Ngaba uyazazi iivalvu zentliziyo? (Iivalvu zentliziyo) Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba intliziyo yakho isebenza ngendlela emangalisayo kangakanani? Ayisiyonyama nje kuphela, ngumatshini omangalisayo opompa igazi emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke ngaphakathi kule ntliziyo, kukho iindawo ezithile ezisebenza njengeengcango. Sizibiza ngokuba ziivalvu zentliziyo. Ezi zivula kwaye zivaleka ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukunceda igazi lihambe ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, kwaye zikwathintela igazi ukuba lingahambi kwicala elingalunganga.

Zisebenza njani iivalvu zentliziyo? Kuyamangalisa, akunjalo?

Cinga ngale ndlela: intliziyo ephilileyo ifana nemoto eqhuba kwindlela eyilwe kakuhle. Igazi lihamba ngendlela ehlelekileyo. Intliziyo yethu ineegumbi ezine eziphambili. Iigumbi eziphezulu yi-atrium yasekunene kunye ne-atrium yasekhohlo (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-atria), kwaye iigumbi ezisezantsi yi-ventricle yasekunene kunye ne-ventricle yasekhohlo (ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-ventricle).

Phakathi kwezi gumbi kukho iivalvu endizikhankanyileyo. Ezi zenziwe ngamaqhekeza amancinci, kodwa aqinileyo ezicubu. Sikwabiza la maphetshana (okanye ii-cusps). Ezi valve ziyavuleka kwaye zivale ukuze ziqondise igazi kwicala elifanelekileyo.

Ngamafutshane, nantsi into eyenzekayo, nangona iyinkqubo enzima kakhulu, masenze kube lula ukuyiqonda:

• Okokuqala, igazi elingenaoksijini (oko kukuthi, igazi elisetyenziswe ngumzimba kwaye liphelelwe yioksijini) livela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kwaye liqokelelana kwi-atrium ekunene.
• Emva koko, elo gazi lingena kwi-atrium yasekunene ngevalvu ye -tricuspid. Xa le valve ivuleka, igazi liyehla, kwaye xa ivala, ayilivumeli ukuba libuye linyuke.
• Ukusuka kwi-ventricle yasekunene, eli gazi limpontshwa ngevalvu yepulmonary ukuya emiphungeni. Kukwimiphunga apho eli gazi linikwa khona ioksijini entsha kwaye i-carbon dioxide isuswa.
• Ngoku igazi elitsha, elicocekileyo, elizele yioksijini, lingena kwi-atrium yasekhohlo.
• Okulandelayo, intliziyo ithumela eli gazi ngevalvu ye-mitral (siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Mitral Valve" kuba ineeflaps ezimbini) kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Ekugqibeleni, eli gazi lizele yioksijini elivela kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo lidlula kwi -aortic valve liye kwi-aorta, umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni, kwaye ukusuka apho lisasazwa kuwo wonke umzimba.

Uyabona? Ezi valve zisebenza njenge-'traffic police' enobuchule, zithintela igazi ukuba lingahambi kwicala elingalunganga, kwaye zilithumele kwindawo elungileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Isandi esithi "lub-dub" esisivayo xa intliziyo ibetha sibangelwa kukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwezi valve.

Zeziphi iivalvu ezine eziphambili entliziyweni? Zenza ntoni?

Kukho iintlobo ezine zeevalvu entliziyweni yethu. Ivalvu nganye inendawo yayo, imilo yayo, kunye nomsebenzi wayo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

1. Ivalvu yeTricuspid

Le ineencwadana ezintathu endizikhankanyileyo. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba "ziincwadana ezintathu".

• Indawo: Phakathi kwe-atrium yasekunene kunye ne-ventricle yasekunene.
• Kwenziwe ntoni:Ivumela igazi elingenaoksijini ukuba lihambe ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekunene ukuya kwi-ventricle yasekunene. Ikwathintela igazi ukuba libuyele kwi-atrium yasekunene xa i-ventricle yasekunene ifinyela. Cinga ngayo njengocango oluvula indlela enye kuphela.

2. Ivalvu yePulmonary

Le valve ikwanazo neeflaps ezintathu.

• Indawo: Phakathi kwe-ventricle yasekunene kunye nomthambo we-pulmonary.
• Oko ikwenzayo: Ivumela igazi elivela kwi-ventricle yasekunene ukuba lifakwe kwi-pulmonary artery. Le artery yiyo ethwala igazi ukuya emiphungeni ukuze ithathe ioksijini. Ivalvu ye-pulmonary ithintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli kwi-ventricle yasekunene lisuka kwi-pulmonary artery.

3. Ivalvu yeMitral

Ineevalvu ezimbini. Yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-bicuspid. Igama elixhaphakileyo yi-"Mitral Valve".

• Indawo: Phakathi kwe-atrium yasekhohlo kunye ne-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Oko ikwenzayo: Ivumela igazi elineoksijini eninzi elivela kwi-atrium yasekhohlo (elivela emiphungeni) ukuba lidlulele kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo. Ikwathintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli kwi-atrium yasekhohlo xa i-ventricle yasekhohlo ifinyela kwaye ipompa igazi emzimbeni. Le yivalvu ebaluleke kakhulu.

4. Ivalvu ye-Aorta

Le valve ikwanazo neeflaps ezintathu.

• Indawo: Phakathi kwe-ventricle yasekhohlo kunye ne-aorta.
• Oko ikwenzayo: Kulapho igazi elineoksijini liphuma kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo ukuya kwi-aorta. Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, i-aorta yeyona mthambo wegazi mkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Kulapho igazi elineoksijini liphuma khona liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngoko ke, into eyenziwa yile `(Aortic Valve)` kukuthintela igazi ukuba lingabuyeli kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo lisuka kwi-aorta.

Intliziyo yethu iphilile kuphela xa ezi vali zine zisebenza kakuhle, ngexesha elifanelekileyo, nangendlela efanelekileyo. Ukuba enye yazo ayisebenzi kakuhle, inokuchaphazela yonke inkqubo, njengokuba inxenye enye yomatshini osebenza kakuhle iphuka, wonke umatshini uyayeka.

Ziziphi izifo ezichaphazela iivalvu zentliziyo?

Ngoku ungabona ukubaluleka kwezi valves kunye nokuba zintsonkothile kangakanani. Ngoko ke, ukuba enye yezi valves ayisebenzi kakuhle, intliziyo yethu kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi. Kufana nokwenza umsebenzi wasekhaya ngocango oluphukileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, intliziyo inokuba buthathaka.

Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela iingxaki zevalvu yentliziyo:

• Utshintsho ngokweminyaka: Njengoko sikhula, njengezinye iindawo zomzimba, iivalvu nazo zinokutshintsha izinto ezithile. Iivalvu zinokuqina zize zibe necalcium eninzi.
• Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Oku kuthetha isifo sentliziyo esibakho xa umntu ezalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha iivalvu zisenokungabikho, okanye zisenokuba nobukhulu okanye imilo engalunganga. Umzekelo, imeko ye-"Aortic Valve" apho kukho iivalvu ezimbini kuphela (iBicuspid Aortic Valve).
• Iintsholongwane:Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziibhaktheriya, ezifana nomkhuhlane wamathambo, zingonakalisa iivalvu zentliziyo. I-infective endocarditis nayo yintsholongwane eyingozi echaphazela iivalvu.
• Ezinye izifo ezisisiseko: Umzekelo, isifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, okanye ezinye iimeko zentliziyo nazo zinokuchaphazela iivalvu.

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeengxaki ezibonakala kwiivalvu zentliziyo. Nayiphi na kwezi ngxaki inokuvela nakweyiphi na kwiivalvu ezine.

1. Ukubuyela umva: Oku kwenzeka xa ivalvu ingavali kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi livuze umva. Cinga ngayo njengocango olungavali kakuhle kwaye izinto ezivela ngaphandle zingena. Abanye abantu bakubiza oku ngokuthi 'yivalvu yentliziyo evuzayo'. Olunye uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwale nto lubizwa ngokuba yi-prolapse . Oku kwenzeka xa i-valve flap igoba umva okanye ivuvukala. Oku kuhlala kubonakala kwi-Mitral Valve (Mitral Valve Prolapse).

2. I-Stenosis: Oku kwenzeka xa amaphecana evalvu eqina, eqina, okanye enamathelana. Ivalvu ayivuleki kakuhle, kwaye indlela yokuhamba kwegazi iba mxinwa. Cinga ngayo njengocango olungavuleki kakuhle, kwaye indlela ivalekile. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima ukutyhala igazi lingene.

3. I-Atresia: Le yimeko embi kakhulu nengaqhelekanga. Okwenzekayo koku kukuba ivalvu ayikakhiwa ngokupheleleyo. Oko kukuthi, ivalvu ayikho kwasekuzalweni. Oku kudla ngokuchongwa xa kuzalwa.

Ezi meko zibangela uxinzelelo olungakumbi entliziyweni, nto leyo engayilungelanga intliziyo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele oku.

Zithini iimpawu zeengxaki zevalvu yentliziyo? Sizibona njani?

Abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki zevalvu yentliziyo kodwa bangabonakalisi zimpawu , ingakumbi kwizigaba zokuqala. Yiloo nto ithusayo kancinci. Ngenxa yokuba isifo sevalvu yentliziyo siqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha, iimpawu zinokubonakala kuphela njengoko ukhula okanye njengoko isifo sisiba mandundu.

Ubusazi na ukuba ukugquma kwentliziyo yakho sisandi seevalvu zentliziyo yakho ezivulekayo nezivalekayo? Uphawu lokuqala lwengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo lunokuba yi-"Heart Murmur" eviwa ngugqirha nge-stethoscope . Sisandi esingaqhelekanga esiviwayo xa intliziyo ibetha, njenge-"s...s..." okanye esinye isandi esongezelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke ii-"Heart Murmurs" ezibangelwa yingxaki yevalvu. Ngamanye amaxesha kukho uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Innocent Heart Murmur" olungenabungozi, ingakumbi ebantwaneni. Ngugqirha kuphela onokuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonwa ziquka:

• Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungakhululeki okufana nokuxinana kwesifuba.
• Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuziva ukhathazekile.
• Ukuquleka (ukulahlekelwa zingqondo), ingakumbi xa usenza umsebenzi onzima.
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu (Ndidinwe kakhulu)Ayikokudinwa nje kuphela, kodwa kukudinwa okuvakala ngathi kungaphaya kwamandla akho nasemva kokwenza into encinci, kangangokuba uzive ngathi ulele imini yonke.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okanye ukuziva ukubetha kwentliziyo okubuhlungu nokungaqhelekanga.
• Ukuphefumla kancinci , ingakumbi xa usenza umthambo, unyuka izinyuko, okanye ulele phantsi.
• Ukudumba kwamaqatha, iinyawo, imilenze, okanye isisu (`i-Edema`). Oku kubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo emzimbeni kuba intliziyo ayipompi igazi ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha . Akuyonto ilungileyo ukuhlala nje uzenze zibe mbi ngakumbi, akunjalo? Ezi mpawu zisenokuba zibangelwa yenye into, kodwa kubalulekile ukuya kuhlolwa.

Yintoni onokuyenza ukugcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni nokuba unesifo sentliziyo?

Masithi ugqirha uqinisekisile ukuba unesifo sentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, zikho izinto onokuzenza ukugcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni kangangoko, uthintele ezinye iingxaki, kwaye wenze ubomi bakho bube mnandi ngakumbi. Kubalulekile ukulandela la macebiso:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Ukutshaya akubi nje entliziyweni kodwa nakumzimba wonke. Kubi nangakumbi kumntu onesifo sentliziyo.
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol . Ukulawula oku kunceda kakhulu intliziyo. Sela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngqo.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo. Oko kuthetha ukutya okunetyuwa encinci, iswekile, neoyile encinci, okunamafutha agcweleyo amancinci kunye namafutha e-trans aphantsi, kunye neziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo. Kukwakho neendlela ezilungileyo zokutya kwethu kwasekuhlaleni. Ungacela iingcebiso kwingcali yesondlo.
• Zilolonge rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuba loluphi uhlobo lomthambo olulungele wena kunye nexesha omele ulwenze. Ukuhamba malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ngosuku kudla ngokuba kuhle.
• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo. Ndwendwela ugqirha wakho wentliziyo rhoqo kwaye ufumane uvavanyo olufana ne-echocardiogram. Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ukuba iivalvu zakho ziqhuba njani.
• Sela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho) ngaphambi konyango lwamazinyo okanye olunye utyando . Oku kunokuba yimfuneko kubantu abanezifo ezithile zevalvu yentliziyo, ukuthintela usulelo olufana ne-infective endocarditis. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
• Xelela bonke ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zempilo, kuquka nogqirha wamazinyo, ukuba unengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo ukuze bakwazi ukuyiqwalasela xa bekunyanga.
• Nciphisa umlinganiselo wetyuwa oyisebenzisayo. Oku kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni ukugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni kunye nokulawula ukudumba.

Khumbula, ukulandela ezi zinto kunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho kwaye kunciphise iingxaki ezibangelwa sisifo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unengxaki yevalvu yentliziyo, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu malunga ne-endocarditis . Olu luhlobo losulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo okanye ivalvu zayo. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona iimpawu zosulelo , oko kuthetha ukuba:

• Umkhuhlane wesizathu esingaziwayo
• Imvakalelo yokubanda okukrakra
• Ukubila ebusuku
• Intlungu yomzimba
• Ukudinwa ngequbuliso
• Umqala obuhkungu

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko . Musa ukulibazisa.

Kwakhona, ukuba naziphi na iimpawu zevalvu yentliziyo ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili (iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa, ukudumba) zibonakala zintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu ezikhoyo ziya zisiba mandundu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

Okokugqibela, le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule!

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle imithambo yentliziyo kwinto esiyithethileyo namhlanje. Ngamafutshane, ezi mithambo zifana nenkqubo encinci yeminyango ebaluleke kakhulu entliziyweni yethu. Ukuba azisebenzi kakuhle, zinokuchaphazela impilo yomzimba wonke.

• Vumela oogqirha bamamele ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho. Ukuba ugqirha uva "ukukhala kwentliziyo" okungaqhelekanga, baza kukuphanda. Baza kukuxelela ukuba kuyinto enzulu okanye akunjalo.
• Nika ingqalelo kwiimpawu. Musa ukuzityeshela izinto ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukudinwa, kunye nokudumba. Zisenokuba ziimpawu zomzimba wakho ezikunika zona.
• Landela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Ukutya kakuhle, ukuzilolonga, ukuphepha ukutshaya, kunye nokulawula ubunzima bakho konke oku kubaluleke kakhulu entliziyweni yakho.
• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo. Ukuba ingxaki ichongiwe kwangethuba, kulula ukuyinyanga kwaye iingxaki azipheli.

Intliziyo yakho ifana nenjini yobomi bakho. Luxanduva lwakho ukuyinyamekela kakuhle. Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye iingxaki, ungaze woyike ukuthetha nogqirha, kwaye ungaze ufike emva kwexesha. Awuwedwa, kwaye sonke, iingcali zezempilo, silapha ukukunceda nokukukhokela!

Iivalvu zentliziyo , isifo sentliziyo, ukusebenza kwentliziyo, ukujikeleza kwegazi, iimpawu zeevalvu, impilo yentliziyo, ukhathalelo lwentliziyo