Masifunde ngeTrochlear Nerve - imithambo-luvo ekhethekileyo ekunceda ujonge phantsi!

Molo! Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemithambo-luvo ebaluleke kakhulu emehlweni ethu, kodwa mhlawumbi asikayiva kangako. Le yimithambo-luvo yetrochlear, okanye njengoko ibizwa ngesiNgesi `(Trochlear Nerve)`. Le yimithambo-luvo encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu enceda amehlo ethu ukuba ashukume, ingakumbi xa ejonge ezantsi. Masibone okungakumbi ngale nto, akunjalo?

Yintoni iTrochlear Nerve?

Ngamafutshane, i-trochlear nerve ifana nentambo encinci ethwala imiyalezo esuka engqondweni yethu iye emehlweni ethu. Ubusazi na ukuba kukho amaqela ali-12 ee-nerve ngaphakathi entlokweni yethu, esizibiza ngokuba yi-cranial nerve? I-trochlear nerve yesine kwezo zilishumi elinesibini (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Cranial Nerve 4 okanye i-CN IV).

Eminye imithambo-luvo emzimbeni wethu isinceda ukuba siqonde izinto ezifana nokuchukumisa kunye nobushushu (i-sensory), ngelixa eminye isinceda silawule intshukumo. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi ophambili wale mithambo-luvo ye-trochlear kukulawula intshukumo yamehlo ethu. Oko kukuthi, yi-motor nerve, okanye i-kinesthetic nerve. Sinemithambo-luvo emibini ye-trochlear, enye yeliso ngalinye.

Yintoni kanye kanye le mithambo-luvo eyenziwa yile mithambo-luvo?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba le mithambo-luvo incinci yenza ntoni ngokwenene. Imithambo-luvo ye-trochlear inomsebenzi omnye ophambili. Oko kukuthumela imiyalezo kwisihlunu esikhethekileyo esingaphakathi kweliso lethu, isihlunu esithe nkqo esiphezulu, ukuze sisishukumise.

Le mithambo-luvo ye-trochlear, kunye ne-"superior oblique muscle" endiyikhankanyileyo, kunye isenza sikwazi ukwenza ezi zinto:

• Jonga ezantsi: Ezi zimbini zijonga phantsi, njengaxa ufunda incwadi okanye uhla ngezinyuko.
• Jika amehlo akho uwajonge empumlweni yakho: Xa uzama ukujonga impumlo yakho.
• Susa amehlo akho empumlweni yakho (ngaphandle).

Ayimangalisi na? Igama elithi "trochlea" livela kwigama lesiLatini elithi "trochleae," elithetha "i-pulley." I-pulley yinto enceda ukuphakamisa okanye ukwehlisa into ethile. I-superior oblique muscle, elawula le mithambo-luvo, iqhagamshelwe kwiliso lethu phezulu kweshiya. Le misipha idlula kwi-band yezicubu ezidityanisiweyo, ezisebenza njenge-pulley. Yiyo loo nto yafumana igama layo.

Khawuthelekelele, njengentambo edlula phezu kwe-pulley itsala ubunzima, ezi mithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu zisebenza kunye ukujika amehlo ethu ezantsi.

Kukho ezinye iimithambo-luvo ezininzi ezinceda ekushukumiseni amehlo:

• I-Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
• I-Abducens nerve (CN VI)
• I-Facial nerve (CN VII) (Oku kukwabandakanyeka kwizinto ezifana nokuvala iinkophe)

Ngaba uyazi ukuba iphi i-trochlear nerve?

Le nerve ye-trochlear (CN IV) ilawula isihlunu esinye kuphela, kodwa kufuneka ihambe ixesha elide ukuze ifikelele kweso sihlunu. Khawuthelekelele, nangona sincinci, yindlela enzima kancinci.

Le mithambo-luvo iqala kwisiqu sethu sobuchopho . Emva koko, ngaphambi kokuba idibane nemisipha ethe tyaba ephezulu phezulu kweshiya, idlula kwiindawo ezine eziphambili. Ezi zezi:

1. I-Trochlear nucleus: Le yinxalenye yomthambo we-trochlear okufutshane nobuchopho. Ikwindawo ephezulu yesiqu sobuchopho.

2. Iqula elikufutshane nendawo: Le ndawo ikufutshane ne-membrane ekhuselayo ejikeleze ubuchopho (ebizwa ngokuba yi-dura mater, inxalenye ye-meninges yethu).

3. I-Cavernous sinus: Le yindawo efana nomngxuma phakathi kwentloko yethu.

4. I-Orbit: Le yingxinano yamathambo ekhayeni apho kukho khona iibhola zamehlo ethu. Emva kokudlula kwi-orbit, i-trochlear nerve iqhagamshela kwimisipha ye-oblique ephezulu.

Ukhe wazibona ukuba zingaphi iindawo eziye zadlula kuzo ezi ntliziyo zincinci zenza umsebenzi wazo?

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umthambo we-trochlear wonakele?

Ngelishwa, ukuba kukho umonakalo kule nerve ye-trochlear, inokuchaphazela umbono wethu kunye nendlela esishukumisa ngayo amehlo ethu. Oogqirha babiza le nerve palsy yesine okanye i-trochlear nerve palsy .

Ezi zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zale meko:

• Ukubona kabini (diplopia): Ukubona izinto ezimbini ngaxeshanye. Oku kunokuba nzima ngakumbi xa ujonge ezantsi.
• Ukuthambekisa intamo ukuze kuthintelwe ukutsalwa kwamehlo: Abanye abantu bathambekele ekuthambekiseni intamo yabo ecaleni ukuze kuthintelwe ukutsalwa kwamehlo. Xa oku kusenzeka kumntwana omncinci, kunokubonakala ngathi yi-"torticollis" (intamo ejijekileyo).
• Ukungalingani kobuso (i-midfacial hypoplasia): Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kubantu abazalwa benale meko, kunokubakho ukungalingani okuncinci embindini wobuso.
• I-Strabismus: Amehlo asenokungajongi kwicala elinye, kodwa elinye lisenokujongiswa kwelinye.

Kutheni le nto le mithambo-luvo ye-trochlear yonakala? Zithini izizathu?

Ngenxa yokuba i-trochlear nerve ihamba umgama omde ngaphakathi entlokweni yethu, isengozini enkulu yokonakala kunezinye ii-cranial nerve. Le nerve ingonakaliswa, ingakumbi kukwenzakala entloko. Cinga ngoku:

• Iingozi zezithuthi
• Imidlalo efana nebhokisi
• Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba yingozi entloko encinci kunokuchaphazela le mithambo-luvo.

Ezi zezona zizathu ziphambili. Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho nezinye izizathu ezingacacanga kangako:

• Isifo se-Microvascular:Oko kuthetha izifo ezenzeka kwimithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu emzimbeni.
• Uxinzelelo oluvela kwithumba elikufutshane: Ithumba elisebuchotsheni okanye kwindawo ekufutshane linokucindezela le mithambo-luvo.
• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-intracranial: Ukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi entloko luyanda ngesizathu esithile, lunokuchaphazela nemithambo-luvo.

Abanye abantwana bazalwa beneengxaki ngale mithambo-luvo ye-trochlear. Oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yi -congenital fourth nerve palsy .

Ngoko ke singazigcina njani ezi nerve ze-trochlear ziphilile?

Ezinye zezizathu zomonakalo wemithambo-luvo ye-trochlear, njengeemeko zokuzalwa, kunzima ukuzithintela. Nangona kunjalo, singawunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko womonakalo kule mithambo-luvo ngokuphepha ukwenzakala entloko . Jonga ukuba ungenza ezi zinto na:

• Ukuba unomntwana okanye umntwana omncinci ekhayeni lakho, cinga ngokukhusela abantwana ekhayeni lakho: Qaphela iindawo apho abantwana banokuwa baze babetheke ngeentloko zabo. Susa izinto ezibukhali.
• Ukuba kukho umntu omdala ekhaya ongenamandla okulinganisela kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba awe, dala indawo apho anokuhlala khona ekhuselekile.
• Soloko unxibe ibhanti xa ukhwela imoto. Sebenzisa isihlalo semoto esifanelekileyo sabantwana abancinci.
• Nxiba isigcina-ntloko rhoqo xa ukhwela ibhayisekile, ibhayisekile, okanye udlala imidlalo edibanisa umzimba. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu!

Ukongeza kwezi zinto, ezi zinto zilandelayo zikwanceda ekugcineni inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo isempilweni ngokubanzi:

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo. Ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-vitamin D kunye ne-vitamin B12 kulungile kakhulu kwimpilo yemithambo-luvo.
• Ukuba unezigulo ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, zilawule kakuhle, kuba ezi meko zingonakalisa imithambo-luvo.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, cela uncedo lokuyeka. Ukutshaya kunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimithambo-luvo.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo. Ukucamngca, ukuhambahamba, okanye ukwenza into ephumzayo oyithandayo kunokunceda.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu ze-fourth nerve palsy, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Musa ukungazinaki ezi nguqu, ingakumbi ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu, njengokubona okufipheleyo xa ujonge phantsi okanye ukubona kabini.

Usenokucinga, "Owu, le yinto encinci nje." Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza xa kufikwa kwiingxaki zamehlo.

Masikhumbule oku ke ngoko!

Ngoko ke, ngoku uyazi ukuba xa uhlala ujonge ezantsi, ujonge impumlo yakho, okanye ushukumisa amehlo akho ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye, imithambo-luvo yakho ye-trochlear ikunceda ukwenza loo nto.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ngequbuliso uqala ukubona ngababini, okanye ukuba kufuneka utyekise intamo yakho ukuze ubone ngokucacileyo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yomonakalo othile kumthambo we-trochlear.

Ngamaxesha anjalo , musa ukuba livila okanye ukoyika ukubona ugqirha. Emva koko banokukunika uvavanyo olufunekayo ukuze babone ukuba une-trochlear nerve palsy okanye kukho enye into engalunganga. Ukufumana unyango kwangethuba kunokuthintela imeko ukuba ibe mandundu.

Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle!

` I-Trochlear Neva, I-Neva yeliso, Intshukumo yeliso, I-Fourth cranial nerve, I-CN IV, Ukubona kabini, Umonakalo wemithambo-luvo, Izifo zamehlo