Masifunde nje ngeNkqubo yeLymphatic: Umkhuseli ofihlakeleyo woMzimba wethu!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba kukho olunye uthungelwano olumangalisayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu, ngaphandle kwenkqubo yegazi? Le yinkqubo esebenza njengamandla okuzikhusela emizimbeni yethu kwaye inceda ukugcina imizimba yethu icocekile. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo ye-lymphatic, okanye ngesiNgesi, `(Lymphatic System)`. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe namhlanje, kulungile?

Yintoni iLymphatic System? Ngamafutshane...

Khawucinge ngenkqubo yeemijelo emincinci emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ulwelo olungenambala nolunamanzi luhamba kwezi mijelo. Olo lwelo yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi "lymph." Inkqubo ye-lymphatic yenziwe ngezi mijelo ze-lymph, ii-lymph nodes, kunye nezinye izitho ezikhethekileyo. Zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kunye ukubuyisela ulwelo lwe-lymph egazini lethu.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, inkqubo ye-lymphatic yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela . Oko kukuthi, idlala indima enkulu ekusikhuseleni kwizifo, ilwa neentsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni, kwaye itshabalalisa iiseli ezindala, ezingaqhelekanga ezingasafunekiyo emzimbeni. Ukongeza, inkqubo ye-lymphatic ikwanceda ekugcineni amanqanaba olwelo emzimbeni kwaye ifunxa amafutha kunye neevithamini ezinyibilikayo kumafutha ezivela ekutyeni esikutyayo ziye egazini. Ayimangalisi loo nto?

Zeziphi iinkonzo esizinikwa yinkqubo ye-lymphatic?

Makhe sibone ukuba lo msebenzi ubalulekileyo owenziwa yile nkqubo ye-lymphatic emzimbeni wethu nguwuphi.

• Ukuqokelela ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni nokulubuyisela egazini: Kukho ulwelo olugqithisileyo oluqokelelene kwizicwili zomzimba wethu. Omnye wemisebenzi yayo ephambili kukuqokelela olu lwelo nokulubuyisela kwinkqubo yegazi. Oku kukugcina umgangatho ochanekileyo wolwelo emzimbeni. Kwakhona, le nkqubo inceda ekuhluzeni imveliso engcolileyo kunye neeseli ezingaqhelekanga kolu lwelo.
• Inceda ekufunxeni amafutha: Uninzi lwezondlo ekutyeni esikutyayo zinokufunxwa emzimbeni ngeembobo ezincinci kwimithambo yegazi yethu (ii-capillaries). Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zamafutha kunye neemolekyuli ezinkulu azinakufunxwa ngale ndlela. Ngelo xesha, inkqubo ye-lymphatic iqokelela ulwelo oluqulethe la masuntswana emathunjini ethu ize iwabuyisele egazini.
• Ukukhusela umzimba kubahlaseli: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, inkqubo ye-lymphatic yinxalenye enkulu yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Ivelisa kwaye ikhuphe ii-lymphocytes , uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye nezinye iiseli zokuzikhusela. Ezi seli zinoxanduva lokufumana nokutshabalalisa abahlaseli abanjengeebhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, iiparasites, kunye nefungi ezizama ukungena emzimbeni.

Khawuthelekelele, ukuba imizimba yethu sisixeko esikhulu, inkqubo ye-lymphatic ifana neqela elikhethekileyo eligcina eso sixeko sicocekile, lisusa inkunkuma, kwaye liyikhusele ekuhlaselweni ziintshaba.

Isebenza njani le nkqubo ye-lymphatic? Makhe siyijonge ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Le yinkqubo enomdla kakhulu. Mamela...

Yonke imihla, inxalenye engamanzi egazini lethu, ebizwa ngokuba yiplasma,Malunga neelitha ezingama-20 zolwelo ziphuma ngemingxunya emincinci kwi-capillaries zethu. Kufana namanzi aphuma kwi-sponge. Ngoko ke olu lwelo luya phi? Olu lwelo luthwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo ukuya kwizicubu ezijikeleze i-capillaries. Izicubu zifunxa kakuhle ezi zondlo, kodwa zishiya ngasemva imveliso engcolileyo.

Ngoko ke, le plasma iqokelela loo nkunkuma ize ibuyele egazini ngendlela efanayo naleyo yafika ngayo, ngeembobo zee-capillaries. Malunga neelitha ezili-17 zeplasma zibuyiselwa egazini ngale ndlela yonke imihla. Ekuqaleni, iilitha ezingama-20 ziyaphuma, emva koko malunga neelitha ezi-3 zisala kwizicubu zomzimba, akunjalo?

Kulapho inkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic ingena khona. Ii-capillaries ze-lymphatic ezintle kakhulu ziqokelela olu lwelo luseleyo kwizicubu. Ngeli xesha lohambo, ulwelo lutshintsha igama lalo: alusabizwa ngokuba yi-plasma, kodwa yi-lymph . Emva koko, kwezi capillaries ze-lymphatic, i-lymph ithunyelwa kwimijelo emikhulu kancinci, ebizwa ngokuba yi-lymphatic vessels.

I-lymph iyaqhubeka nokuhamba kwezi vessels ze-lymphatic, ekugqibeleni idibanisa imijelo emibini ephambili kwinxalenye ephezulu yesifuba sethu. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-right lymphatic duct kunye ne-thoracic duct . Ezi zifana neengcango eziya kwindlela enkulu. Ezi mijelo mibini idibanisa imithambo emikhulu engasemva kwe-collarbone yethu (imithambo ye-subclavian), kwaye ulwelo lwe-lymph lukhutshwa kuloo mijelo. Ukusuka apho, ulwelo lwe-lymph luphinda lufunxwe egazini kwaye luqale ukuhamba emzimbeni wonke. Uyaqonda?

Ngawaphi amalungu omzimba aphantsi kwenkqubo ye-lymphatic?

Inkqubo ye-lymphatic ayilolungu elinye, kodwa yinkqubo eyenziwe zizinto ezininzi. Makhe sijonge amalungu aphambili:

• Umongo Wethambo: Le yinxalenye ethambileyo, ethambileyo ngaphakathi kwamanye amathambo ethu (njengethambo lesinqe, umqolo, kunye nethambo eliphakathi kwesifuba). Umsebenzi ophambili womongo wethambo kukwenza iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, kunye neeplatelets.
• I-Thymus: Eli lungu likwisifuba esingaphezulu, ngaphantsi kwethambo lesifuba. Lisebenza kakhulu ngexesha lokufikisa. Ii-T-cells , uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi, zikhule ngokupheleleyo apha. Ezi T-cells zinceda umzimba ukuba ulwe nabahlaseli bamanye amazwe.
• Ama-Lymph Nodes: La ngama-glands amile okweembotyi. Njengoko i-lymph idlula kuwo, ayayihluza aze ayijonge. Asusa iiseli ezonakeleyo kunye neeseli zomhlaza. Akwagcina ii-lymphocytes kunye nezinye iiseli zomzimba ezitshabalalisa izinto eziyingozi njengeebhaktheriya. Kukho malunga nama-600 ama-lymph nodes emizimbeni yethu. Amanye awo ahlanganiswe ndawonye ngamatyathanga. Ngamanye amaxesha unokuziva ezi lymph nodes kwiindawo ezifana namakhwapha akho, i-groin, kunye nentamo. Amanye afumaneka nzulu emzimbeni.
• Ispleen:Eli lelona lungu likhulu kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic. Likwicala lethu lasekhohlo, ngaphantsi kweembambo, ngaphezu kwesisu. I-spleen ihluza igazi lethu kwaye isuse iiseli ezindala, ezingasebenzi kakuhle. Ikwagcina iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets ukuze zisetyenziswe xa umzimba uzifuna.
• Izicubu ze-lymphoid ezidityaniswe ne-Mucosa (i-MALT): Ezi zicubu zifumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Umzekelo, zifumaneka kwiitoni zethu, kwindlela yokuphefumla, emathunjini amancinci, nakwi-appendix. Umsebenzi we-MALT kukufumana nokutshabalalisa iintsholongwane ezinokusenzakalisa.

Ziziphi ezinye iindawo zenkqubo ye-lymphatic?

Inkqubo ye-lymphatic liqela elikhulu. Amanye amalungu aphambili ale nkqubo ngala:

• I-lymph: I-lymph, okanye i-lymphatic fluid, lulwelo olugqithisileyo oluphuma kwiiseli kunye nezicubu zomzimba wethu kwaye aluphindi lufunxwe kwi-capillaries. Iqulethe izinto ezininzi, kuquka iiproteni, iiminerali, amafutha, iiseli ezonakeleyo, iiseli zomhlaza, kunye neetyhefu. I-lymph ikwathutha iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ii-lymphocytes) ezilwa nosulelo.
• Imithambo ye-lymphatic: Le yinethiwekhi entsonkothileyo yemijelo ehamba emizimbeni yethu. Ezona mijelo zincinci zii-lymphatic capillaries. Ezi zidibana zenze imijelo emikhulu, ekugqibeleni edibanisa imijelo emibini ephambili esifubeni esingaphezulu. Ulwelo lwe-lymph luhamba kwezi mijelo ngenxa yokuphefumla kwemithambo ekufutshane kunye nokuxinana kwemisipha. Ezi mijelo zinevalvu ezivumela i-lymph ukuba ihambe kwicala elinye kuphela.
• Iipayipi zokuqokelela: Iipayipi ezimbini eziphambili esifubeni esingaphezulu (umjelo we-lymphatic osekunene kunye nomjelo wesifuba) kulapho ulwelo lwe-lymph luqokelelana khona kwimithambo ye-subclavian engasemva kwamathambo ethu e-collarbone. Ezi zifana neendawo apho ulwelo lwe-lymph luphinda luhlangane khona negazi.
• Iitoni kunye nee-adenoids: Ezi zinoxanduva lokubamba iintsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni ngokutya esikutyayo kunye nomoya esiwuphefumlayo. Ziyindlela yokuqala yokuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane. Iitoni zifumaneka ngasemva kwemiqala yethu. Ii-adenoids zifumaneka ngasemva komngxuma wempumlo, kodwa zisebenza kuphela ngexesha lobuntwana.

Ziziphi izifo kunye neengxaki ezichaphazela inkqubo ye-lymphatic?

Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic. Ezinye zazo zikhona ngaphambi kokuzalwa okanye ngexesha lobuntwana. Ezinye zibangelwa kukugula okanye ukwenzakala. Nazi ezinye zezifo kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nenkqubo ye-lymphatic:

• I-Lymphadenopathy: Ama-lymph nodes anokudumba ngenxa yezifo, ukudumba, kunye nomhlaza. Izifo zomphimbo ezifana ne-strep throat, i-mononucleosis, kunye ne-HIV nazo zinokubangela ukuba ama-lymph nodes adumbe, njengoko kunjalo nangosulelo lolusu. Xa ama-lymph nodes edumba ngenxa yosulelo okanye imeko yokudumba, ibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphadenitis .
• Ukudumba okubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo (iLymphedema):I-Lymphedema inokwenzeka xa inkqubo ye-lymphatic ivalwe zizicwili eziqokelelana kwii-lymph nodes okanye kwiithishu. Oku kunokwenzeka nokuba ii-lymph nodes zisusiwe njengenxalenye yonyango lwesifo esifana nomhlaza. I-Lymphedema idla ngokubangelwa kukuqokelelwa kolwelo ezingalweni okanye emilenzeni. Ngamanye amaxesha inokudumba kancinci, okanye inokuba buhlungu kakhulu kwaye ibe nzima ngokwaneleyo ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ibe nzima. Abantu abane-lymphedema basengozini yokufumana usulelo olunzulu lolusu olunokuba yingozi kwaye lude lubeke ubomi esichengeni.
• I-Lymphoma: I-Lymphoma ngumhlaza okhula kwii-lymph nodes. Ibangelwa kukukhula okungalawulekiyo kunye nokwanda kweeseli ezibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphocytes. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-lymphoma, ezifana ne-"Hodgkin's lymphoma" kunye ne-"non-Hodgkin's lymphoma". Kwakhona, ii-tumor ezinomhlaza zinokuvala imithambo ye-lymph kwaye ziphazamise ukuhamba kolwelo lwe-lymph kufutshane nee-lymph nodes.

Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yi:

• I-Lymphangitis: Oku kukuvuvukala kwemithambo yakho ye-lymph.
• I-Lymphangioma: Le yimeko yokuzalwa. Ukukhula kakhulu kwemithambo ye-lymph kubangela ukuba kubekho ama-cyst angenamhlaza, azele lulwelo phantsi kolusu.
• I-lymphangiectasia yamathumbu: Ukulahlekelwa yi-lymphatic tissue emathunjini amancinci kubangela ukuba iiproteni, i-gamma globulins, i-albumin, kunye ne-lymphocytes ziphume emzimbeni.
• I-Lymphocytosis: Kule meko, inani lee-lymphocytes emzimbeni liyanda ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.
• I-lymphatic filariasis: Olu luhlobo losulelo olubangelwa zizinambuzane oluphazamisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-lymphatic.
• Isifo sikaCastleman: Oku kubangelwa kukukhula kakhulu kweeseli kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic yomzimba.
• I-Lymphangioleiomyomatosis: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga apho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nemisipha ziqala ukukhula ngokungalawulekiyo emiphungeni, kwii-lymph nodes, nasezintso.
• I-Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza esibangela ukuba kubekho ii-lymphocytes ezininzi kwi-lymph nodes, esibindini, nakwi-spleen.
• I-Mesenteric lymphadenitis: Oku kukudumba kwama-lymph nodes esiswini (esiswini).

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezinokunceda ekuqinisekiseni impilo yenkqubo yam ye-lymphatic?

Ukujonga ukuba inkqubo yakho ye-lymphatic isebenza kakuhle kangakanani, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa iimvavanyo zokufota, ezifana ne-"Computed Tomography (CT scan)" okanye i-"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)". Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela iziphumo zezi mvavanyo kunye nendlela ezinokukuchaphazela ngayo.

Ndingayigcina njani inkqubo yam ye-lymphatic isempilweni?

Ukuze ugcine inkqubo yakho ye-lymphatic iqinile kwaye isempilweni, kufuneka wenze ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Kuphephe ukudibana neekhemikhali ezinobungozi ezifumaneka kwiimveliso zokucoca izibulali-zinambuzane. Ezi khemikhali zinokuqokelelana emzimbeni wakho kwaye zenze kube nzima ukuba umzimba wakho ucofe inkunkuma.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi . Oku kuya kukunceda uhlale unamanzi emzimbeni kwaye kuncede ulwelo lwe-lymph luhambe ngokulula emzimbeni wakho wonke.
• Landela indlela yokuphila enempilo . Oku kuquka ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunye nokutya okunesondlo. Ugqirha wakho angakunika iingcebiso ezithile ngokusekelwe kwimbali yakho yezonyango kunye neemfuno zakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Bona ugqirha ukuba unale mpawu:

• Ukudinwa kakhulu.
• Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo. Oku kungaba luphawu losulelo oluqhelekileyo, njengomqala obuhlungu, okanye kungaba luphawu lwemeko embi kakhulu, njengomhlaza okanye i-HIV.
• Ukudumba okuhlala iiveki ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa ngaphandle kwesizathu kwaye kuphazamisana nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Xa sijonga umzobo womzimba womntu, amehlo ethu aya kwangoko kwizitho ezinkulu ezifana nentliziyo nengqondo, okanye kwimigca ebomvu emele imithambo yethu yegazi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho olunye uthungelwano lwemigca olungasoloko luboniswa kwezo mizobo, kodwa lubaluleke ngokufanayo - uthungelwano lweendlela ezithambileyo ezithwala ulwelo lwe-lymph emizimbeni yethu. Njengeendlela ezihamba ecaleni kwesinye isixeko, imithambo yethu yegazi kunye nemithambo ye-lymph isasazeke kuzo zonke iikona zemizimba yethu, isibonelela ngezinto esizidingayo, kwaye senza eminye imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo yokusigcina somelele.

Inkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic inokuchaphazeleka ziimeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinokuphazamisana nemisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla. Ukuba ufunyaniswe unemeko efana nale, ungaziva wothukile kwaye woyika ngekamva. Ukufunda okungakumbi ngenkqubo ye-lymphatic kunye nendlela esebenza ngayo kunokukunceda uqonde okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho kunye nendlela unyango olunokunceda ngayo. Cela ugqirha wakho ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nenkqubo yakho ye-lymphatic kunye nemeko yakho ethile.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ke, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule koko sithethe ngako namhlanje:

• Inkqubo ye-lymphatic ngumkhuseli obalulekileyo nofihlakeleyo emizimbeni yethu. Yinxalenye enkulu yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela.
• Le nkqubo inceda ukugcina ulungelelwano lolwelo emzimbeni, ukufunxa amafutha, kunye nokulwa neetyhefu .
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuba uneempawu ezinje ngokudumba kwee-lymph nodes okanye ukudumba okukhoyo emzimbeni wakho.
• Ungayigcina inkqubo yakho ye-lymphatic isempilweni ngokusela amanzi amaninzi nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni .

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba unolwazi oluhle ngenkqubo ye-lymphatic. Ukwazi izinto ezinje kuya kukunceda kakhulu ekunyamekeleni impilo yakho.

"Inkqubo ye-lymphatic, ukuzikhusela komzimba, ii-lymph nodes, i-spleen, impilo