Xa ucinga ngesifuba sakho, yintoni efika engqondweni yakho? Uninzi lwexesha, yintliziyo yakho nemiphunga yakho, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto. Kodwa ubusazi ukuba phakathi kwemiphunga yakho, embindini wesifuba sakho, kukho indawo ekhethekileyo apho intliziyo yakho, kunye nezinye izitho ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kunye nemithambo yegazi, zikhoyo? Kwizonyango, le ndawo ibizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinum. Ifana nendawo exakekileyo nebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokufutshane namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-mediastinum?
Ngamafutshane, i-mediastinum ayilolungu, yindawo. Ukuchaneka, yinxalenye yomngxuma wesifuba sakho. Cinga ngesifuba sakho njengendlu enamagumbi amathathu. Elinye igumbi liqulathe umphunga wasekhohlo, kwaye elinye igumbi liqulathe umphunga wasekunene. Indawo ephakathi kwala magumbi mabini, efana negumbi lokuhlala, yile nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-mediastinum.
Le ndawo isuka phezulu kwesifuba iye ezantsi, oko kukuthi, ukusuka kwisiseko sentamo ukuya kwi-diaphragm, kwaye ukusuka kwi-sternum ngaphambili ukuya kumqolo ngasemva. Ngoko ke le ayisiyondawo ingenanto nje kuphela, kodwa yindawo ekhusela izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ebomini bethu.
Yintoni engaphakathi kweli mediastinum?
Zininzi izinto kule ndawo. Masiziqhekeze zibe ziinxalenye ezimbalwa.
Izitho zomzimba ezibalulekileyo kunye nezakhiwo
Kule ndawo kukho amalungu aliqela abalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu.
| Isitho/Ulwakhiwo | Yintoni omawuyenze ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Intliziyo | Injini yethu ephambili epompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ikwindawo ephakathi kwe-mediastinum. Ijikelezwe yi-membrane ekhuselayo (i-pericardium). |
| Umqala womqala | Umbhobho othwala ukutya esikutyayo nesikuselayo ukusuka emqaleni ukuya esiswini. Lo mbhobho udlula nakwi-mediastinum. |
| I-Trachea | Umbhobho womoya ophambili othwala umoya esiwuphefumlayo ukuya emiphungeni. Uphambi komqala. |
| I-Thymus gland (i-Thymus) | I-gland enceda inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Isebenza ngakumbi xa sisebancinci. Ikwindawo ephezulu, engaphambili ye-mediastinum. |
Iinqanawa Ezinkulu
Imithambo yegazi emikhulu edibana nentliziyo, oko kukuthi, leyo ihambisa igazi kwaye ithwala igazi kude nentliziyo, ikwafumaneka ngaphakathi kwesi sixhobo se-mediastinum.
- I-Aorta: Umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni. Uthwala igazi elicocekileyo (elinomoya-mpilo) ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emzimbeni wonke.
- I-Superior Vena Cava: Izisa igazi elingcolileyo elivela kwinxalenye ephezulu yomzimba ( entloko , entanyeni, ezingalweni) ukuya entliziyweni.
- Isiqu sePulmonary: Sithwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni ukuya emiphungeni ukuze sifumane ioksijini.
Ukongeza, kukho neminye imithambo yegazi emininzi ebalulekileyo kule ndawo.
Izinto ezingaphezulu
Ukongeza kwezi zinto ziphambili,
- Ithumba
- Imiva
- Le ndawo ikwazaliswe zizinto ezifana nezicubu ezinamafutha kunye nezicubu ezidibeneyo.
Ngoko ke yintoni umsebenzi we-mediastinum?
Oku kunemisebenzi emininzi ephambili.
1. Ukuba yindlu ekhuselekileyo: Ngamafutshane, oku kufana nendlu ekhuselekileyo yentliziyo, imithambo yegazi emikhulu, kunye neendlela zomoya. Kunceda ukugcina la malungu ehlangene kwaye ehlelekile.
2. Ibonelela ngokhuseleko: Izicubu ezinamafutha kunye nezicubu ezinxibelelanayo kule ndawo zibonelela ngokhuseleko oluhle kwizitho zangaphakathi. Kwakhona, ithambo lesifuba (i-sternum) elingaphambili likhusela la malungu abalulekileyo kwiintlungu zangaphandle.
3. Ukuba yindawo yokuthutha: Le yindawo enkulu yokuhlangana, njengeColombo Fort. Yonke into ehamba ukusuka kwenye indawo emzimbeni wethu ukuya kwenye idlula kule ndawo. Umzekelo, ukutya neziselo zihamba ukusuka emqaleni ukuya esiswini nge-esophagus, edlula kwi-mediastinum. Ngokufanayo, imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo yegazi zihamba ukusuka entanyeni ukuya esifubeni, kwaye ukusuka esifubeni ukuya esiswini, ngale ndawo.
Ngaba oogqirha bayahlulahlula le mediastinum ibe ngamacandelo?
Ewe. Ukuze bachonge indawo echanekileyo yengxaki, oogqirha bahlulahlula esi sithuba sibizwa ngokuba yi-mediastinum sibe ngamacandelo amancinci. Eyona ndlela yanamhlanje esetyenziswayo ngoku kukwahlulahlula la macandelo mathathu ngokusekelwe kuvavanyo lwe-three-dimensional (3D) olufana ne-CT scans.
| Inxalenye | Indawo kunye nomxholo |
|---|---|
| Inxalenye ye-Prevascular | Inxalenye ephambi kwentliziyo, emva kwethambo lesifuba. I-thymus gland, ii-lymph nodes, kunye nezicubu ezinamafutha zifumaneka apha. |
| Inxalenye ephakathi (yeVisceral) | Iqulethe izinto ezifana nentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu enxulumene nayo, i-trachea, kunye nenxalenye yomqala. |
| Inxalenye yangasemva (i-Paravertebral) | Inxalenye engasemva kwentliziyo naphambi komqolo. Kulapho kukho khona imithambo-luvo kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo. |
Ngokuthetha ngayo kwiindawo ezinje, luncedo kakhulu koogqirha ukuqikelela ukuba iphi ithumba okanye enye ingxaki kwaye inokuba loluphi uhlobo lwayo.
Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela i-mediastinum?
Zininzi iimeko ezinokuchaphazela le ndawo ibalulekileyo. Ezinye zisenokuqala kwi-mediastinum ngokwayo (umz. iithumba), ngelixa ezinye zisenokuqala kwenye indawo zize zisasazeke apha (umz. umhlaza).
- Izimila ze-Mediastinal: Iithumba ezivela kwizicubu ezikule ndawo. Ezi zisenokuba zingumhlaza okanye azinawo.
- I-Mediastinitis: Usulelo okanye ukudumba kule ndawo.
- I-Lymphoma: Uhlobo lomhlaza oluvela kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes.
- Izifo ze-aorta: Iimeko eziyingozi ezifana nokudumba kwe-aorta (i-Thoracic aortic aneurysm) okanye ukukrazuka eludongeni lwayo (i-Aortic dissection).
- Umhlaza wesisu
- I-Cardiac tamponade: Imeko apho ingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo izaliswe lulwelo, nto leyo ebangela uxinzelelo entliziyweni.
Yintoni i-'Widened Mediastinum'?
Ngaba wakha wayibona ingxelo ye-X-ray yesifuba ethi "widened mediastinum"? Oku akubhekiseli kwisifo. Luphawu lokuba ugqirha ubona kwi-X-ray.Oko kuthetha ukuba i-mediastinum ibonakala ibanzi kunesiqhelo.
Zininzi izizathu zoku. Oku kunokubangelwa yingxaki ekhankanyiweyo apha kwi-aorta, ithumba, usulelo, okanye nokwenzakala esifubeni. Ukuba kukho into efana nale, ugqirha uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo, ezifana ne-CT scan, ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela ochanekileyo.
Ungayigcina njani i-mediastinum isempilweni?
Ngenxa yokuba i-mediastinum yindawo, ukuyigcina isempilweni kuthetha ukugcina amalungu angaphakathi kuyo esempilweni. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu entliziyweni, emithanjeni yegazi, nasemiphungeni.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo nentliziyo. Yitya ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, ityuwa encinci, neswekile encinci, kwaye utye iziqhamo nemifuno emininzi.
- Zilolonge rhoqo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise nayiphi na inkqubo yokuzilolonga.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
- Sebenzisa amayeza owanikwe kanye njengoko uyalelwe (umz., uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, i-cholesterol).
- Yenza uhlolo lwezonyango ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
Ukwenza ezi zinto kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weemeko ezininzi ezichaphazela i-mediastinum.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-mediastinum ayilolungu, kodwa yindawo ebalulekileyo esifubeni sakho phakathi kwemiphunga yakho.
- Izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ebomini, ezifana nentliziyo yakho, imithambo yegazi emikhulu, i-trachea, kunye ne-esophagus, zikhuselekile kule ndawo.
- Umsebenzi oyintloko we-mediastinum kukubonelela ngekhaya elikhuselekileyo la malungu kunye nendlela yokuhamba yezinto ezibalulekileyo.
- 'I-mediastinum ebanzi' luphawu olubonakala kwi-X-ray, hayi isifo. Kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina le ndawo isempilweni kukuphila ubomi obusempilweni. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, thetha nogqirha wakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho