningitis, ugonyo lwe-meningitis, izifo ezosulelayo, usulelo lobuchopho