Masithethe ngenkqubo yamathambo (inkqubo yemisipha) enika umzimba wakho amandla.

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba umzimba wakho ufumana njani ukuma kwawo, ukhusela njani amalungu abuthathaka angaphakathi kuwe njengentliziyo nemiphunga yakho? Kwaye ngubani okuncedayo ukuhambisa amalungu akho, ukubaleka, nokutsiba ngokuthanda kwakho? Konke oku kuncedwa yinkqubo emangalisayo emzimbeni wethu. Leyo yinkqubo yamathambo, okanye siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Skeletal System" okanye "Musculoskeletal System".

Yintoni iSkeletal System?

Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yakho yamathambo yeyona nto ixhasa umzimba wakho ngendlela eyiyo kwaye inceda ekubambeni amalungu akho angaphakathi. Ifana neendonga zendlu. Kodwa ayilothambo nje kuphela. Ingaphezulu nje kwamathambo. Ikwayilwe zizicubu ezinxibelelanayo ezikukhuselayo nezikunika amandla xa ushukuma, izihlunu ezikuncedayo ukuhamba, kunye nenkqubo eyenza iiseli zegazi ezintsha ukuze zikugcine uphilile. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yiMusculoskeletal System. Yinkqubo edibanisa izihlunu namathambo.

Zeziphi iinkonzo ezinikezelwa yinkqubo yamathambo emizimbeni yethu?

Inkqubo yethu yamathambo yenza imisebenzi eliqela emzimbeni wethu. Eminye yayo kulula ukuyibona nokuyiva. Kodwa eminye ayibonakali, kwaye yonke ibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni nakwimpilo yethu. Makhe sijonge le misebenzi iphambili:

• Imilo yomzimba: Umzimba wakho ngulowo uxhasa ubunzima bomzimba wakho wonke. Kulapho zonke ezinye izicubu zomzimba wakho zincamatheliswe khona, njengezibonda zentente.
• Ukunceda ngokushukuma: Amalungu akho, izicwili ezidityanisiweyo, kunye nezihlunu zonke zisebenza kunye ukushukuma, ukutyhala, nokutsala amalungu omzimba wakho. Cinga ngako, xa uphakamisa ingalo okanye ugoba umlenze, zonke zisebenza kunye.
• Ukukhusela Amalungu Angaphakathi: Enyanisweni, amathambo omntu afana nesambatho sokukhusela amalungu angaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Intloko yakho ikhusela ubuchopho bakho. Iimbambo esifubeni sakho zikhusela intliziyo yakho kunye nemiphunga. Amathambo angasemva kwakho akhusela umqolo wakho. Jonga ukuba zibaluleke kangakanani!
• Ukwenza iiseli zegazi ezintsha: Umongo wethambo, ophakathi kwamathambo athile, wenza iiseli zegazi ezibomvu ezintsha kunye neeseli zegazi ezimhlophe ezifunekayo emizimbeni yethu ukuze sihlale siphilile. Le yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu.
• Ukugcinwa kweeminerali: Iiminerali ezifana necalcium kunye nevithamin D, ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu, zigcinwa ngaphakathi emathanjeni ethu. Ezi zikhutshwa emzimbeni xa zifuneka.

Ziziphi iindawo eziphambili zenkqubo yamathambo?

Xa ucinga ngenkqubo yamathambo, mhlawumbi ucinga ngethambo leplastiki owawunalo kwiklasi yesayensi yesikolo, akunjalo? Ewe, linawo onke amathambo akho kulo. Kodwa, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezininzi zezicubu kwinkqubo yakho yamathambo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Amathambo: Amathambo lolona lwakhiwo luphambili lomzimba wakho. Kukho amathambo aphakathi kwama-206 nama-213 emzimbeni womntu omdala. Ithambo ngalinye linemilo ethile kunye nomsebenzi othile.
• Izihlunu: Izihlunu zenziwe ngeefayibha ezilukiweyo nezithambileyo. Kukho izihlunu ezingaphezu kwama-600 emzimbeni wakho. Ezi zezona zikuncedayo ukwenza yonke into ukusuka ekuhambeni, ukubaleka, nokutsiba ukuya ekuphefumleni nasekugayeni ukutya.
• I-Cartilage: I-Cartilage sisicwili esomeleleyo, kodwa esiguquguqukayo. Isebenza njengesifunxi-manxeba esibangela ukuthuthumela emalungwini ethu. Oko kukuthi, iyafunxa ukuthuthumela okwenzeka xa sishukuma kwaye sitsiba kwaye ikhusela amathambo.
• IiLigaments: IiLigaments ziintambo eziqinileyo zezicubu ezidibanisa amathambo. Ezi zezona zinto zigcina amalungu ezinzile.
• Imisipha: Imisipha zizakhiwo eziqinileyo, ezifana neentambo ezidibanisa izihlunu namathambo. Xa uxhuzula izihlunu, imisipha iyatsala ithambo, nto leyo ebangela intshukumo.
• Amalunga: Ilungu lilo naliphi na indawo apho amathambo amabini okanye ngaphezulu adibana khona. Lisenokuba nenxalenye (okanye yonke) ye-cartilage ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, i-ligaments, kunye nezinye izinto. Amalunga ngawona asivumela ukuba sigobe kwaye solule imizimba yethu.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela inkqubo yamathambo?

Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yethu yamathambo iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yendlela esisebenzisa ngayo imizimba yethu, izifo ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kunye nokwenzakala kunokuyichaphazela. Nantoni na eyonakalisa amathambo akho okanye izicubu ezidityanisiweyo inokuchaphazela inkqubo yamathambo. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• I-Arthritis: Kulapho amalungu evuvukala khona, nto leyo ebangela iintlungu nokudumba.
• I-Bursitis: Ukudumba kweengxowa ezizaliswe lulwelo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-bursa kufutshane namalungu.
• I-Tendinitis: Ukudumba kwemisipha.
• I-Osteoporosis: Le yimeko apho amathambo aba mancinci, angabi namandla, kwaye aphuke lula. Le meko ixhaphake ngakumbi xa umntu ekhula.

Izifo ezininzi zokuzikhusela komzimba zichaphazela inkqubo yemisipha, ingakumbi amalungu. Ezi zizifo apho inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlasela iiseli zethu. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuba yi-rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
• Isifo samathambo se-Psoriatic
• I-Lupus
• Isifo sikaSjögren

Ukuwa, iingozi zeemoto, kunye nokwenzakala kwezemidlalo (iingozi) kudla ngokubangela umonakalo kwinkqubo yamathambo. Ezinye iingozi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo
• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo (okanye amathambo aphukileyo)
• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo - amathambo kwilungu aphuma endaweni yalo.
• Ukutsalwa kwemisipha (okanye izihlunu ezitsaliweyo)
• Ukukrazuka kwe-ligament kunye nokukruquka

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zengxaki yenkqubo yamathambo?

Ngenxa yokuba izifo ezininzi kunye nokwenzakala kunokuchaphazela inkqubo yamathambo, unokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, kufuneka uzazi.

• Intlungu: Isenokuba yintlungu yemisipha, intlungu yamalungu, okanye intlungu yamathambo. Le ntlungu inokuba yeyasekuhlaleni okanye isasazeke ngokubanzi.
• Ukuqina/Ukuqina: Usenokuziva kunzima ukuhambisa indawo echaphazelekayo, ingakumbi kusasa.
• Ukudumba: Sikwabiza oku ngokuthi `(ukudumba)`. Indawo echaphazelekayo isenokubonakala idumbile.
• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu okanye ukukrweleka: Oku kunokubonwa xa kukho ukwenzakala.
• Ukuziva ushushu: Indawo isenokuvakala ishushu kunezinye iindawo xa uyichukumisa. Oku kukwaluphawu lokuvuvukala.
• Ubunzima bokushukumisa inxalenye yomzimba: Oku kuthetha ukuba uluhlu lwentshukumo olunokushukunyiswa ngokuqhelekileyo luyancipha.
• Ukuva okanye ukuva isandi 'sokugquma' okanye isandi sokusila: Olu hlobo lwesandi lunokuviwa xa ilungu lishukunyiswa.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwa kwinkqubo yamathambo?

Ugqirha uza kucebisa uvavanyo olusekelwe kwindawo oneentlungu kuyo okanye ezinye iimpawu. Kusenokufuneka wenze uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Ii-X-reyi: Ezi zihlala zenziwa ukujonga izinto ezifana nokuqhekeka kwamalungu kunye notshintsho kumalungu.
• I-Ultrasound: Isetyenziselwa ukukhangela iingxaki kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezifana nezihlunu, imisipha, kunye nemisipha.
• I-CT scan (`I-computed tomography (CT) scan`): Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngamathambo kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo.
• I-MRI (iMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Oku kuluncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni iingxaki ngezinto ezifana namalungu, i-cartilage, i-tendon, i-ligaments, kunye ne-spinal cord.
• Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo (i-DXA scan): Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba amathambo akho aqine kangakanani na kwaye nokuba unesifo esifana ne-osteoporosis.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwenkqubo yamathambo?

Ngaphandle kokuba unesifo okanye ukwenzakala okufihlakeleyo, inkqubo yakho yemisipha ayidingi nyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kufumanisa unobangela weempawu zakho aze acebise unyango oluya kunceda umzimba wakho uphile. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Amayeza: Ungathatha amayeza afana namayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) afana ne-ibuprofen, naproxen, kunye ne-acetaminophen ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokukunika ii-corticosteroids okanye amayeza athile kwisifo esihlasela umzimba.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambahamba:Emva kokwenzakala, kuya kufuneka unxibe i-brace, i-splint, i-sling, okanye i-cast. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuhamba kwendawo eyonzakeleyo kwaye kuncede ukuba iphole. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo olufunekayo kunye nexesha elingakanani omele ulinxibe.
• Unyango lomzimba: Ingcali yonyango lomzimba inokukunceda uqinise izihlunu, yonyuse ukuguquguquka, kwaye inciphise iintlungu, ingakumbi emva kokwenzakala okanye utyando.
• Ukutshintshwa kwamalungu (i-Arthroplasty (ukutshintshwa kwamalungu): Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abo bane-arthritis enzima, banokufuna ukutshintshwa inxalenye okanye onke amalungu abo. Izinqe namadolo zezona zixhaphakileyo. Ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha uza kukuxelela okungakumbi ngale nto.

Ndingayigcina njani inkqubo yam yamathambo isempilweni?

Ukulandela ukutya okunempilo (okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D) kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga esikufaneleyo kuya kunceda ukugcina amathambo akho (kwaye ngokubanzi) esempilweni. Kwakhona, ngokuya kuvavanyo lwezonyango rhoqo, unokwazi ukubona ngokukhawuleza naziphi na iingxaki okanye iimpawu ezichaphazela inkqubo yakho yamathambo.

Landela la macebiso okhuseleko ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokwenzakala:

• Soloko unxibe ibhanti yakho xa uqhuba. Ngokuqinisekileyo!
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela kuyo nayiphi na imisebenzi okanye imidlalo, njengezigcina-ntloko kunye neephedi zamadolo.
• Zolula, fudumeza, kwaye uphole ngaphambi nasemva komsebenzi onzima womzimba. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala kwemisipha namalungu.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo osebenza kuyo zingenazo izinto ezingafunekiyo ezinokukukhubekisa okanye zikhubeke kwabanye. Musa ukushiya izinto phantsi.
• Soloko usebenzisa izixhobo okanye izixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukufikelela kwizinto eziphakamileyo ekhayeni lakho. Ungaze ukhwele ezitulweni, etafileni, okanye kwiikhawuntara. Sebenzisa into efana neleli encinci.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuhamba okanye usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuwa, sebenzisa intonga okanye i-walker. Akunantloni, kubalulekile ukuba ukhuseleke.

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Inkqubo yakho yamathambo ifana nesakhelo esibamba umzimba wakho wonke. Nokuba ungumdlali wezemidlalo odumileyo okanye umntu ohleli ebhasini efunda eli nqaku kwifowuni yakhe, uhlala usebenzisa amathambo akho, izihlunu kunye nezicubu ezinxibelelanayo.

Khumbula, ukuba ufumana nayiphi na intlungu entsha, ukuqina, okanye ezinye iimpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.Uza kukuchazela ukuba yintoni ebangela ezi mpawu kunye nendlela onokubuyela ngayo kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunyamekela umzimba wakho!

Inkqubo yamathambo, amathambo, izihlunu, amalungu, impilo yamathambo, izifo zamathambo, imilo yomzimba