Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi kwimiphunga yakho? Masithethe nge-bronchoscopy!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhwehlela rhoqo, kunzima ukuphefumla, okanye igazi elincinci kwi-phlegm yakho xa ukhwehlela? Ngeli xesha, xa uye kugqirha, ukuba ukuxelela ukuba "wenze i-bronchoscopy", ungaziva usoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Ngoko ke, yintoni le bronchoscopy? Kutheni isenziwa? Ngaba ibuhlungu xa isenziwa? Namhlanje, siza kuxoxa ngeempendulo zemibuzo emininzi onayo engqondweni yakho kweli nqaku. Akukho sizathu sokoyika, oku akunzima njengoko uninzi lwabantu lucinga.

Yintoni i-bronchoscopy ngokulula?

Ngamafutshane, i-bronchoscopy yinkqubo apho ityhubhu encinci enekhamera encinci (i-bronchoscope) idluliselwa kwi-windpipe (trachea) kunye nemiphunga yakho. Ifana ne-endoscopy, ejonge ngaphakathi esiswini sakho, kodwa le yeyamaphaphu akho. Ikhamera kunye nokukhanya okusekupheleni kwale tyhubhu kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngaphakathi kwendlela yakho yomoya ngokucacileyo. Oku kunokunceda ekuxilongeni, ekuhloleni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunyangwe iimeko ezithile zemiphunga.

Njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi endlwini yethu uvalekile, sifaka ucingo oluncinci size silujonge. Oogqirha basebenzisa esi sixhobo ukubona ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi emiphungeni.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeetyhubhu ze-bronchoscope:

• I-Bronchoscope eguquguqukayo: Le yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Iguquguquka, njengetyhubhu yerabha, ngoko ke inokudluliselwa ngokulula kwindlela yomoya. Isetyenziselwa ukugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile, ukuthatha isampuli yezicubu (i-biopsy), kunye nokufunxa izinto ezifana ne-mucus.
• I-Rigid Bronchoscope: Le yityhubhu etyebileyo neqinileyo. Isetyenziswa xa kukho ukuvaleka okukhulu kwindlela yomoya, okanye kwiinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo ezifana nokubeka i-stent, ukunyanga amathumba, okanye ukunqanda ukopha.

Yintoni efunyanwa yi-bronchoscopy?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha angakucela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Ukufumanisa isifo semiphunga: Fumana unobangela weempawu zakho, njengokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, ukukhohlela igazi, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.
• Emva kwe-X-ray okanye i-CT scan: Oku kwenziwa ukuze kuphandwe ngakumbi ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga ebonwayo kwi-X-ray okanye kwi-CT scan yakho, njengeempawu zomhlaza.
• Izinto ezithintela umoya: Hlola izinto ezithintela umoya kunye nokuxinana kwawo, uze uwasuse okanye uwanyange.
• Fumanisa usulelo okanye ukudumba: Fumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela usulelo okanye iimeko zokudumba emiphungeni.
• Thatha isampuli: Thatha isampuli ye-mucus okanye i-tissue (biopsy) uze uyithumele kwiimvavanyo zelebhu. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba siyintoni kanye kanye esi sifo.
• Faka i-stent: Ngamanye amaxesha le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufaka ityhubhu encinci (i-stent) ukugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile ukuba inciphile.

Khawucinge nje, ukukhohlela kuka-anti wethu uKamala akuzange kuphele kangangeenyanga. Wade wakhohlela negazi elincinci. Xa wayesenza i-X-ray, kwakukho indawo encinci emiphungeni yakhe. Emva koko ugqirha wathi makwenziwe i-bronchoscopy, kulapho sakwazi khona ukufumana ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki.

Ndingayilungiselela njani le nto?

Ugqirha okanye umongikazi wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ethile malunga nendlela yokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo. Kodwa ngokubanzi, nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uzenze:

• Ukuzila ukutya: Kungcono ungatyi okanye ungaseli nto kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo, ngesiqhelo malunga neeyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8.
• Ukuyeka amayeza athile: Ungacelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, anjenge-blood thinners (umz., i-aspirin, i-warfarin), okanye amayeza eswekile, kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza, iivithamini, kunye namayeza emifuno owasebenzisayo.
• Umntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya: Uza kunikwa iyeza lokuthomalalisa ukuze ulale ngexesha lovavanyo, ngoko ke awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba emva kovavanyo. Ngoko ke, kuya kufuneka uzise umntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya.

Ngaba kufuneka ndihlolwe nge-CT ngaphambi kokuba ndifumane i-bronchoscopy?

Ngaphandle kokuba yingxamiseko, ugqirha wakho uhlala eyalela ukuba kwenziwe i-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) yemiphunga yakho ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-bronchoscopy. I-CT scan inokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise ukuba i-bronchoscopy iyimfuneko na, okanye ukuba kukho iindawo ekufuneka zihlolwe.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-bronchoscopy?

Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa yingcali yezifo zamaphaphu esibhedlele okanye kwigumbi lotyando. Uninzi lwexesha, lwenziwa kugqirha ongaphandle. Oku kuthetha ukuba ungagoduka ngosuku olunye emva kovavanyo.

Uza kunikwa amayeza okukwenza ulale kwaye ukhululeke. Ukuba wenza i-bronchoscopy eqinileyo okanye i-biopsy, unganikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba uza kulala kakhulu kangangokuba awuyi kuva nto. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nohlobo lwe-anesthesia oza kunikwa.

I-Bronchoscopy idla ngokwenziwa ngolu hlobo:

1. Ityuwa : Ityhubhu encinci (umgca we-IV) ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho kwaye amayeza anikwa ngayo ukuze uzive ukhululekile kwaye ulele.

2. Ukulala ebhedini: Ukulala ebhedini intloko iphakanyisiwe kancinci.

3. Futha de kube yintlungu:Isifutho sokufunxa iintlungu sisetyenziswa emlonyeni wakho (mhlawumbi impumlo yakho) nasemqaleni. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukungakhululeki okuvayo xa ufaka ityhubhu.

4. Ukufaka i-bronchoscope: Emva kokuba uthomalalisiwe kwaye ulele, ugqirha uza kufaka i-bronchoscope kancinci ngempumlo okanye ngomlomo wakho, okanye ngetyhubhu efakwe ngelo xesha ukuba uthomalalisiwe, kwi-windpipe yakho aze angene emiphungeni yakho.

5. Ukususa amathe: Ekubeni ungakwazi ukuginya, amathe aqokelelana emlonyeni wakho angasuswa ngetyhubhu encinci.

6. Ukususa i-bronchoscope: Xa uhlolo lugqityiwe, ugqirha ususa ityhubhu kancinci kancinci.

7. Ukujonga oku: Abasebenzi bezonyango baza kukunyamekela ude ubuyele ezingqondweni.

Ngaba ulala ubuthongo ngokupheleleyo ngelixa usenza oku?

Uza kuziva ulele kakhulu, kwaye usenokulala. Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-bronchoscopy oyenzayo kunye nento ugqirha ayifunayo. Uninzi lwabantu luyenza le nto phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Ezinye iimvavanyo ezincinci zinokwenziwa nge-anesthetic yendawo kuphela.

Ithatha ixesha elingakanani i-bronchoscopy?

Idla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-90 . Ixesha elichanekileyo elithathayo lixhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba ugqirha enze njalo.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, le yinkqubo yokulaliswa ngaphandle kwesibhedlele, ngoko ke akufuneki uhlale esibhedlele. Ungagoduka kwiiyure ezimbalwa emva kovavanyo.

Iqela lezonyango liza kukujonga okwethutyana ukuze libone ukuba uphefumla kwaye uginya kakuhle na. Ugqirha angagqiba ekubeni enze i-X-ray yesifuba emva kovavanyo ukuze abone ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki.

Umphimbo wakho uza kuba ndindisholo kangangeyure. Usenokuba nomphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhohlela, kunye nokurhawuzelela kwiiyure ezingama-24 ezizayo. Amaconsi okukhwehlela angasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umphimbo obuhlungu. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo ngosuku olulandelayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka unciphise imisebenzi yakho.

Iqela lezonyango liza kukwazisa xa unokulindela iziphumo zovavanyo kunye nexesha ofanele ubuye ngalo ukuya kubona ugqirha.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?

Kuya kufuneka uhlale kwigumbi lokuchacha esibhedlele ubuncinane imizuzu engama-45, mhlawumbi ixesha elide, ude ungasakwazi ukulala kwaye iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo (ezifana nokuphefumla kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi) zibuyele esiqhelweni. Ngeli xesha, abasebenzi bezonyango baya kukujonga ngokusondeleyo ukuze babone ukuba ngaba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga emva kovavanyo.

Ndingatya ndize ndisele emva kovavanyo?

Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na de kube kuphele ngokupheleleyo ukudinwa emqaleni wakho (okungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiyure). Nje ukuba ukudinwa kuphele, sela amanzi kuqala, uze uqale ngokutya okungemnandi okufana ne-porridge kunye ne-yogurt.Ukuba utya okanye usela ngokukhawuleza, ukutya nesiselo zinokungena emiphungeni yakho (i-aspirate) okanye ungaminxeka.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-bronchoscopy?

I-Bronchoscopy yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, kodwa kukho iingozi ezinqabileyo, ezinje:

• Umngxuma kwindlela yomoya.
• Ukonakala okanye ukudumba kwemithambo yelizwi.
• I-Pneumothorax.

Amaxesha amaninzi, oogqirha basebenzisa i-bronchoscope eguquguqukayo kuba inokukhokelwa lula kwiindlela zomoya kwaye inokufikelela kwiindawo ezincinci zemiphunga. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, i-bronchoscope eqinileyo iyafuneka.

Ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi kunye nokuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iziphumo ze-bronchoscopy zibuye?

Buza iqela lakho lezonyango ukuba uza kuzifumana nini iziphumo. Ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy ngexesha lovavanyo, iziphumo kufuneka zifumaneke kwisithuba seveki. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo, iziphumo zingafumaneka kungekudala okanye kamva.

Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenzisa ezi ziphumo ukugqiba ukuba ngawaphi amanyathelo onyango lwakho olulandelayo. Oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu, kuxhomekeke kwinto efunyenweyo ngexesha le-bronchoscopy.

Ndingaqhagamshelana nini nogqirha wam?

Emva kovavanyo, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo, ukuwohloka komphunga, okanye enye ingxaki:

• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo.
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo okanye ukukhohlela igazi.
• Iimpawu ze-pneumonia (umz. umkhuhlane ophezulu, iintlungu zesifuba, impumlo egobhozayo).

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Bronchoscopy ayiyonto yokoyika. Luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo olunceda ekufumaneni iingxaki emiphungeni yakho nakwimiphunga. Ngamanye amaxesha lunokusetyenziswa ukunyanga. Lwenziwa kwindawo yokulaliswa ngaphandle, apho kufakwa khona ityhubhu encinci emiphungeni yakho. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba wenze olu vavanyo, uza kukuxelela okungakumbi malunga nendlela yokululungiselela. Ukuba unemibuzo, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

I- Bronchoscopy, uhlolo lwemiphunga, isifo sokuphefumla, i-biopsy, i-stent, imiphunga, ukukhwehlela