Ngaba uyazi ngokwenene imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis? Masithethe ngayo!

Ubusazi na ukuba ngamanye amaxesha umkhuhlane nje, ukukhwehlela, okanye ukwenzakala okuncinci kunokuba yingxaki enkulu? Ngokufanayo, i-sepsis yimeko eyingozi eyenzeka xa umzimba wethu usabela ngamandla kwisifo. Le yingxamiseko yokwenyani yezonyango kwaye inokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-sepsis?

Ngamafutshane, i-sepsis kuxa inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela isabela ngokugqithisileyo kusulelo emzimbeni wakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa usulelo luvela, iiseli zethu zokuzikhusela, ezifana namajoni emzimbeni wethu, ziyalwa nalo. Kodwa kwi-sepsis, endaweni yokulwa nosulelo, le nkqubo yokuzikhusela iqala ukonakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni, izicubu, kunye namalungu omzimba. Oku kubangela ukudumba okukhulu emzimbeni wonke. Khawuthelekelele, kwangaxeshanye, ukusabela okungaqhelekanga kwenkqubo yethu yokuxinana kwegazi kubangela ukuba kubekho amahlwili egazi kwimithambo yegazi. Njengaxa uthuli lubhajwa kumbhobho wamanzi kwaye amanzi eyeka ukuhamba, la mahlwili egazi anciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kumalungu ahlukeneyo emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kuloo malungu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kubangele ukuba angasebenzi. Ngaba uyaqonda ukuba oko kuyingozi kangakanani?

Ngaba singafunda nangamanqanaba e-sepsis?

Oogqirha babedla ngokuthetha ngamanqanaba amathathu e-sepsis: i-sepsis, i-sepsis enzima, kunye ne-septic shock. Kodwa ngoku, abayahluli ngokwamanqanaba anjalo. Ngoku, ithathwa njengemeko ebanzi. Iqala ngosulelo kunye ne-bacteremia, ekukho kuyo iibhaktheriya egazini. Ukusuka apho, inokuqhubela phambili iye kwi-sepsis, kwaye ukusuka apho iye kwi-septic shock. I-septic shock lelona nqanaba linzima, apho amalungu amaninzi ayasilela kwaye inokukhokelela ekufeni.

Ngubani onokuthi abe ne-sepsis?

I-Sepsis inokwenzeka nakubani na. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanosulelo, ingakumbi i-bacteremia (ubukho beebhaktheriya egazini), basengozini enkulu. Ukongeza, usengozini enkulu ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe .
• Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile , ukutyeba kakhulu , umhlaza, kunye nesifo sezintso .
• Ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka (umz., abo bane -HIV , abo banyangwa ngumhlaza ).
• Ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele ngenxa yezinye iimeko zempilo.
• Ukuba utshile kakhulu okanye wenzakele kakhulu.
• Ukuba une-catheters, i-IVs, okanye iityhubhu zokuphefumla emzimbeni wakho.

Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa kunye nabantwana abancinci nabo basengozini. Amajoni abo omzimba akakakhuli ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kubo ukulwa nezifo.

E-United States kuphela, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-1.7 baxelwa ukuba banesifo se-sepsis minyaka le. Oku kubonisa indlela esixhaphake ngayo. I-Sepsis ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala. Umngcipheko uyanda xa abantu bekhula emva kweminyaka engama-65.

Zithini iimpawu ze-sepsis?

I-Sepsis inokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, ngoko ke kunokubakho iimpawu ezininzi. Iimpawu ezichanekileyo zixhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo oluyiqalileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba i-sepsis ibangelwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-septicemia, unokuba nerhashalala eluswini lwakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-sepsis rash. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ulusu lube bomvu kwaye lutshintshe umbala. Ungabona namabala amancinci abomvu amnyama eluswini lwakho. Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-sepsis ziquka:

• Ukuphuma komchamo okuphantsi okanye ukuziva ngathi kufuneka uchame rhoqo.
• Ubuthathaka/ubuthathaka.
• Ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo (isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
• Umkhuhlane okanye ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi kakhulu (i-hypothermia).
• Ukungcangcazela komzimba okanye ukungcangcazela (ukubanda).
• Ulusu luvakala lushushu okanye lufumile ngenxa yokubila.
• Ukudideka okanye ukuxakeka.
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza (umoya ophuma ngamandla) okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuziva intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki okunganyamezelekiyo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba uyazi ukuba unesifo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko! Musa ukuchitha ixesha.

Zithini izizathu ze-sepsis?

Eyona nto ibangela i-sepsis zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, izifo ezibangelwa yifungus, parasitic, kunye ne-viral nazo zinokubangela i-sepsis. Ngamafutshane, i-sepsis yenzeka xa usulelo emzimbeni wakho lubangela ukusabela kwe-chain emzimbeni wakho wonke, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amalungu akho angasebenzi. Usulelo olubangela i-sepsis lunokuqala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wakho. Ezona ntlobo ziqhelekileyo zosulelo olubangela i-sepsis zezi:

• Inkqubo yokuphefumla:
• Usulelo lwemiphunga, umzekelo i-pneumonia.
• Inkqubo yomchamo:
• Usulelo lomchamo, ingakumbi ukuba une-catheter.
• Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya:
• I-Appendicitis.
• Iingxaki zamathumbu.
• Usulelo lwesisu (i-Peritonitis).
• Usulelo lwenyongo okanye isibindi.
• Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi:
• Usulelo lobuchopho okanye umqolo.
• Ulusu:
• Iintsholongwane zinokungena ngamanxeba, ukuqhekeka kolusu, okanye ngokufakwa kwee-catheters kunye ne-IVs.
• Iimeko ezifana ne-cellulitis (ukudumba kwezicubu ezinxibelelanayo zesikhumba).

Ngaba i-sepsis iyosulela?

Hayi, i-sepsis ngokwayo ayosuleli - oko kuthetha ukuba awunakusasaza i-sepsis komnye umntu. Nangona kunjalo, usulelo olubangela i-sepsis (umz. i-pneumonia, usulelo lolusu) lunokusasazwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzigcina ucocekile kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-sepsis?

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela umntu one-sepsis ngokukhawuleza, kuba unyango kufuneka luqale ngokukhawuleza. Akukho vavanyo lunye olunokuqinisekisa ukuba une-sepsis. Ngoko ke oogqirha badibanisa ulwazi oluvela kuvavanyo lomzimba, iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zelebhu, ii-X-ray, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ukuze baqale babone ukuba loluphi usulelo (umzekelo, iinkcubeko zegazi), baze bagqibe kwelokuba unayo na i-sepsis. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha basebenzisa indlela yokufumanisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba isigulana sine-sepsis. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-qSOFA (uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lokusilela kwezitho zomzimba) . Oku kubandakanya ukukhangela ubuncinane ezimbini kwezi mpawu zilandelayo kunye nosulelo oluqinisekisiweyo okanye olucingelwayo:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi: Uxinzelelo lwegazi lweSystolic (inani eliphezulu) lingaphantsi kwe-100 millimeters yemercury (100 mmHg).
• Ukwanda kwezinga lokuphefumla: Ukuphefumla ngaphezu kwezihlandlo ezingama-22 ngomzuzu.
• Isikali se-Glasgow Coma esinciphileyo:Amanqaku ali-15 okanye ngaphantsi kwesi sikali alinganisa ukuqaphela (oko kuthetha ukungazinzi okuphantsi).

Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho angenza olunye uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze afumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo losulelo onalo kunye nokuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo owenzekileyo kwisitho somzimba. Umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC), iinkcubeko zegazi, uvavanyo lokujonga ukusebenza kwesibindi nezintso okungaqhelekanga, iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-electrolyte.
• Inqanaba le-oksijini egazini: Luvavanyo olulinganisa ubungakanani be-oksijini egazini lakho.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Uhlalutyo lomchamo kunye nophuhliso lomchamo.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Izinto ezifana nee-X-ray okanye ii-CT scans.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-sepsis?

Unyango lwe-Sepsis lufanele luqale ngoko nangoko. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo kubalulekile. Yonke imizuzu ibalulekile. Ukuba ugqirha ukuxilonga ukuba une-sepsis, uya kwamkelwa kwiyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu yesibhedlele (ICU) ukuze ufumane unyango olukhethekileyo. Unokufumana unyango olufana nolu:

• Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba unentsholongwane ebangelwa yibhaktiriya, ii-antibiotics ziya kuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza.
• Ulwelo lwe-IV (olungena emthanjeni): Ulwelo luya kunikwa ngomthambo ukuze igazi liqhubeke lihamba liye kwizitho zakho zomzimba kwaye kuthintelwe ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lungabi phantsi kakhulu.
• Amayeza okunciphisa imithambo yegazi: La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa imithambo yegazi. Kwezinye iimeko, anokufuneka ukuze kugcinwe uxinzelelo lwegazi olufanelekileyo.
• Unyango oluxhasayo njengoko lufuneka: Ukuba amalungu omzimba ayasilela, umzekelo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso, i-dialysis inokufuneka, okanye ukuba kukho ubunzima bokuphefumla, kunokufuneka olunye unyango, olufana nokuphefumla ngoomatshini.
• Utyando: Kusenokufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe izicwili ezonakeleyo okanye kususwe umthombo wosulelo.

Ungayithintela njani i-sepsis?

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuthintela i-sepsis. Ezi zilula kakhulu kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu:

• Ziqhelise ucoceko, ingakumbi ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo. Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi phambi kokutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nangaphambi kokuba uchukumise inxeba.
• Ukugcina amanxeba kunye namanye amanxeba ecocekile kwaye egqunyiwe de aphole.
• Ukufumana amayeza okugonya acetyiswayo ngexesha. Umzekelo, amayeza okugonya i-pneumonia, amayeza okugonya umkhuhlane, njl.
• Ukuba unezifo ezingapheliyo (umz. isifo seswekile), fumana unyango olufanelekileyo kwaye uzilawule.
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, okanye inxeba eliphumayo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha kwi-sepsis? Injani imeko yempilo?

Xa bexilongwa kwaye benyangwa ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwabantu abane-sepsis engephi bayasinda. Kodwa ukuba abanyangwa, abantu abaninzi abane-sepsis enzima banokufa. Nokuba banyangwa, ama-30% ukuya kuma-40% abantu abane-sepsis enzima kakhulu, ebizwa ngokuba yi-septic shock, bayafa. I-septic shock inokubangela ukufa kwiiyure ezili-12 nje kuphela. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yingxamiseko. Nokuba basinda kwi-sepsis, abanye abantu basafa kwiinyanga nakwiminyaka elandelayo. Kodwa abaphandi abakaqiniseki ukuba le ngozi yokwanda kokufa ibangelwa kukuba babe ne-sepsis ngaphambili okanye ngenxa yesinye isifo esingaphantsi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba abantu abasinde kwi-sepsis baqhubeke nokunyamekela impilo yabo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ezihlala ixesha elide emva kwe-sepsis?

Ngonyango olukhawulezileyo, uninzi lwabantu abane-sepsis luyaphola ngokupheleleyo baze baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufumana iziphumo zexesha elide. Usenokuba neengxaki ezifana nezi:

• Ukungalali.
• Ukuba namaphupha amabi okanye ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo.
• Uhlaselo loloyiko.
• Intlungu yamalungu kunye nemisipha.
• Ukuncipha kokusebenza kwengqondo - Oku kuthetha ukukhubazeka kwizinto ezifana nokufunda, inkumbulo, ingqalelo, kunye nokwenza izigqibo.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba (umz., ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okuqhubekayo).

Kwakhona, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-sepsis kwakhona. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumene usulelo olutsha.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndikwazi ukuchacha emva kokubuyela ekhaya?

Emva kokuba uphilile kwi-sepsis kwaye ubuyele ekhaya uvela esibhedlele, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nonyango lokubuyisela impilo yakho kwimeko yesiqhelo kuba umzimba wakho ubuphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu. Xa ufika ekhaya, unokufumana oku kulandelayo: Iziphumo zomzimba:

• Ukudinwa kunye nobuthathaka.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Intlungu yomzimba.
• Ubunzima bokuhambahamba nokulala.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye/okanye ukwehla kobunzima bomzimba.
• Ulusu olomileyo nolurhawuzelayo.
• Izikhonkwane ziyaphuka lula.
• Ukulahleka kweenwele.

Imiphumo yengqondo neyeemvakalelo:

• Ukufuna ukuba wedwa.
• Iinkumbulo zokubuyela umva.
• Ubunzima bokugxila.
• Ixhala kunye/okanye ukudakumba.
• Ukudana nomsindo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda uphuhlise isicwangciso sokuqhubeka nohambo lwakho lokuchacha. Ekuqaleni, uza kusebenza kwiinjongo ezincinci nezinokufezekiswa, njengokuhlamba nokunxiba. Uza kuzama nokwakha amandla akho omzimba, kwaye kubalulekile ukunyamekela impilo yakho yengqondo. Thetha nosapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye nogqirha malunga nendlela oziva ngayo. Kuza kuthatha ixesha, kodwa ekugqibeleni uza kuqala ukuziva ungcono. Kubalulekile ukuba nomonde.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule kukuba

Kulungile, ngoko ke i-sepsis ebesithetha ngayo yingxamiseko yezonyango enokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukuthintela i-sepsis, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango olukhawulezileyo lwalo naluphi na usulelo. Ukuba uyalibazisa ukufumana unyango, nosulelo oluncinci lunokubulala.

Ukuba unentsholongwane, ayibi ngcono, okanye ukuba ibonakala isiya isiba mandundu (umz., umkhuhlane uyanda, ubunzima bokuphefumla, utshintsho engqondweni), bona ugqirha okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Khumbula, ukuba ayinyangwa, i-sepsis inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu kwanokufa. Ngoko ke kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngale nto, akunjalo? Ubomi bakho buxabisekile!