Ukuba ungumama, utata, okanye umntu osebenza nabantwana abancinci, mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba abantwana abancinci bafana neefektri zezifo ezihambahambayo, akunjalo? Nokuba silumke kangakanani na, ngamanye amaxesha xa isifo siqala ukusasazeka kwindawo yokugcina abantwana okanye kwisikolo sabantwana abancinci, sisasazeka njengomlilo wasendle. Ngoko ke, enye yeentsholongwane ezisasazeka lula phakathi kwabantwana abanjalo yiHuman Parainfluenza Virus (HPIVs).
Yintoni le ntsholongwane ye-parainfluenza (HPIV)?
Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo lwentsholongwane ebangela usulelo lokuphefumla. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci. Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zale ntsholongwane: i-HPIV-1, i-HPIV-2, i-HPIV-3, kunye ne-HPIV-4. Uhlobo ngalunye lunokubangela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo zokuphefumla.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izifo eziphambili ezibangelwa yile ntsholongwane.
- I-Croup: Le yeyona meko ixhaphakileyo enxulunyaniswa nale ntsholongwane. Ibangela ukudumba kwebhokisi yelizwi, umphimbo womoya, kunye neendlela zomoya ezingqongileyo. Oku kudumba kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla kwaye kubangela ukukhwehlela okunzulu, okurhabaxa, okufana nenja ekhonkothayo . Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'croup'. Le meko ibangelwa kakhulu yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-HPIV-1.
- Izifo zokuphefumla eziphezulu: Ezi zizifo ezichaphazela impumlo yethu, umphimbo, kunye nemingxuma ye-sinus. Imizekelo ibandakanya umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, umphimbo obuhlungu, usulelo lwe-sinus, kunye ne-laryngitis.
- Usulelo olusezantsi kokuphefumla: Oku kubhekisa kwiintsholongwane ezenzeka emiphungeni nakwindlela yokuphefumla esezantsi enxulumene noko. Imizekelo yoku ziimeko ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bronchiolitis kunye ne-pneumonia.
- I-Bronchiolitis lusulelo kunye nokudumba kweendlela zomoya ezincinci (ii-bronchioles) ezithwala umoya ukuya emiphungeni. Oku kunokubangela ukuba isifuba sigcwale yi-mucus kwaye kubangele iimpawu ezifana nokuphefumla.
- I-pneumonia kukudumba kweengxowa zomoya emiphungeni ngenxa yosulelo.
Nangona zonke ezi zifo zinokubangelwa ziintsholongwane ze-parainfluenza, i-HPIV-1 ifunyenwe inxulumene kakhulu nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo (croup), kunye ne-HPIV-3 enosulelo oluphantsi lwendlela yokuphefumla efana ne-bronchiolitis kunye ne-pneumonia.
Isasazeka njani le ntsholongwane?
Le ntsholongwane iyosulela kakhulu . Isasazeka kakhulu ngamathontsi avela ekuthinimla, ekumlonyeni , okanye ematheni omntu osulelekileyo. Xa umntu ethimla, amasuntswana entsholongwane emoyeni anokuhlala esebenza ixesha elingaphezu kweyure. Le ntsholongwane inokuphila iiyure ezininzi kwiindawo ezifana nezibambo zomnyango kunye nezinto zokudlala.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa umntwana wosulelwe yile ntsholongwane ye-parainfluenza ubuncinane kanye xa eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, ngoko ke oku kuqhelekile kakhulu.
Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntwana omnye kwisikolo sabantwana abancinci ufumana le ntsholongwane, omnye umntwana uchukumisa ithoyizi alisebenzisayo, okanye ukuba ezo ntsholongwane zifikelela ezandleni zabanye abantwana xa bethimla, baze abo bantwana bafake ezo zandla emlonyeni nasezimpumlweni zabo, kulula kangakanani ukusasazeka oku? Yiyo loo nto ezi zinto zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Iimpawu ezibangelwa yile ntsholongwane zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo, kodwa kukho iimpawu ezithile eziqhelekileyo.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza
- Ukukhwehlela okurhabaxa okufana nokukhonkotha kwenja (ingakumbi kwimeko ye-croup)
- Ukuphefumla
- Utshintsho kwilizwi, ukurhawuzelela
- Ukukhupha ulwelo
- Ifiva
- Ukuhlanza kunye norhudo
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Ubomvu bamehlo
Ukongeza kwezi mpawu ziqhelekileyo, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko engundoqo. Umzekelo, usulelo lwe-sinus lunokubangela iintloko ezibuhlungu, ukudinwa, kunye nokuxinana kweempumlo. Imeko efana ne-pneumonia inokubangela iintlungu zesifuba kunye nokuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni.
Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?
Xa usisa umntwana wakho kugqirha, into yokuqala aza kuyenza kukumhlola kakuhle umntwana. Ungafumana umbono wokuba loluphi uhlobo losulelo ngokujonga iimpawu zomntwana, indlela aphefumla ngayo, nokumamela isifuba sakhe. Kwakhona, ekubeni oogqirha besazi ngezifo ezisasazekayo kuloo ndawo ngelo xesha, ngolwazi olo, banokuqikelela ukuba olu sulelo lunokuba yi-HPIV.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba usulelo lunzima okanye kukho ukurhanelwa kwezinye iingxaki, ugqirha unokucebisa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo.
- I-Swab yempumlo: I-Swab encinci isetyenziselwa ukuqokelela isampuli ye-mucus ngaphakathi empumlweni kwaye ivavanye intsholongwane.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Oku kwenziwa ukuba kukho imeko efana ne-pneumonia erhanelwayo.
Loluphi unyango olunokwenziwa ekhaya?
Ixesha elininzi, ezi zifo ze-parainfluenza azikho mbi kangako. Zinganyangwa ekhaya. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba esi sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane . Oku kuthetha ukuba asinakunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asebenza kuphela ngokuchasene nosulelo lweentsholongwane. Ngoko ke, musa ukuthenga amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwikhemesti kwaye unike umntwana wakho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
Indlela eqhelekileyo kukulawula iimpawu nokunika umntwana intuthuzelo de intsholongwane iphele emzimbeni.
- Nika izinto ezininzi ezimanzi: Nika izinto ezifana namanzi, ijusi yeziqhamo, kunye neparridge rhoqo.
- Nciphisa umkhuhlane kunye nentlungu: Nika amayeza anjenge-acetaminophen okanye i-ibuprofen kwidosi emiselweyo njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisile.
- Gcina umntwana ezolile: Xa umntwana ekhala okanye ephazamiseka, ubunzima bokuphefumla bunokwanda. Ngoko zama ukumgcina ezolile.
- I-Humidifier: Ukusebenzisa i-cool-mist humidifier ukwandisa ukufuma kwigumbi kunokunceda ukugcina iindlela zomoya zingomi, kukhulule i-mucus, kwaye kube lula ukuphefumla.
Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima ze-croup, ugqirha wakho unokukunika iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-corticosteroid ukunciphisa ukudumba.
Kunini apho kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza?
Ixesha elininzi, oku kuyaphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, kunokufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Ukuba iimpawu zomntwana wakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye kuvela iimpawu ezintsha, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka unikele ingqalelo.
| Iimpawu zezilumkiso ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| Ukuba une-croup, nikela ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwezi mpawu: | |
| 🚨 | Ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokuphefumla . |
| 🚨 | Ukuba wenza isandi esiphezulu (njengokwenza isandi "s") xa uphefumla kwaye ukhupha umoya. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba umntwana wenza ezi zandi ziphezulu nangona engacaphukanga. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba awukwazi ukuginya kwaye amathe aphuma emlonyeni wakho. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba indawo ejikeleze umlomo, impumlo, okanye iinzipho ijika ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ngwevu . |
| Ukuba une-pneumonia, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele kwezi meko zilandelayo: | |
| 🚨 | Ukuba umntwana ungaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba unengxaki enkulu yokuphefumla. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba inqanaba leoksijini emzimbeni liphantsi. |
| 🚨 | Ukuba umntwana ulele kakhulu kwaye akaphili . |
| 🚨 | Ukuba ubonisa iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (umlomo owomileyo, amehlo atshonileyo, ukungachami kangangeeyure ezi-6-8). |
Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, thatha umntwana wakho umse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ngokukhawuleza ngamaxesha anje.
Singazikhusela njani iintsana zethu kule ntsholongwane?
Nangona kuthiwa phantse bonke abantwana bakhula oku xa beneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, kukho amanyathelo athile esinokuwathatha ukukhusela abantwana bethu. La manyathelo abaluleke ngakumbi ukuba umntwana wakho usesikolweni sabantwana abancinci.
- Ucoceko olufanelekileyo: Fundisa umntwana wakho ukuhlamba izandla zakhe kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo.
- Gcina umntwana wakho kude nabantwana abagulayo: Gcina umntwana wakho kude nabantwana abakhwehlelayo kunye nomkhuhlane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Kuphephe ukwabelana ngezinto ezisetyenziswayo: Fundisa umntwana wakho ukuba angabelani ngezinto ezifana neebhotile zamanzi, iikomityi, kunye neepuni nabanye.
Okwangoku akukho gonyo lale ntsholongwane ye-parainfluenza. Nangona kunjalo, uphando luyaqhubeka lokuphuhlisa gonyo lwe-HPIV-1 kunye ne-HPIV-3 virus. Ngoko ke singathemba ukuba siza kuba nesisombululo esihle kwixesha elizayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Parainfluenza (HPIV) yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo ebantwaneni kwaye ibangela izifo zokuphefumla ezifana 'nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo' kunye ne-pneumonia.
- Ngenxa yokuba yintsholongwane, ayinakunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Unyango lujolise ekulawuleni iimpawu nokubonelela ngesiqabu.
- Hlala ulumkile xa kukho iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezinjengobunzima bokuphefumla, izandi eziphezulu xa uphefumla, kunye nolusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Ukuba ubona iimpawu eziqatha ngolo hlobo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
- Iindlela ezilungileyo zococeko, ezinje ngokuhlamba izandla rhoqo, zezona ndlela zilungileyo zokukhusela abantwana kwezi zifo.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngayo nayiphi na into, thetha nogqirha wakho rhoqo.
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