Ngaba uyazi ngale 'fektri' incinci emizimbeni yethu? Masithethe ngepancreas!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba sikwetyisa njani ukutya esikutyayo nendlela umzimba wethu olawula ngayo amanqanaba eswekile egazini? I-pancreas sisitho esimangalisayo esifihliweyo ngaphakathi esiswini sethu esisinceda kuyo yonke le nto. Ifana nomzi-mveliso omncinci, owenza imisebenzi emibini ebalulekileyo ngaxeshanye! Ngamafutshane, yinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya kwaye iyinxalenye yenkqubo yethu ye-endocrine (oko kukuthi, inkqubo evelisa iihomoni).

Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene kwi-pancreas?

I-pancreas isinceda ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili. Enye kukusincedisa ekugayeni ukutya, enye kukwenza iihomoni ezilawula ubungakanani beswekile egazini lethu. Ukuba ezi zimbini azisebenzi kakuhle, zinokuchaphazela amanye amalungu abalulekileyo njengentliziyo, isibindi kunye nezintso.

Indlela yokunceda ekugayeni ukutya

Khawucinge ukuba utye isidlo esimnandi. Asicingi kakhulu ngento eza kwenzeka emva koko, akunjalo, ngaphandle kokuba siphathwa sisisu? Kodwa kukho umsebenzi omninzi owenziwayo emizimbeni yethu. Yile nto i-pancreas enceda ngayo kuqala.

I-pancreas ivelisa malunga nelitha enye ukuya kwezine zolwelo oluzaliswe zii-enzymes yonke imihla. Olu bungakanani luyahluka ngokwenani lokutya esikutyayo. Ezi enzymes ziqhekeza iiproteni, amafutha kunye neecarbohydrates ekutyeni esikutyayo zibe ziingceba ezincinci ezinokufunxwa ngumzimba.

Nantsi indlela eyenzeka ngayo:

• Emva kokuba utyile, ipancreas ithumela olu lwelo lwe-enzyme ngemijelo emincinci (ii-ducts) ukuya kwi-duct ephambili yepancreas.
• Le duct iphambili yepancreatic idibana ne -bile duct yethu. Le duct ye-bile ithwala ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-bile, oluveliswa esibindini luze lugcinwe kwi-gallbladder. Le duct ikwanceda ekugayeni ukutya.
• Inyongo evela kwinyongo kunye nolwelo lwe-enzyme oluvela kwi-pancreas zombini ziyadibana zize zingene kwi-duodenum , inxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancinci (indawo yokuqala apho ukutya kuphuma khona esiswini).
• Kulapho ke la manzi mabini adibana khona aze aqale ukuqhekeza nokugaya ukutya ngokufanelekileyo.

Ayimangalisi na le nto? Zingaphi izinto ezinzima ngolu hlobo ezenzeka emizimbeni yethu singazi nokuba ziyenzeka!

Ukwenza iihomoni

Omnye umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wepancreas kukuvelisa iihomoni. Ngokukodwa, ezimbini zezona homoni zibalulekileyo ezilawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lethu ziveliswa apha. Ziyi -insulin kunye ne-glucagon .

• Ukuba inqanaba leswekile egazini lakho liyanda, ipancreas ikhupha i-insulin . I-insulin ihambisa iswekile egqithisileyo kwiiseli, ithomalalise inqanaba leswekile egazini.
• Kwakhona, ukuba inqanaba leswekile egazini lakho liyehla (umzekelo, ukuba awukatyi ixesha elide), ipancreas ikhupha iglucagon . IGlucagon iyahamba ize ikhuphe iswekile egcinwe esibindini sethu (njenge-glycogen) ibuyele egazini, inyuse inqanaba leswekile egazini.

Ukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini elungelelene ngale ndlela kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamalungu onke emzimbeni.

Iphi ipancreas?

Ngoku masibone apho eli lungu limangalisayo lifihliwe khona emzimbeni wethu. I-pancreas ikwindawo ekhuselekileyo emva kwesisu sethu naphambi komqolo. Ifana nendawo ekhuselekileyo. Ijikelezwe zezinye izitho ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-gallbladder, isibindi kunye ne-spleen.

I-pancreas ikwicala lini lomzimba?

'Intloko' yepancreas ikwicala lasekunene lomzimba wethu. Ijikeleza i-duodenum, inxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancinci. 'Umsila' wepancreas ufikelela kwicala lasekhohlo lomzimba, kufutshane ne-spleen .

Ziziphi iindawo zepancreas?

Ngamafutshane, i-pancreas inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amane:

• Intloko: Eyona nxalenye ibanzi yepancreas, ekwi-duodenum.
• Intamo: Inxalenye emfutshane eqala entloko.
• Umzimba: Inxalenye ephakathi phakathi kwentloko nentamo, ethe tyaba phezulu.
• Umsila: Eyona nxalenye ibhityileyo yepancreas, ephela kufutshane nespleen.

Ijongeka njani i-pancreas?

Ipancreas ifana nepere . Ityebile kwelinye icala kwaye iyancipha ibe yincam encinci. Ukuba uyichukumisa ngaphandle , irhabaxa kwaye inamaqhuqhuva, njengeqokobhe lombona. Imalunga nee-intshi ezi-6 ubude - malunga nobude besandla sakho. Inobunzima obumalunga neegram ezingama-90 (malunga neekhilogram eziyi-0.20), obumalunga nobunzima bedekhi yamakhadi aqhelekileyo.

Ziziphi izifo ezinokuchaphazela i-pancreas?

Ngelishwa, ipancreas, eyenza imisebenzi ebaluleke kangaka, inokuba nezifo ezithile. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Uhlobo 1 lweswekile: Oku kubangelwa kukuba ipancreas ayivelisi i-insulin eyaneleyo. Oku kubangelwa yingxaki kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile: Kolu hlobo lwesifo seswekile, ipancreas ivelisa i-insulin, kodwa umzimba awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-insulin resistance). Okanye, umzimba usenokungavelisi i-insulin eyaneleyo.
• I-Hyperglycemia (iswekile ephezulu egazini): Xa ipancreas ivelisa i-glucagon eninzi, okanye xa i-insulin ingekho ngokwaneleyo, inqanaba leswekile egazini liyanyuka nje.
• I-Hypoglycemia (iswekile ephantsi egazini): Oku kwenzeka xa kuveliswa i-insulin eninzi kakhulu (mhlawumbi ukuba umthamo wamayeza esifo seswekile unyukile), nto leyo ebangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini ehle kakhulu.
• I-Pancreatitis:Le yimeko eyingozi. Iyenzeka xa ii-enzymes eziveliswa kwi-pancreas ziqala ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwi-pancreas ngaphambi kokuba zifike emathunjini amancinci (i-duodenum). Oku kungonakalisa i-pancreas ngokwayo. Amatye enyongo okanye ukuphazamiseka kokusebenzisa utywala zezona zizathu ziphambili. Inokwenzeka ngequbuliso ize iphucuke (i-pancreatitis ebukhali) okanye ingaba sisifo esingapheliyo.
• Umhlaza wePancreatic: Yimeko eyenzeka xa iiseli zepancreas zisiba ngumhlaza. Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olunzima ukulubona nokulunyanga kuba iimpawu azifane zibekho kwizigaba zokuqala.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo se-pancreatic

Kaloku, wazi njani ukuba kukho into engalunganga kwi-pancreas yakho? Ayizizo zonke izifo ezinazo zonke ezi mpawu, kodwa jonga ukuba unayo na enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu:

• Intlungu yesisu , ingakumbi kwisisu esingaphezulu, ngamanye amaxesha ihamba nentlungu yomqolo. Le ntlungu inokuba mandundu emva kokutya.
• Umqolo obuhlungu.
• Umbono ofipheleyo (oku kungaba luphawu lwesifo seswekile).
• Umchamo omnyama, okanye indle ekhanyayo, enamafutha, edadayo.
• Ukudinwa rhoqo.
• Ukunxanwa rhoqo kunye nesidingo sokuchama rhoqo (ezi zikwazimpawu zesifo seswekile).
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza.
• Ukuziva ngathi amalungu akho ayaphela amandla.
• Ukuba mncinci ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• I-jaundice (ukutyheli kwamehlo nolusu). Oku kwenzeka ukuba umbhobho wenyongo uvalekile.

Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kungcono ukuba ubonane nogqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.

Uvavanyo lokujonga impilo yepancreas

Ngenxa yokuba ipancreas ifihliwe kakhulu emizimbeni yethu, kunzima koogqirha ukufumanisa imeko yayo ngokuyijonga nje. Yiyo loo nto besebenzisa iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezi:

• I-ultrasound yesisu okanye i-ultrasound ye-endoscopic: Ezi zinokubona imifanekiso yepancreas.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Angiography: Jonga imeko yemithambo yegazi.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana namanqanaba e-enzyme ye-pancreatic (i-amylase, i-lipase), amanqanaba eswekile, kunye nokusebenza kwesibindi.
• I-CAT scan / i-CT scan: Oku kukuvumela ukuba uthathe imifanekiso yepancreas enqamlezileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) okanye i-MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography): Olu vavanyo lunokujonga imibhobho yepancreatic kunye nemibhobho yebile.
• Uvavanyo lwe-elastase yendle:Jonga ukuba ipancreas ivelisa ii-enzymes ezaneleyo zokugaya ukutya.
• Iskeni ye-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Oku kungathatha nemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zepancreas.
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-Secretin pancreatic: Lulinganisa indlela i-pancreas esabela ngayo kwi-hormone ye-secretin.

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha banokufuna ukwenza utyando (njengokuthatha i-biopsy) ukuze bajonge iingxaki zepancreas.

Unyango lwezifo zePancreas

Oogqirha bagqiba ngonyango olusekelwe kwisifo esikhula kwi-pancreas.

• Kwisifo seswekile: I-insulin inikwa kakhulu ngaphandle (ingakumbi kwisifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1), okanye amayeza anikwa ukulawula iswekile egazini. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (ukutya, umthambo) lubaluleke kakhulu.
• Kumhlaza wepancreatic: Unyango lwe-chemotherapy, i-radiation, kunye notyando zezona ndlela ziphambili zonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ndlela zonyango zingasetyenziswa kunye.
• Kwi-pancreatitis: Unyango luquka ukuyeka ukutya okwethutyana, ukunika ulwelo ngemithambo yegazi, kunye nokunika iintlungu. Unyango luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu (umzekelo, amatye enyongo ayasuswa). Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya kunye nokuyeka utywala kubalulekile kwi-pancreatitis engapheliyo.

Abanye abantu banokufuna ukufakelwa i-pancreas okanye i-pancreatectomy, equka ukususa inxalenye okanye yonke i-pancreas. Kunqabile kakhulu, iiseli ze-pancreatic ezivelisa i-insulin (ezibizwa ngokuba zii-islets of Langerhans cells ) zifakwa esibindini ukuze ziqhubeke nokuvelisa i-insulin.

Ndingayigcina njani i-pancreas yam isempilweni?

Sonke sifuna ukuba sempilweni. Ngoko ke kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza ukuze sinyamekele le pancreas incinci kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu:

• Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni. Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunye nokunciphisa ubunzima obugqithisileyo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuphuhliswa kwamatye enyongo, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwisifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini kunye ne-pancreatitis.
• Yitya ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi kunye nefayibha eninzi. Ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, okucutshungulwayo kunokukhokelela kwi-gallstones, nto leyo enokubangela i-pancreatitis. Kwakhona, ukutyeba kakhulu ( i-body mass index (BMI)) ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30 yimbangela yomhlaza we-pancreatic.
• Lumka xa usela utywala. Yehlisa kangangoko unako, okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo. Ukusela utywala ngokucacileyo kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-pancreatitis kunye nomhlaza we-pancreatic.
• Yeka ukutshaya. Ukusebenzisa icuba, ukutshaya icuba, kunye neemveliso zecuba ezingenamsi (umz., itshungama yokutshiza) zonke ziyandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wepancreatic kunye nepancreatitis engapheliyo.
• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo. Ukubona ugqirha rhoqo kunokunceda ekufumaneni izifo ezifana nomhlaza wepancreatic kunye ne-pancreatitis kwangethuba.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kwepancreas?

Lo usenokuba ngumbuzo ozibuza wona. Ewe, kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ngaphandle kwepancreas. Kodwa ukuba uyaphila, kuya kufuneka uthathe iipilisi ze-enzymes ukuze ugaye ukutya kunye ne -insulin ukulawula iswekile yegazi lakho ubomi bakho bonke. Akunqabile ukuba kufuneke ususe yonke ipancreas. Kodwa ukuba unomhlaza wepancreas, umonakalo omkhulu kwipancreas, okanye i-pancreatitis enzima, ugqirha wakho unokufuneka enze eso sigqibo.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule

Ixesha elininzi, asicingi kakhulu ngepancreas zethu de kubekho into engalunganga, akunjalo? Eli lungu, elifihliweyo ngasemva kwezisu zethu, lifana nomzi-mveliso onezitho ezimbini. Kwelinye icala, linceda ekugayeni ukutya, kwaye kwelinye icala, lilawula iswekile egazini. Ngokutya ukutya okunesondlo nokuphepha izinto ezifana nokutshaya nokusela utywala kakhulu , unokunceda ukugcina ipancreas yakho exabisekileyo isempilweni ixesha elide. Ngoko ke, khathalela umzimba wakho, kuba impilo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo! Uyayazi?

I- Pancreas, i-pancreas, ukugaya ukutya, iihomoni, i-insulin, i-glucagon, isifo seswekile, i-pancreatitis, umhlaza we-pancreatic, iswekile yegazi