Masifunde ngomqala okanye ipharynx yakho ngokweenkcukacha.

Ngaba wakha wacinga ngomqala wakho? Yonke imihla, xa siphefumla, sisitya, kwaye sisela, lo mqala uluncedo olukhulu kuthi ngaphandle kokuba sizazi. Ngamafutshane, ufana nombhobho omangalisayo ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu, owenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngalo mqala, okanye njengoko oogqirha bewubiza, umqala. Ukulungele?

Ngoko ke, yintoni le pharynx?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni i-pharynx. Umphimbo wakho, okanye i-pharynx, sisitho esimile okwe-funnel, esinemisipha esenza umsebenzi omninzi ngaxeshanye. Ayikuncedi nje kuphela ukuphefumla, kodwa ikwakhokela ukutya okutyayo nokuselayo kwinkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya. Yenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu, akunjalo? Ukuba ufuna ukugcina i-pharynx yakho isempilweni, kubalulekile ukuphepha ukutshaya nokuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane.

Zithini imisebenzi ephambili ye-pharynx?

Ngoku, makhe sijonge ukuba lo mqala, okanye ipharynx, wenza ntoni. Kalula nje, wenza izinto ezimbini ezibaluleke kakhulu.

• Ukulungiswa komoya: Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili yenkqubo yokuphefumla kukuqinisekisa ukuba umoya esiwuthathayo ngeempumlo okanye ngomlomo wethu uqondiswa ngokufanelekileyo uye ezantsi, nge-larynx yethu, uye kwi-trachea uze ukusuka apho uye emiphungeni. Kufana nokwenza indlela yomoya ithe tye ngokugqibeleleyo.
• Ukuqondisa ukutya nezinto ezisetyenziswayo kwindlela elungileyo: Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuqondisa ukutya neziselo esizityayo nesiziselayo kwindlela elungileyo eya esiswini, oko kukuthi, umqala. Oku kwenziwa ngobuchule obukhulu.

Khawucinge nje, xa usitya, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ezo nxalenye zokutya zingena kumbhobho womoya? Yingxaki enkulu leyo, akunjalo? Le pharynx yenza umsebenzi omhle wokuthintela oko, ukuthumela iinxalenye zokutya kunye nolwelo ngqo kwi-esophagus, endaweni yokuya kwi-trachea kunye nemiphunga. Kufana nje nomlindi wesango, owahlulahlula izinto zibe ziindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Iphi i-pharynx?

Kulungile, ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba iphi le mphimbo, okanye ipharynx. Iphakathi entanyeni yethu. Ngokuchanekileyo, ikwindawo engaphantsi kwesiseko sekhakhayi, ngaphezulu nje kwe-esophagus kunye ne-larynx. Ukuba uchukumisa intamo yakho, kulapho eli lungu limangalisayo likhoyo.

Zithini iindawo ze-pharynx?

Kukho iinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili zale nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-pharynx. Masibone ukuba ziyintoni na. Nangona la magama esenokuvakala ngathi angokwesayensi, kulula ukuwaqonda.

• Impumlo: Le yinxalenye yomqala phezulu. Kulapho impumlo yakho idibana khona nenkqubo yakho yokuphefumla. Xa siphefumla ngeempumlo zethu, umoya uqala udlule kuyo.
• I-Oropharynx:Oku kuphakathi emqaleni wakho. Kuqulathe ii-tonsils (ii-glands) ezisezantsi kolwimi lwakho kwaye kuqhagamshelwe emlonyeni wakho. Yonke into esiyiphefumlayo, esiyityayo, nesiyiselayo idlula kule oropharynx. Oko kukuthi, ifana nendlela eqhelekileyo yomoya nokutya.
• I-Hypopharynx: Le yeyona ndawo isezantsi yepharynx. Kulapho kwenziwa khona izigqibo ezibalulekileyo. Ilawula indlela ukutya okungena ngayo kwi-esophagus nakwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya, kunye nendlela umoya odlula ngayo kwi-larynx uye kwimiphunga.

Injani i-pharynx?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba lo mqala, okanye ipharynx, ujongeka njani. Ngumbhobho nje omalunga ne-intshi ezi-4 ubude. Ukuchaneka, umile njenge-funnel. Ubanzi phezulu kwaye uncipha kancinci ezantsi. Ubukhulu becala wenziwe yimisipha. Le misipha yiyo eyenza umqala ushukume xa uginya ukutya. Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho neqhekeza elincinci le-cartilage elenza umva wepharynx, eliyinika amandla athile.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-pharynx?

Umphimbo wethu obalulekileyo, okanye ipharynx, unokuvelisa izifo ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zixhaphakile kakhulu, ngelixa ezinye zinokuba yingozi kakhulu. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo.

• Umphimbo obuhlungu (Pharyngitis): Le yinto esihlala siyifumana, akunjalo? Iimpawu zingabandakanya umphimbo obuhlungu, iintlungu xa uginya, mhlawumbi nokutshintsha kwelizwi.
• Izizathu: I-Tonsillitis, okukudumba kweetoni, usulelo olwahlukeneyo (olubangelwa yibhaktiriya okanye yintsholongwane), i-allergies, okanye ukuphefumla ngomlomo kunokubangela lo mqala ubuhlungu.
• Iintsholongwane: Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo zinokuchaphazela umqala.
• Usulelo lweentsholongwane: Umzekelo omhle woku lusulelo lomphimbo olubizwa ngokuba yi-strep throat, olunokubangela umphimbo obuhlungu kakhulu kunye nomkhuhlane.
• Usulelo lweentsholongwane: Usulelo lomphimbo lunokubangelwa ziintsholongwane, ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, umkhuhlane, okanye i-mononucleosis. Ngala maxesha, umphimbo obuhlungu unokuhamba neempawu ezifana neentlungu zomzimba kunye nempumlo egobhozayo.
• Umhlaza: Umhlaza unokubakho nasemqaleni. Ezi ziimeko ezinzulu kancinci. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzibona kwangethuba.
• Imizekelo: Umhlaza wempumlo, umhlaza wempumlo, kunye nomhlaza we-hypopharyngeal.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (Dysphagia): Ngamanye amaxesha unokuba nobunzima bokuginya ukutya okanye isiselo. Usenokuziva ngathi ukutya kunamathele emqaleni wakho, okanye uzive iintlungu xa uginya.
• Izizathu:Oku kusenokuba ngenxa yemeko efana nestroke, isifo esichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo efana ne-multiple sclerosis (MS), okanye esinye isifo esichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi, njengoko inkqubo yokuginya ilawulwa yinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeengxaki zomqala

Ngoku makhe sijonge iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokubonisa ingxaki ngomqala, oko kukuthi, i-pharynx. Kodwa khumbula, ukuba nezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba unesifo esinzima. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu azipheli kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba ziyaqhubeka, ngaba kulungile ukubona ugqirha? Leyo yeyona nto ikhuselekileyo onokuyenza.

Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Umphimbo obuhlungu ongapheliyo ongapheliyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya okanye isiselo, okanye intlungu xa uginya.
• Ubuhlungu bendlebe rhoqo (ngamanye amaxesha ingxaki yomqala inokuchaphazela indlebe).
• Umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwama-39 degrees Celsius (103 degrees Fahrenheit). Oku kungaba luphawu losulelo.
• Ukuziva ngathi liqhuma entanyeni, ingakumbi ngasemva.
• Intamo ivakala ibuthathaka, iqinile, okanye kunzima ukuyijika.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo okanye ukurhawuzelela kwelizwi, okuhlala iiveki ezininzi.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ukuba unale mpawu, nceda ufune ingcebiso kugqirha.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwayo ukuhlola umphimbo wam?

Ukuba ugqirha ucinga ukuba kukho ingxaki ngomqala wakho, okanye emphinjeni, banokwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• I-Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwindawo erhanelekayo yomqala uze ulihlolisise phantsi kwemakroskopu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kukho into erhanelekayo efana nomhlaza.
• I-Laryngoscopy okanye i-Pharyngoscopy: Kule nto, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu eguquguqukayo enekhamera encinci emqaleni aze ajonge ngqo okwenzekayo ngaphakathi emqaleni.
• I-throat culture / I-throat swab: I-mucus evela emqaleni ithathwa ize ivavanywe kwilebhu ukuze kubonwe ukuba inazo na iintsholongwane okanye ezinye iintsholongwane. Oku kunokunceda ekuxilongeni izifo ezifana ne-strep throat.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Olu luquka uvavanyo olufana ne-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) okanye i-MRI scan (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan). Olu vavanyo lungathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo yezicubu zomqala ezingaphakathi nezingqongileyo. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuboneni ukuba kukho amaqhuma okanye umhlaza.

Ndingayigcina njani imphimbo yam, okanye ipharynx, isempilweni?

Ngoko ke, kufuneka sinyamekele umphimbo wethu, i-pharynx, eyenza umsebenzi obaluleke kangaka, akunjalo? Kungenjalo, ukuphefumla nokutya kungaba yingxaki. Nazi ezinye izinto ezilula, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu onokuzenza ngayo:

• Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukutshaya: Ukusebenzisa icuba (hayi nje icuba, i-bidis, i-cigar, kodwa kwanecuba elingenamsi) kwandisa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza womqala. Ngoko ke ukuba uyatshaya, cinga ngokuyeka namhlanje. Lelo lolona ncedo lukhulu onokulwenza emqaleni wakho.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya umsi ophuma kwabanye abantu: Ukuphefumla umsi wecuba labanye abantu nako kungonakalisa umqala wakho. Kubi njengokuba nawe utshaya. Ngoko ke zigcine kude nezindawo ezinjalo kangangoko unako.
• Zikhusele kwiintsholongwane: Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha namanzi, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokutya nasemva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Gcina kude nabantu abagulayo. Le mikhwa ilula yococeko inokukunceda uphephe izifo zomqala ezifana ne-strep throat, i-flu, kunye nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukugcina umqala wakho umanzi kubaluleke kakhulu. Oku kuya kunciphisa amathuba okuba umqala wakho wome, ukrweleke, kwaye urhawuzelele. Ziqhelise ukusela ubuncinane iiglasi ezisi-8 zamanzi ngosuku.
• Lumka xa usebenzisa ilizwi lakho: Ukuba ungumntu okhwaza kakhulu okanye unomsebenzi ofuna ukuthetha kakhulu, thatha ikhefu elifutshane phakathi kwale ntetho. Akulunganga ukuzibhokoxa kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, yintoni ofuna ukuyikhumbula kwinto ebesithethe ngayo namhlanje?

Ngamafutshane, umqala wakho, okanye i-pharynx, sisitho esimangalisayo nesisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi. Sibalulekile kwiinkqubo zakho zokuphefumla nezokwetyisa. Sinceda ukuthumela umoya emiphungeni yakho kunye nokutya esiswini sakho. Kufana nokudibana okulawula iindlela ezimbini eziya kwicala ngalinye.

Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umqala wakho usempilweni. Izinto ezilula ezifana nokuphepha ukutshaya, ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane, kunye nokusela amanzi amaninzi zinokukunceda wenze oku. Khumbula, ukuba uneempawu ezingaqhelekanga emqaleni wakho, ezinje ngentlungu okanye ubunzima bokuginya, musa ukulibazisa ukubona ugqirha.

Ngoko ke, ungalibali ukunyamekela umqala wakho, kulungile?

Umphimbo , umqala, inkqubo yokuphefumla, inkqubo yokwetyisa, umphimbo obuhlungu, impilo yomphimbo