Ngaba uneziqhushumbisi ze-thyroid entanyeni yakho? Masifunde ngale nto ngaphandle koloyiko!

Ngaba wakha waziva iqhuma okanye iqhuma elincinci ngaphambili entanyeni yakho? Okanye mhlawumbi ugqirha wakuxilonga wathi, “Uneqhuma kwi-thyroid yakho.” Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa usiva oku. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Uninzi lwexesha, amaqhuma e-thyroid awayongozi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele. Namhlanje, masithethe ngamaqhuma e-thyroid ngokulula.

Zithini ii-Thyroid Nodules?

Ngamafutshane, i-thyroid nodule kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli kwi-thyroid gland yakho, njengeqhubu elincinci.

Khawuthelekelele, ngaphambili entanyeni yethu, ngaphantsi nje kwethambo lekhola, kukho idlala elincinci elimile okwebhabhathane. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-thyroid gland . Eli lidlala le-endocrine emzimbeni wethu. Livelisa iihomoni ezimbini ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu , i-thyroxine (T4) kunye ne -triiodothyronine (T3) . Ezi homoni zilawula izinto ezininzi emzimbeni wethu. Umzekelo:

• Gcina imetabolism yemizimba yethu isebenza kakuhle.
• Lawula ubushushu bomzimba.
• Lawula iimvakalelo zethu kunye novuyo lwethu.
• Lawula ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho .
• Yetyisa ukutya ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke, loo maqhuqhuva anokwakheka kwi-thyroid gland, eyenza izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. La maqhuqhuva anokwahlulwahlulwa abe ngamacandelo alandelayo:

• Kusenokuba kukho iqhuma elinye kuphela (iqhubu elizimeleyo) .
• Kusenokubakho namaqhuqhuva amaninzi .
• Amanye amaqhuma anokuzaliswa lulwelo, esilubiza ngokuba zii-cystic nodules .
• Ezinye zazo zinokuba ziqinile, zibizwa ngokuba zii-solid nodules .

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngaphezulu kwama-90% ezi ziqhuma ezifumaneka kubantu abadala azinamhlaza okanye azinabungozi . Oko kuthetha ukuba aziyongxaki inkulu. Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwe-4 kunye ne-6.5 ekhulwini (4.0% ukuya kwi-6.5%) zinokuba ngumhlaza we-thyroid . Ke ngoko, ukuba uneqhuma, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba alingomhlaza. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi ziqhuma zinokuba luphawu lwesinye isifo se-thyroid.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokuphuhlisa la maqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Enyanisweni, nabani na unokuba ne-thyroid nodule. Ingachaphazela abantwana, abantu abadala, kunye nabani na. Nangona kunjalo, abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kane okuba nayo kunamadoda.Ezi ziqhuma zinokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba zakheke.

Kwakhona, abantu abakumazwe apho i-iodine ingongezwanga ekutyeni kwabo banamathuba amaninzi okufumana ezi meko, njengoko i-iodine ibalulekile kwi-thyroid gland ukuze yenze iihomoni.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokukhula kwee-nodules ze-thyroid:

• Ukuba ukhe wafumana unyango lwemitha ye-thyroid ngaphambili.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba namaqhuqhuva e-thyroid okanye umhlaza we-thyroid (imbali yosapho).
• Umngcipheko uyanda njengoko iminyaka ikhula .
• Kubantu abane - anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron .
• Kwabo batshayayo (Ukutshaya) .
• Kwabo batyebe kakhulu .
• Kwabo bane- metabolic syndrome .
• Kwabo basela utywala (ukusela utywala) .
• Kubantu abanezinga eliphezulu le-Insulin-like growth factor-1 (i-hormone) emzimbeni.
• Abafazi abane- fibroids yesibeleko .

Zixhaphake kangakanani ii-nodules ze-thyroid?

Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu. Ugqirha uza kufumana la maqhuma kubantu abadala abayi-5% ukuya kwi-7% ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba oluqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-ultrasound inokufumanisa ukuba phakathi kwama-20% nama-76% abantu abadala banala maqhuma. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abaninzi banokuba nawo bengazi nokuba kunjalo.

Kodwa ezi azixhaphakanga kangako phakathi kwabantwana abancinci.

Ngaba kufuneka soyike i-thyroid nodule?

Amaxesha amaninzi, amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid awafanele akhathazeke ngawo. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uninzi lwawo alunabungozi . Nangona kunjalo, ipesenti encinci kakhulu inokuba ngumhlaza we-thyroid , ngoko ke ukuba ufumanisa ukuba uneqhuqhuva, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze alihlole. Ukuba ngumhlaza, okukhona ufunyanwa kwaye unyangwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kungcono .

Khumbula, ungoyiki ukuba ubona iqhuma uze ucinge ukuba ngumhlaza. Kodwa, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ulixilonge ngugqirha.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-thyroid nodules?

Uninzi lwamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid alubangeli zimpawu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba usenokungaqapheli nto. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unamaqhuqhuva amaninzi, okanye ukuba iqhuqhuva likhulu, unokukwazi ukuliva entanyeni yakho.

Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba amaqhuma aba makhulu kakhulu, unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ingxaki yokuginya ukutya okanye ulwelo , ingxaki yokuphefumla. Khawucinge nje, ukuba uziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho xa usitya, okanye ukuba uziva ngathi kunzima nokusela amanzi amancinci...
• Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukutshintsha kwelizwi.
• Ukuva iintlungu ngaphambili entanyeni.
• Ukudumba kwe-thyroid gland kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-goiter .

Amanye amaqhuqhuva, ingakumbi amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid angasebenzi kakuhle , aqala ukuvelisa i-hormone ye-thyroid eninzi kakhulu, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hyperthyroidism . Iimpawu ziquka:

Iimpawu zokwanda kweehomoni ze-thyroid (i-Hyperthyroidism)

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza .
• Ndiziva ndingcangcazela kwaye/okanye ndixhalabile ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba , nangona umnqweno wokutya usanda.
• Ukwanda komnqweno wokutya .
• Urhudo kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu .
• Ubunzima bokulala .
• I-thyroid gland okanye i-goiter ekhulisiweyo .
• Ukungayi exesheni kancinci okanye okungafikanga kakuhle kwabasetyhini.

Kwakhona, abanye abantu abanee-thyroid nodules banokuba namanqanaba aphantsi e-thyroid hormones. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hypothyroidism . Nazi iimpawu:

Iimpawu ze-hormones ezisezantsi ze-thyroid (i-Hypothyroidism)

• Ukuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha (Ukudinwa) .
• Ubungqindilili kunye nokurhawuzelela ezandleni zakho.
• Ukutyeba kwakho .
• Ulusu neenwele ezomileyo nezirhabaxa .
• Ukuqhinwa kwesisu .
• Uxinzelelo, okanye uxinezeleko lwengqondo .
• Ukuya exesheni rhoqo, okunzima kwabasetyhini.

Kutheni la maqhuqhuva e-thyroid esenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni uninzi lwamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid lukhula. Nangona kunjalo, anokukhula ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaqhuqhuva:

• Amaqhuqhuva eColloid:Ezi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo. Zibangelwa kukukhula kakhulu kwezicubu ze-thyroid. Azinawo umhlaza (ezingenabungozi). Zinokukhula zibe nkulu, kodwa azisasazeki ngaphaya kwe-thyroid gland.
• Iicysts ze-thyroid: Ezi zizigaqa ezizaliswe lulwelo, okanye ezimanzi kancinci kwaye ziqinile kancinci. Zinomngcipheko omncinci wokuba nomhlaza (umhlaza). Ukuba zinkulu kuneesentimitha ezi-2, oogqirha baya kuzijonga okanye benze i-biopsy .
• Amaqhuqhuva okudumba: La maqhuqhuva abangelwa kukudumba okungapheliyo kwe-thyroid gland. Anokuba buhlungu okanye angabi buhlungu.
• I-Multinodular goiter: Ngamanye amaxesha i-thyroid gland iyakhula ngenxa yee-nodules ezininzi (i-goiter). Ezi nodules azihlali zinomhlaza.
• Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid angasebenzi kakuhle: La maqhuqhuva avelisa iihomoni ze-thyroid ezingaphezulu. Oku kunokubangela i-hyperthyroidism , efuna unyango.
• Umhlaza we-thyroid: Xa sithetha ngeqhubu le-thyroid, uloyiko olukhulu esinalo kukuba ingaba ngumhlaza na. Ngethamsanqa, umhlaza we-thyroid awuqhelekanga. Ngaphantsi kwe-6.5% yazo zonke iziqhubu ze-thyroid zinomhlaza .

Ungazi njani ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Ngamanye amaxesha ungaziva iqhuqhuva le-thyroid ngokwakho, okanye ulibone esipilini. Okanye ugqirha wakho angalifumana ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba. Iqhuqhuva lingafunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwemifanekiso olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Nangona uninzi lwamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid lungenawo umhlaza (ongenabungozi), amaqhuqhuva amaninzi afuna uhlobo oluthile lovavanyo ngenxa yamathuba amancinci okuba anokuba ngumhlaza.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Ugqirha wakho angenza olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo ukujonga i-thyroid nodule:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi le-thyroid: Oku kujonga inqanaba leehomoni ze-thyroid egazini lakho. Uninzi lwexesha, nokuba kukho amaqhuqhuva, amanqanaba eehomoni aqhelekile. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha anokuba yinto engaqhelekanga, nto leyo enokubonisa ingxaki ye-thyroid.
• Iskeni ye-ultrasound: Olu luvavanyo olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuthatha imifanekiso ye-thyroid gland. Lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iqhuma liqinile okanye liyi-cyst egcwele ulwelo. (Amaqhuma aqinileyo anokuba ngumhlaza.) Lunokunceda nasekujongeni ukukhula kweqhuma kwaye lufumane amaqhuma anzima ukuwafikelela. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-ultrasound inokunceda ukukhokela inaliti ngexesha le -biopsy yenaliti encinci .
• I-biopsy yenaliti encinci:Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha usebenzisa inaliti ebhityileyo kakhulu ukususa isampuli yeeseli kwiqhubu le-thyroid okanye kwiqhubu. Emva koko isampuli ithunyelwa kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe. Uninzi lweqhubu alunawo umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo azicacanga, ugqirha angenza uvavanyo kwakhona. Okanye, banokucebisa utyando lokususa iqhubu ukuze kwenziwe uxilongo oluchanekileyo.
• Iskeni yokuthathwa kwe-thyroid: Kolu vavanyo, unikwa inani elincinci le -iodine ene-radioactive ukuze usele. Emva koko ugqirha ujonga ukuba ingakanani i-iodine efunxwa zii-thyroid nodules kunye nokuba ingakanani i-thyroid nodules eqhelekileyo efunxwayo. Oku kunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nee-thyroid nodules, ezinokunceda ugqirha ukuba amisele umngcipheko womhlaza.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-thyroid nodules?

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-thyroid nodule. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango:

• Akukho nyango/jonga uze ulinde: Ukuba amaqhuma awanalo umhlaza, wena nogqirha wakho ninokugqiba kwelokuba akukho nyango lufunekayo ngoku. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka nibone ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze nibone ukuba amaqhuma ayatshintsha na.
• I-iodine ekhupha imitha: Oogqirha basebenzisa i-iodine ekhupha imitha ukunyanga amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid angasebenzi kakuhle kunye namaqhuqhuva ngeeqhuqhuva ezininzi. Xa i-thyroid gland ifunxa le iodine ekhupha imitha, la maqhuqhuva ayancipha.
• Utyando: Ukuba amaqhuma anomhlaza, abangela ukuvaleka okufana nobunzima bokuginya okanye ukuphefumla, kwaye “ayarhaneleka” (oko kuthetha ukuba akanakuchongwa ngaphandle kokususwa nokuhlolwa ngotyando), unyango olungcono kukuwasusa ngotyando.

Ngaba amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid angathintelwa?

Ngenxa yokuba abaphandi abazi ukuba yintoni ebangela uninzi lwamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid, adla ngokungathintelwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ungazama ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho ngokulawula ezinye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko. Umzekelo, ukuba utyebile kakhulu , thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokugcina ubunzima obusempilweni. Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka ukutshaya . Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ufumana i-iodine eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwakho. Ukuba usebenzisa ityuwa yetafile ene-iodine , mhlawumbi ufumana i-iodine eyaneleyo.

Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba abantu abathatha iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa ngomlomo kunye/okanye ii-statins banokuba nomngcipheko omncinci wokufumana amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid.

Ithini i-prognosis ukuba unamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid? (I-Prognosis)

Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid angengomhlaza (angengomhlaza)Ingqikelelo ilungile kakhulu. Amaxesha amaninzi azidingi nyango. Ngaphezu koko, yipesenti encinci kuphela yezi ziqhuma zingengomhlaza, malunga ne-1%, ezibangela isifo se-thyroid , kwaye nezo zinokunyangwa.

Imeko ye-nodules ye-thyroid enobungozi iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka:

• Uhlobo lomhlaza .
• Ubudala bakho xa uxilongwa .
• Ubungakanani beqhubu/ithumba .
• Nokuba sele isasazeke na kwizicwili ezikufutshane, ezifana nee-lymph nodes .
• Nokuba isasazeke (ihlulwe yi-metastasized) kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba.

Ukuba unomhlaza we-thyroid, ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukukunika ingqikelelo echanekileyo ngakumbi.

Ngaba abantwana abancinci bafumana amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid?

Abantwana abancinci abanamathuba amaninzi okufumana amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid kunabantu abadala, kodwa abaphandi abakaqiniseki ukuba mangaphi kanye kanye.

Amaqhuqhuva afumaneka ebantwaneni nakubantu abakwishumi elivisayo anokuba ngumhlaza we-thyroid kunakwabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezulu kwe-75% yamaqhuqhuva afumaneka ebantwaneni nakubantu abakwishumi elivisayo awangomhlaza (angabi nobungozi) .

Iimpawu, ukuxilongwa, kunye nonyango kubantwana ziyafana nezo zabantu abadala (njengoko sixoxe ngazo apha ngasentla).

Okokugqibela, kufuneka ndikuxelele… (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid aqheleke kakhulu, kwaye adla ngokungabangeli ngxaki zinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubona iqhuqhuva ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha . Nangona uninzi lwamaqhuqhuva lungenawo umhlaza, kubalulekile ukuba uwahlole kuba kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba anokuba ngumhlaza.

Ukuba sele uyazi ukuba une-thyroid nodule, kwaye ugqirha wakho ukucebise ukuba "ulinde kwaye ulinde," ungalibali ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ajonge naluphi na utshintsho kwi-nodule .

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nomngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza we-thyroid okanye isifo se-thyroid, thetha nogqirha wakho. Balapha ukukunceda. Musa ukoyika, yaziswe!