Ngaba nawe uza kuhlinzwa kungekudala? Masifunde ngqo ngolu didi lwe-ASA!

Ngaba wakha waxelelwa ngoogqirha ukuba wenze utyando olukhulu okanye oluncinci, oko kukuthi, utyando? Kwimeko enjalo, wena Ngaphambi kokuba akunike i-anesthesia , okanye iyeza elithomalalisa iintlungu zakho ngexesha lotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo oluncinci lwempilo yakho. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-ASA classification . Xa usiva oku, ungaziva usoyika kancinci, njengokuthi, "Owu, uza kundinika amanqaku?" Kodwa eneneni yinto enceda ugqirha wakho ukuba akuphathe ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo. Ngoko ke, masithethe kancinci ngale nto, akunjalo?

Yintoni udidi lwe-ASA? Kutheni lubalulekile?

Ngamafutshane, i -ASA Physical Status Classification System yinkqubo yokuvavanya impilo yakho iyonke ngaphambi kokuba wenze utyando olufuna i-anesthesia. Yaphuhliswa yi -American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) . Khawucinge ukuba zonke iingcali ze-anesthesiologist bezisebenzisa iindlela ezifanayo ukuvavanya izigulana, ngaba wonke umntu ebengayi kufumana ulwazi olufanayo? Leyo yenye yeenjongo zale nkqubo.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokusebenzisa olu hlobo:

• Ngaphambi kotyando lwakho Gcina ingxelo yempilo yakho : Oku kuya kukunika ingxelo ecacileyo yempilo yakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze utyando.
• Indlela eqhelekileyo engasetyenziswa yingcali ye-anesthesiologist: Nokuba ukuphi na emhlabeni, xa uthetha neengcali ze-anesthesiologist malunga nemeko yempilo yesigulana, bonke banokuyiqonda ngokuyixelela le nombolo ye-ASA.
• Inceda ekuvavanyeni iingozi zotyando: Oku kukodwa akunakukuxelela umngcipheko. Nangona kunjalo, xa zidityaniswe nezinye izinto ezifana neminyaka yakho, uhlobo lotyando olwenziwayo, ukuba lukhulu kangakanani, kunye nokuba luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani, kuyanceda ekuqikeleleni iingxaki ezinokubakho zotyando.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula: Olu hlobo lwe-ASA aluloqikelelo lwesiphumo sotyando lwakho. Nangona lunokukunceda uvavanye iingozi zotyando, Iqela lezonyango lenza izigqibo emva kokuqwalasela ezinye izinto ezininzi. Ngoko ke ungothuswa yile nani.

Ngubani lo ASA?

I-ASA imele i -American Society of Anesthesiologists.Isifinyezo simele "i-American Society of Anesthetists." Le nkqubo yokuhlela yaqala ukwaziswa ngo-1941, xa lo mbutho wawusaziwa ngokuba yi-American Society of Anesthetists. Ibisetyenziswa ngoogqirha kwihlabathi liphela ukusukela ngoko.

Ihlelwa njani le ASA? Ngawaphi amanqanaba?

Kolu luhlu lwe-ASA, kukho amanqanaba amathandathu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-VI) ukusuka kumanani esiRoma I (inye) ukuya kwi-V (esihlanu). I-ASA I ngumntu osempilweni kakhulu. I-ASA V ngumntu onesifo esisongela ubomi. Inqanaba VI lelabaguli abafayo engqondweni abasuswayo ukuze banikelwe ngamalungu omzimba (abanikeli ngamalungu omzimba).

Makhe sibone ukuba ithetha ukuthini intsingiselo nganye kwezi klasi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisibhedlele apho unyango lunikezelwa khona, le mizekelo inokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kubuchwephesha bayo.

• ASA I: Umntu ophilileyo ngokupheleleyo . Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu usempilweni entle, engenaso isifo esinzima okanye esingapheliyo. Umzekelo, umntu ongenaso isifo kwaye utyando ngenxa yokusikwa okuncinci engalweni yakhe okanye imeko engxamisekileyo efana ne-appendicitis.

• I-ASA II: Umntu onesifo esincinci somzimba . Oko kukuthi, umntu onengxaki encinci yempilo engaphazamisiyo imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kwaye enokulawulwa. Imizekelo: Isifo seswekile esilawulwa kakuhle, uxinzelelo lwegazi olulawulwa kakuhle, ukutyeba kakhulu (i-BMI ephakathi kwama-30-40), umntu otshayayo (ongenazo iingxaki ezinkulu), umama okhulelweyo (ongenazo iingxaki).

• I-ASA III: Umntu onesifo esinzima senkqubo yomzimba . Esi sifo sinokuba nemida ethile kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Kodwa asisongeli ubomi ngoko nangoko. Imizekelo: isifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo, uhlaselo lwentliziyo kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezidlulileyo, isifo esingapheliyo esingapheliyo semiphunga (COPD), isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo , kunye ne-dialysis.

• I-ASA IV: Umntu onesifo esinzima esihlala sisongela ubomi . Aba bantu bahlala bekwimeko embi kakhulu. Imizekelo: Umntu osandul’ ukuba nesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi (ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-3), umntu ongasebenzi kakuhle kwevalvu, iqhekeza lokukhupha igazi elinciphileyo, i-sepsis enzima, okanye umntu onesifo sezintso (ongekho kwi-dialysis).

• I-ASA V:Isigulana esifayo ngumntu onokuthi afe kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezizayo, nokuba utyando lwenziwe na. Olu tyando lwenziwa ukuze kusindiswe ubomi bakhe, kodwa akuqinisekwanga ukuba luya kuphumelela na. Imizekelo: Imeko engxamisekileyo, esongela ubomi efana nokuqhekeka kwe-aortic aneurysm yesisu, umntu oye wonzakala amalungu amaninzi kwingozi enkulu (ukwenzakala okukhulu), okanye umntu oye wopha kakhulu ebuchotsheni (ukopha ngaphakathi kwentloko okunomphumo omkhulu).

• I-ASA VI: Isigulana esixelwe kwangaphambili ukuba sifile engqondweni esinamalungu asuswayo ngeenjongo zokunikela . Amalungu aso ayavunwa ukuze atyalwe kwezinye izigulana.

Lusetyenziswa nini olu hlobo lwe-ASA?

Xa utyando olucwangcisiweyo, iqela lezonyango liza kukunika uluhlu lwe-ASA ngosuku lotyando, ngaphambi kokuba unikwe i-anesthesia. Isizathu soku kukuba ube nolwazi oluchanekileyo noluhlaziyiweyo malunga nempilo yakho ngelo xesha. Umzekelo, ukuba unomkhuhlane omncinci kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando lwakho, oko kunokuchaphazela olu vavanyo. Ngoko ke kungcono ukukwenza ngomzuzu wokugqibela.

Ngubani lo gqirha we-anesthesiologist?

Ingcali yokubulala iintlungu ngugqirha oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukukunika amayeza okubulala iintlungu ukuze ungabi nantlungu ngexesha lotyando. Amanye amayeza okubulala iintlungu ayenza ingasebenzi kakuhle inxalenye yomzimba wakho (umzekelo, inaliti yomqolo). Amanye amayeza akwenza ulale ngokupheleleyo, ingakumbi ngexesha lotyando olukhulu nolunzima. Ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kujonga izinga lentliziyo yakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nokuphefumla kulo lonke utyando ukuqinisekisa ukuba awuva ntlungu.

Ngoko ke, olu hlobo lwe-ASA luyinto enceda ingcali yakho yokubulala iintlungu icwangcise i-anesthesia echanekileyo eza kufuneka kutyando lwakho. Kungavakala kungaqhelekanga ukuva umntu "ebeka" umgangatho wempilo yakho. Kodwa yinkqubo yokugcina iirekhodi esetyenziselwa ukukunika unyango olungcono kunye nokulungelelanisa yonke into ngokweemfuno zakho. Ayichazi umngcipheko wotyando lwakho ngokwayo. Kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezibandakanyekayo kuloo nto.

Ngoko ke, yintoni esifanele siyikhumbule koku? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esithethe ngazo kolu hlobo lwe-ASA, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kuwe:

• Udidi lwe-ASA luyinkqubo apho iingcali ze-anesthesiologists zivavanya impilo yakho ngaphambi kotyando. Yaziswa yi -American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) .
• Iinjongo eziphambili zoku kukugcina ingxelo yemeko yakho yempilo, ukwazisa indlela eqhelekileyo engasetyenziswa ngabo bonke oogqirha, kunye nokunceda ekuvavanyeni iingozi zotyando.
• Oku kunamanqanaba aqala kwi-ASA I (esempilweni) ukuya kwi-ASA VI (umxhasi wamalungu afileyo engqondweni).
• Musa ukothuka yile "nqanaba." Oku akubonisi isiphumo sotyando lwakho, kwaye akubonisi ukuba impilo yakho ayintle.
• Oogqirha bamisela umngcipheko ngokudibanisa olu luhlu nezinye izinto, ezifana neminyaka yakho kunye nohlobo lotyando.
• Ekugqibeleni, konke oku kwenzelwa ukukunceda ufumane i-anesthesia ekhuselekileyo nefanelekileyo kangangoko kwaye wenze utyando lube yimpumelelo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ucwangciselwe utyando, kwaye oogqirha bethetha ngenqanaba lakho le-ASA, ngoku uyiqonda ngcono loo nto, akunjalo? Ukuba uneminye imibuzo engqondweni yakho, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali ye-anesthesiologist. Baza kukuchazela yonke into.

I - Anesthesia, utyando, udidi lwe-ASA, uvavanyo lwempilo, utyando, isibhedlele, unyango